Generalized modified slash Birnbaum–Saunders distribution

In this paper, a generalization of the modified slash Birnbaum-Saunders (BS) distribution is introduced. The model is defined by using the stochastic representation of the BS distribution, where the standard normal distribution is replaced by a symmetric distribution proposed by Reyes et al. It is proved that this new distribution is able to model more kurtosis than other extensions of BS previously proposed in the literature. Closed expressions are given for the pdf (probability density functio), along with their moments, skewness and kurtosis coefficients. Inference carried out is based on modified moments method and maximum likelihood (ML). To obtain ML estimates, two approaches are considered: Newton-Raphson and EM-algorithm. Applications reveal that it has potential for doing well in real problems

Isonuclear sequences in atomic spectroscopy

The notion of isonuclear sequences is employed in this work for studying the p shell on Na, Mg, Al, Si. Observed Regularities of the ionization potentials and Slater's integrals are reported.En este trabajo la noción de secuencias isonucleares es empleada para estudiar la capa pen Na, Mg, Al y Si. Ciertas regularidades observadas en las potenciales de ionización e integrales de Slater son reportadas

Emociones y actos comunicativos desde la dramatización de situaciones cotidianas. Una propuesta de intervención en Educación Primaria

La realidad socioeducativa actual demanda de los profesionales de la educación una intervención comprometida y coherente para el desarrollo de competencias y habilidades emocionales. Es necesario complementar lo académico y cuantificable con aquello que sobrepasa las barreras del centro e influye en el rendimiento y desarrollo personal y social del alumnado. Las relaciones que se dan entre los componentes de la triada emoción, pensamiento y acción regulan cada momento de nuestros días, pudiéndose ver estas alteradas negativamente por estímulos externos que en ocasiones, no somos capaces de gestionar adecuadamente. Esta incorrecta gestión emocional tiene su base en un creciente analfabetismo emocional que nos lleva a respuestas impulsivas y no reflexivas. Este artículo plantea una propuesta de intervención en el aula de Educación Primaria que tiene como base el diálogo y la cooperación para el desarrollo de competencias-­‐habilidades emocionales desde el acto comunicativo-­‐dramático, enfatizando en los beneficios que esta herramienta pedagógica tiene para con el desarrollo de espacios inclusivos donde los estudiantes puedan expresarse libremente. Esta propuesta tiene un carácter abierto y su concreción vendrá determinada por el contexto y la implementación en las aulas. El trabajo concluye planteando la conveniencia de la puesta en práctica de Programas de Educación Emocional. Nowadays the socio-educational context demands from teachers a committed and coherent intervention to promote emotional skills and competences. It is necessary to complement the academic and quantifiable dimension with other knowledge that has overcome school barriers and has an important role in the capacities and development of students. The relations between the triad: emotion, thought and action, control every moment of our daily life. This trio can be disturbed by external stimuli, which sometimes cannot be solved in a positive way. This mismanagement is due to the increasing 'emotional illiteracy' that makes us act in an impulsive and thoughtless manner. This paper shows an educational proposal to contribute to the development of competences and skills in the Primary Education classroom, based on dialogue, cooperation and dramatic act as learning tools, emphasizing the benefits that this resource has to develop inclusive spaces where students can express themselves freely. This project has an open character, its realisation will be determined by the context and its implementation in the classroom. This paper concludes the convenience of emotional projects and their implementation in educational institutions

La persistencia de la pobreza en los Altos de Chiapas. Factores estructurales y regionales

El último informe del Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (Coneval, 2014), da cuenta de la gravedad de la pobreza en México. En el periodo que va del año 2012 a 2014, el país contó con 2 millones más de pobres. Esto es, la población en pobreza aumentó de 53.3 (45.5% del total de población) a 55.3 (46.2%) millones de personas; mientras que la pobreza extrema se redujo de 11.5 a 11.4 millones de personas en el mismo periodo. Chiapas tiene la más alta proporción de pobres en el país, con el 76.2%, que equivale a 3 millones 962 mil de sus habitantes. En el estado, entre los años 2012 y 2014 hubo un incremento de 1.5 puntos porcentuales de población en esta situación, concentrando el 7.5% de los pobres del país. La pobreza persiste e incluso se ha incrementado en la última década (CIEPSE, 2014; CONEVAL, 2014). La presente comunicación ofrece avances de una investigación sobre los procesos que según la literatura y algunos hallazgos preliminares, se encuentran detrás de este fenómeno. Se centra en la región Altos Tsotsil-Tseltal de Chiapas, que alberga diecisiete municipios, de los cuales quince tienen el grado de marginación Muy Alto, siete pertenecen al grupo de municipios con mayor porcentaje de la población en situación de pobreza a nivel nacional, y diez pertenecen al padrón de los 125 municipios con menor Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) en el país (CONAPO, 2010; CONEVAL, 2010; PNUD, 2014). En las reflexiones finales se argumenta la necesidad de establecer un rediseño estructural de la estrategia de política económica y social, con una fuerte, eficaz y eficiente intervención del Estado para revertir y compensar los efectos de las fuerzas económicas y de mercado que por sí solas han producido mayor desigualdad social y regional

