Sliding mode control for Antilock Brake System

A Sliding Mode (SM) Block Control is proposed to control an Antilock Brake System (ABS). The control problem is to achieve reference tracking for the slip rate, such that, the friction between tyre and road surface is good enough to control the car. The closed-loop system is robust in presence of matched and unmatched perturbations. To show the performance of the proposed control strategy, a simulation study is carried on, where results show good behavior of the ABS under variations in the road friction.CINVESTAVUniversidad de Guadalajar

Recombinants between Deformed wing virus and Varroa destructor virus-1 may prevail in Varroa destructor-infested honeybee colonies

We have used high-throughput Illumina sequencing to identify novel recombinants between deformed wing virus (DWV) and Varroa destructor virus-1 (VDV-1), which accumulate to higher levels than DWV in both honeybees and Varroa destructor mites. The recombinants, VDV-1VVD and VDV-1DVD, exhibit crossovers between the 5’-untranslated region (5’-UTR), and/or the regions encoding the structural (capsid) and non-structural viral proteins. This implies the genomes are modular and that each region may evolve independently, as demonstrated in human enteroviruses. Individual honeybee pupae were infected with a mixture of observed recombinants and DWV. The strong correlation between VDV-1DVD levels in honeybee pupae and the associated mites was observed, suggesting that this recombinant, with a DWV-derived 5’-UTR and non-structural protein region flanking VDV- 1-derived capsid encoding region, is better adapted to transmission between V. destructor and honeybees than the parental DWV or a recombinant bearing the VDV-1-derived 5’-UTR (VDV-1VVD)

ABS design and active suspension control based on HOSM

This paper tackles the control of a brake assisted with an active suspension. The goal of the paper is ensure an effective braking process improving the vehicle safety in adverse driving conditions. To address this, the wheel slip ratio is kept to a desired value reducing the effective braking distance by designing of a robust tracking controller based on high order sliding modes algorithms, imposing the anti-lock brake system feature. On the other hand, the active suspension problem is carried with a nested backward sliding surface design. The purpose of this control is to improve the driving comfort. To this aim, the designed controller compensate the effects of the unmatched perturbation coming from the road. This controller exploits a high order sliding modes observer, which guarantees theoretically exact state and perturbation estimation. In both cases, a continuous control action drives the state trajectories to the designed sliding manifolds and keeps them there in spite of the matched and unmatched perturbations. The feasibility of the proposed scheme has been exposed via simulations.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaUniversity of Bordeau

Integral Nested Sliding Mode Control for Antilock Brake System

An integral nested Sliding Mode (SM) Control is proposed for an Antilock Brake System (ABS) control problem by employing integral SM and nested SM concepts. This controller has robustness against matched and unmatched perturbations, and the capability to reduce the sliding functions gains. Application to an ABS is presented as a simulationConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaLomonosov Moscow State UniversityUniversidad Autónoma Metropolitana-AzcapotzalcoUniversidad de Guadalajar

Anfibios y Reptiles del Museo de Zoología de la Universidad de Navarra

Se presenta el Catálogo actualizado de la Colección de Anfibios y Reptiles del Museo de Zoología de la Universidad de Navarra. Una pequeña parte de la colección se halla expuesta al público y forma parte del Museo de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad de Navarra. A fecha de edición, la colección completa incluye más de 2500 ejemplares, de los que dos tercios son anfibios. Entre otras, 50 especies ibéricas están representadas en la colección

Game of tops: trends in GBIFs community of users

Building on the development of Biodiversity Informatics, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) undertook the task of enabling access to the world¿s wealth of biodiversity data via the Internet. To date, GBIF has become, in many respects, the most extensive biodiversity information exchange infrastructure in the world, opening up a full range of possibilities for science