Gaugino Condensation in the Chiral and Linear Representation of the Dilaton

String effective theories with N=1 supersymmetry in four dimensions are subject of the discussion. Gaugino condensation in the chiral representation of the dilaton is reviewed in the truncated formalism in the $U_{K}(1)$-superspace. Using the supersymmetric duality of the dilaton the same investigation is made in the linear representation of the dilaton. We show that for the simple case of one gaugino condensate the results concerning supersymmtry breaking are independent of the representation of the dilaton.Comment: 16 pagex, latex, no figure

The concept of law: a new methodological approch to Robert Alexy's theory

En este trabajo me propongo clarificar cuál es la idea que subyace a la afirmación de R. Alexy de que el propósito de la Filosofía del Derecho es dar una explicación de la naturaleza del Derecho. En este contexto la pregunta por la naturaleza del Derecho es una pregunta por sus propiedades esenciales, esto es, por sus propiedades necesarias. Identificar cómo se entiende la idea de lo necesario es entonces central. Esta expresión es usada de manera ambigua por Alexy, lo cual impacta en su uso también ambiguo de la expresión «concepto de Derecho». Sugiero que usa la expresión «concepto de Derecho» en dos sentidos, y mantengo que, si esto se tiene en cuenta, se puede identificar mejor la empresa teórica con la cual está en realidad comprometido. Finalmente, señalo una contradicción adicional en sus argumentos cuando afirma que la naturaleza del Derecho sólo puede ser captada desde el punto de vista interno.In this paper I try to make clear R. Alexy’s idea when he says that the purpose of the philosophy of law is to give an explanation of the nature of law. In this context the question about the nature of law is a question about its essential properties, that is, about its necessary properties. To identify how the idea of necessity is understood is thus central. Alexy uses this expression ambiguously, and that impacts his use of the expression «concept of law», which is also ambiguous. I suggest that he uses the expression the «concept of law» in two different senses, and maintain that if that is taken into account, we could better identify which is the theoretical enterprise with which Alexy is really committed. Finally, I notice a further contradiction in his argument when he affirms that the nature of law can be captured only from the perspective of the participants of the legal practice

The Populist Interpretation of American History: A Materialist Revision

A materialist criticism of the interpretation of American history offered by Charles A. Beard finds that both the strengths and the weaknesses of the Progressive — or rather Populist — historians can be deduced from their character as intellectual representatives of the old middle class of petty proprietors. This class was especially influential in American history due to the presence of the "frontier," the petit-bourgeois regime of landed property, and the special character of American class coalitions. The way out of the current impasse in American historical studies is to develop a materialist interpretation of American history having the peculiarities of U. S. capitalist development as its central theme and drawing on the insights provided by the Populist historians and their New Left critics

Massive rectorhagia in a rural hospital in Kenya

A young female patient presented to our hospital for massive rectorrhagia associated with clinical signs of peritonitis. The provisional diagnosis was of sigmoid volvolus, but laparatomy demonstrated that the problem originated from Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). Despite prompt and uncomplicated surgery the patient did not survive, probably because of septicaemia or pulmonary embolism

Text production in undergraduate education : functional and cognitive complexities

This work explores the functional and cognitive complexities involved in written text production in undergraduate education. The objects of analysis are texts produced in the Grammar II course by students in the teaching, translation and research-oriented English study programs at Facultad de Lenguas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Although the study has been carried out in a foreign language and in a specific field, it has been based on the belief that many of the problems observed are also present in texts produced in other disciplines and in the L1. Drawing on the theoretical and methodological tools of the ‘Sydney School’ (Martin & Rose, 2008; Rose & Martin, 2012), which relies on the general conceptual framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) (Halliday, 1985; Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014), the study analyzes the structuring of knowledge in students’ texts and the contextual appropriateness of the organization of information in those texts. After this empirical stage, the work shows that although the SFL theory can account for the functional and some of the cognitive complexities involved in disciplinary written text production, it seems not to fully explain how knowledge becomes available for the production of effective texts, i.e. texts that respond to the demands of new contexts. Finally, it suggests a possible articulation of this framework with a cognitive theory of knowledge development known as Representational Redescription (RR) (Karmiloff-Smith, 1992, 2002, 2006), which explains how representations become restructured, manipulable and available to be meaningfully used in new contexts. The dialogue between these two theoretical perspectives is expected to provide insights that should lead to a deeper understanding of disciplinary writing in undergraduate education and enrich pedagogical interventions in content-oriented literacy

