Perfeccionismo e desempenho acadêmico em estudantes universitários da Cidade Autônoma de Buenos Aires

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la relación entre los perfiles de perfeccionismo y el desempeño académico en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. El desempeño ha sido operacionalizado a través de las variables promedio académico general percibido, calificación del último examen, cantidad de exámenes adeudados y años de carrera cursados. Participaron en la investigación 465 estudiantes pertenecientes a las carreras de Psicología (52,2%) Ingeniería (26,2%) y Medicina (21,6%). La distribución de la población de estudiantes en los distintos perfiles de perfeccionismo (adaptativo- PA, desadaptativo- PD y no perfeccionistas-NP) se presentó según las predicciones derivadas de la teoría y los estudios previos realizados por nuestro equipo de investigación. Respecto a la relación entre los diferentes perfiles y el desempeño académico, se encontró que los estudiantes con un perfil de PA presentaron un promedio percibido significativamente superior, y una cantidad de exámenes adeudados significativamente menor que los estudiantes de los restantes perfiles. No se evidenciaron diferencias significativas para estas variables entre los sujetos con un perfil de PD y los estudiantes NP. Para las restantes variables no se hallaron diferencias significativas entre los distintos perfiles de perfeccionismo. Se discuten las implicancias de estos hallazgos para futuras investigaciones en el área.The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between perfectionism and academic performance of university graduate students in the City of Buenos Aires. 465 university undergraduates participated in this study: Psychology students (52.2%), Engineering students (26.2%) and Medicine students (21.6%). The resulting scores used to set the different perfectionism profiles (adaptative perfectionists- AP, maladaptive perfectionists- MP, and non perfectionists- NP), are similar to those expected according to current theory and to our previous studies. Regarding the relationship between the different student profiles and their academic performance, it was found that students with an AP profile have a significantly higher average grades than those in the other two groups, and less pending exams. No significant differences were found in average grades between MP and NP. For the remaining variables, no significant differences were found between the different profiles of perfectionism. Implications of these findings for future research in the area are discussed.O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre os perfis de perfeccionismo e o desempenho acadêmico em uma mostra de estudantes universitários da cidade de Buenos Aires. O desempenho foi operacionalizado através das variáveis média acadêmica geral percebida, nota da última prova, quantidade de provas pendentes e anos cursados. Participaram na pesquisa 465 estudantes pertencentes aos cursos de Psicologia (52,2%) Engenharia (26,2%) e Medicina (21,6%). A distribuição da população de estudantes nos diferentes perfis de perfeccionismo (adaptativo- PA, desadaptativo- PD e não perfeccionistas- NP) apresentou-se de acordo com as previsões derivadas da teoria e dos estudos prévios feitos pela nossa equipe de pesquisa. Com respeito à relação entre os diferentes perfis e o desempenho acadêmico, encontrou-se que os estudantes com um perfil de PA apresentaram uma médica percebida significativamente superior, e uma quantidade de provas pendentes significativamente menor que os estudantes dos outros perfis. Não se evidenciaram diferenças significativas para estas variáveis entre os sujeitos com um perfil de PD e os estudantes NP. Para as restantes variáveis não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os diferentes perfis de perfeccionismo. Discutem-se as implicações destes descobrimentos para pesquisas futuras na área.Fil: Arana, Fernán Guido. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Galarregui, Marina Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Miracco, Mariana Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Partarrieu, Andrés Ignacio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: De Rosa, Lorena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Lago, Adriana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Traiber, Liliana Isabel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Nusshold, Patricio Tomas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Rutsztein, Guillermina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; ArgentinaFil: Keegan, Eduardo Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentin

Association between an oxidative balance score and mortality: a prospective analysis in the SUN cohort