Discrete generalized half-normal distribution and its applications in quantile regression

A new discrete two-parameter distribution is introduced by discretizing a generalized half-normal distribution. The model is useful for fitting overdispersed as well as underdispersed data. The failure function can be decreasing, bathtub shaped or increasing. A reparameterization of the distribution is introduced for use in a regression model based on the median. The behaviour of the maximum likelihood estimates is studied numerically, showing good performance in finite samples. Three real data set applications reveal that the new model can provide a better explanation than some other competitors

Spectroscopic analysis of the transverse excited C3Πu–B3Πg(0–0) UV laser band of N2 at room temperature: comments

Recently Petit et al.published a paper devoted to a high-resolution spectroscopy study of the 0-0 laser band in the Second Positive System of molecular nitrogen and explaining the optical gain formation on its different branches.All the results by Petit et al. are equivalent to those previously published by Massone et al.and are in accordance with theoretical predictions reported by Tocho et al.Summarizing, we would comment as follows

Classified lines in the spectrum of Xe II

The spectrum of xenón emitted by a non-conventional light source has been studied. About 123 lines are classified in the range 2100 - 6750 AHa sido estudiado el espectro del xenón emitido por una fuente luminosa no convencional. Son clasificadas alrededor de 123 líneas en el rango de 2100 - 6750

Obesity in Latin America, a scoping review of public health prevention strategies and an overview of their impact on obesity prevention

Objective: To describe the strategies implemented in seventeen Latin American countries for obesity prevention and to provide an overview of their impact. Design: A thorough search of strategies and their impact was done through an Internet search, governmental webpages, reports and research articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Setting: Latin America (not including the Caribbean countries). Participants: Any. Results: The Ministry of Health is the main oversight for obesity prevention, with six countries having a specific structure for this. Regular obesity monitoring occurs in a few countries, and thirteen countries have a national obesity prevention plan. The main regulations being implemented/designed are front-of-package labelling (sixteen countries), school environment (fifteen countries), school nutrition education (nine countries), promotion of physical activity level (nine countries) and sugar-sweetened beverage tax (eight countries). All countries have dietary guidelines. The main community-based programmes being implemented are school meals (seventeen countries), complementary nutrition (eleven countries), nutrition education (fourteen countries), promotion of physical activity (nine countries) and healthy environments (nine countries). Most of these strategies have not been evaluated. The few with positive results have used a coordinated, multi-disciplinary and multi-sector approach, with legislation and executive-level support. Conclusions: Important obesity prevention strategies are being implemented in the seventeen Latin American countries included in the present review. However, few have been evaluated to assess their impact on preventing obesity. This information can help assess that actions can be generalised to other countries within the region and can help inform how to prevent obesity in different settings

Scale Mixture of Rayleigh Distribution

In this paper, the scale mixture of Rayleigh (SMR) distribution is introduced. It is proven that this new model, initially defined as the quotient of two independent random variables, can be expressed as a scale mixture of a Rayleigh and a particular Generalized Gamma distribution. Closed expressions are obtained for its pdf, cdf, moments, asymmetry and kurtosis coefficients. Its lifetime analysis, properties and Rényi entropy are studied. Inference based on moments and maximum likelihood (ML) is proposed. An Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is implemented to estimate the parameters via ML. This algorithm is also used in a simulation study, which illustrates the good performance of our proposal. Two real datasets are considered in which it is shown that the SMR model provides a good fit and it is more flexible, especially as for kurtosis, than other competitor models, such as the slashed Rayleigh distribution