The Purpose of Legal Theory: Some Problems with Joseph Raz's View

This article seeks to clarify Joseph Raz's contention that the task of the legal theorist is to explain the nature of law, rather than the concept of law. For Raz, to explain the nature of law is to explain the necessary properties that constitute it, those which if absent law would cease to be what it is. The first issue arises regarding his ambiguous usage of the expression "necessary property". Concurrently Raz affirms that the legal theorist has the following tasks: (a) explain the essential properties of that which the concept of law refers to, which exists independently from any concept of law; (b) explain the essential properties of law given our concept of law. After trying to dissolve the ambiguity of Raz's argument, I conclude that based on his methodological commitments the only possible task for a legal philosopher would be conceptual analysis, understood as the task of explaining our concept of law.Fil: Gaido, Paula Marina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentin

Marxismo y marginalismo en la socialdemocracia alemana (1892-1912)

La referencia usual acerca de los debates entre los proponentes de la teoría marxista del valor por el trabajo y los representantes de la nueva teoría subjetiva del valor, también conocida como escuela marginalista, es el libro de Nikolai Bujarin La economía política del rentista, escrito en 1914. Sin embargo, este libro representa la culminación de más de dos décadas de polémicas entre los teóricos marxistas y los representantes de la teoría de la utilidad marginal. En esta ponencia nos proponemos rescatar los debates que tuvieron lugar sobre la teoría el valor (particularmente los trabajos de Conrad Schmidt sobre la escuela austríaca, de Parvus sobre Eugen von Böhm‐Bawerk, y de Gustav Eckstein sobre Josef Schumpeter) en el seno de la socialdemocracia alemana y austríaca durante el período que va desde la última década del siglo XIX hasta el estallido de la primera guerra mundial en 1914.Fil: Gaido, Daniel Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentin

Some Problems with Robert Alexy's Account of Legal Validity: The Relevance of the Participant's Perspective

This article examines Robert Alexy's account of legal validity. It concludes that Alexy's account of legal validity lacks sufficient support given the author's methodological commitments. To reach that conclusion, it assesses the plausibility of simultaneously maintaining that the participant's perspective has conceptual privilege in the explanation of the nature of law, that legal discourse is a special case of general practical discourse, and that unjust considerations can be legally valid norms.Fil: Gaido, Paula Marina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentin

Paul Levi and the Origins of German Communism: the KPD and the Roots of the United Front Policy (January 1919-March 1921)

Este trabajo evalúa el accionar político de Paul Levi, el heredero político de Rosa Luxemburg, quien condujo al Partido Comunista alemán (KPD) desde la muerte de Rosa Luxemburg y Karl Liebknecht, en enero de 1919, hasta poco antes del putsch conocido como la "acción de marzo" de 1921, dos años durante los cuales Levi consiguió transformar al KPD en un partido obrero revolucionario de 350.000 miembros. Intentaremos demostrar, mediante el análisis de documentos primarios en alemán e inglés, que la política de Frente Único fue adoptada por la Internacional Comunista a instancias del KPD, cuyo aporte al desarrollo de la táctica de la Internacional Comunista fue enfatizado por el propio Lenin. La comprensión de estos procesos es fundamental para entender la evolución de la revolución alemana, que se extendió desde noviembre de 1918 hasta octubre de 1923, y cuyo fracaso eventual fue la causa última de la degeneración estalinista de la revolución rusa y de la Internacional Comunista.This paper evaluates the political activity of Paul Levi, the political heir of Rosa Luxemburg, who led the German Communist Party (KPD) from the death of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht in January 1919 until shortly before the putsch known as the “March Action” of 1921, two years during which Levi managed to transform the KPD into a revolutionary workers’ party with 350,000 members. We will attempt to demonstrate, with the help of primary sources in German and English, that the United Front policy was adopted by the Communist International at the initiative of the KPD, whose contribution to the development of the tactics of the International Communist was emphasized by Lenin himself. An understanding of these processes is essential for the analysis of the German Revolution, which lasted from November 1918 to October 1923, and whose eventual failure was the ultimate cause of the Stalinist degeneration of the Russian revolution and the Communist International.Fil: Gaido, Daniel Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudio sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentin

Creating Business Improvement Districts in Chile: Commercial District Strengthening Pilot Program

Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) have been used as an instrument to revitalize, strengthen and recover commercial districts in cities in North America for several decades. In May 2015, the Chilean government started a pilot program: Commercial District Enhancement Program (Fortalecimiento de Barrios Comerciales, FBC), which aims to implement BIDs in several cities. The BID model is based on an increase in property taxes to generate extra revenues that are appointed to provide or complement services such as sanitation, security, and marketing in a particular district. Based on data collected through interviews and using NYC as a point of comparison, this thesis analyzed the approach of the Chilean BID model in order to inform key issues, such as the need for strong associations, access to permanent revenues, and services provided. Notwithstanding, results show the Chilean pilot program is it currently stands to be unsuccessful; the program is not designed to address the long-term goal economically sustainable commercial districts