We aimed to prospectively investigate the association of an overall oxidative balance score (OBS) with all-cause death and cause-specifc mortality among participants in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Study, a Mediterranean cohort of Spanish graduates. Methods Using baseline information on 12 a priori selected dietary and non-dietary lifestyle pro- and antioxidants exposures—vitamins C and E, β-carotenes, selenium, zinc, heme iron, polyphenols, total antioxidant capacity, body mass index, alcohol, smoking, and physical activity—we constructed an equally weighted OBS categorized into quartiles, with higher scores representing greater antioxidant balance. Cox proportional hazards models were ftted to evaluate the association between the OBS and mortality. Results A total of 18,561 participants (mean [SD] age, 38.5 [12.4] years; 40.8% males) were included in the analysis. During a median follow-up of 12.2 years (interquartile range 8.3–14.9), 421 deaths were identifed, including 80 deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD), 215 from cancer, and 126 from other causes. After adjustment for potential confounders, the hazard ratios and 95% confdence interval (CIs) between the highest quartile (predominance of antioxidants) vs. the lowest quartile (reference category) were 0.35 (95% CI 0.22–0.54, P-trend<0.001) for all-cause mortality, 0.18 (95% CI 0.06–0.51, P-trend=0.001) for CVD mortality, 0.35 (95% CI 0.19–0.65, P-trend=0.002) for cancer mortality, and 0.45 (95% CI 0.20–1.02, P-trend=0.054) for other-cause mortality. Conclusion Our fndings suggest a strong inverse association between the OBS and all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. Individuals exposed to both antioxidant dietary and lifestyle factors may potentially experience the lowest mortality riskOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. The SUN Project has received funding from the Spanish Government-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) (RD 06/0045, CIBER-OBN, Grants PI10/02658, PI10/02293, PI13/00615, PI14/01668, PI14/01798, PI14/01764, PI17/01795, and G03/140), the Navarra Regional Government (27/2011, 45/2011, 122/2014), the Government Delegation for the National Drug Plan (2020/ 021) and the University of Navarra. Maria Soledad Hershey receives ERC traininggrant support (T42 OH008416

Possible metabolic interplay between quality of life and fecal microbiota in a presenior population: Preliminary results

Objectives: The number of people aged 60 y is increasing worldwide, so establishing a relationship between lifestyle and health-associated factors, such as gut microbiota in an older population, is important. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota of a presenior population, and analyze the association between some bacteria and quality of life with the Short Form (SF) 36 questionnaire. Methods: Participants were adult men and women ages 50 to 80 y (n = 74). In addition to the SF-36 question- naire, fecal samples were collected in cryotubes, and 16S RNA gene sequencing was performed to character- ize microbial features. Participants were classified into two groups according to SF-36 punctuation. Linear and logistic regression models were performed to assess the possible association between any bacterial bowl and SF-36 score. Receiver operating characteristics curves were fitted to define the relative diagnostic strength of different bacterial taxa for the correct determination of quality of life. Results: A positive relationship was established between SF-36 score and Actinobacteria (P = 0.0310; R = 0.2510) compared with Peptostreptococcaceae (P = 0.0259; R = 0.2589), which increased with decreasing quality of life. Logistic regressions models and receiver operating characteristics curves showed that the rela- tive abundance of Actinobacteria and Peptostreptococcaceae may be useful to predict quality of life in a prese- nior population (area under the curve: 0.71). Conclusions: Quality of life may be associated with the relative abundance of certain bacteria, especially Acti- nobacteria and Peptostreptococcaceae, which may have a specific effect on certain markers and health care, which is important to improve quality of life in older populations

Interplay of glycemic index, glycemic load, and dietary antioxidant capacity with insulin resistance in subjects with a cardiometabolic risk profile

Background: Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) are accepted indicators of diet quality, which have an effect on diet–disease relationships. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential associations of dietary TAC, GI, and GL with variables related to nutritive status and insulin resistance (IR) risk in cardiometabolic subjects. Methods: A total of 112 overweight or obese adults (age: 50.8 ± 9 years old) were included in the trial. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was also used to calculate the dietary TAC, GI, and GL. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), glycemic and lipid profiles, C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as fatty liver quantification by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed. Results: Subjects with higher values of TAC had significantly lower circulating insulin concentration and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Participants with higher values of HOMA-IR showed significantly higher GI and GL. Correlation analyses showed relevant inverse associations of GI and GL with TAC. A regression model evidenced a relationship of HOMA-IR with TAC, GI, and GL. Conclusion: This data reinforces the concept that dietary TAC, GI, and GL are potential markers of diet quality, which have an impact on the susceptible population with a cardiometabolic risk profile