Background: Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic
load (GL) are accepted indicators of diet quality, which have an effect on diet–disease relationships.
The aim of this study was to evaluate potential associations of dietary TAC, GI, and GL with variables
related to nutritive status and insulin resistance (IR) risk in cardiometabolic subjects. Methods: A total
of 112 overweight or obese adults (age: 50.8 ± 9 years old) were included in the trial. Dietary intake
was assessed by a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was also used
to calculate the dietary TAC, GI, and GL. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, body composition by
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), glycemic and lipid profiles, C-reactive protein (CRP),
as well as fatty liver quantification by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed. Results:
Subjects with higher values of TAC had significantly lower circulating insulin concentration and
homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Participants with higher values of
HOMA-IR showed significantly higher GI and GL. Correlation analyses showed relevant inverse
associations of GI and GL with TAC. A regression model evidenced a relationship of HOMA-IR
with TAC, GI, and GL. Conclusion: This data reinforces the concept that dietary TAC, GI, and GL
are potential markers of diet quality, which have an impact on the susceptible population with a
cardiometabolic risk profile