Młodsza epoka brązu i początki epoki żelaza na ziemi chełmińskiej w świetle oceny wybranych znalezisk wyrobów metalowych

The article presents selected finds, both previously discovered and recent ones made of metal (bronze and iron), originating from Chełmno land and related with the settlement of the Lusatian population in the Younger Bronze Age and at the beginning of the Iron Age. Due to the discovery of several casting workshops and other traces of local bronze production, it is possible to assume that a certain selection of ornaments, weapons and tools was produced locally. However, the stylistic and utility models were always of supra-regional origin, for which many analogies can be found in the area of Kuyavia, Greater Poland and Silesia. Similar provenance has been noticed for iron objects discussed in the research.abstrak

Seismic Behaviour of Cable-Stayed Bridges: A Review

Cable-stayed bridges represent backbones in the infrastructure networks and their adequate seismic response must be ensured. These structures present complex interactions between the deck, the cables, the towers and their foundation. This, in combination with the reduced damping and the outstanding slenderness of cable-stayed bridges, renders a unique dynamic response. A complete review on the state of knowledge about the seismic behaviour of cable-stayed bridges is presented here, with special attention to the analysis techniques. The current design trends in the seismic design and control of cable-stayed bridges are also presented

Oxidation products of 5-methyl cytosine are decreased in senescent cells and tissues of progeroid mice

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-formylcytosine are stable DNA base modifications generated from 5-methylcytosine by the ten-eleven translocation protein family that function as epigenetic markers. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil may also be generated from thymine by ten-eleven translocation enzymes. Here, we asked if these epigenetic changes accumulate in senescent cells, since they are thought to be inversely correlated with proliferation. Testing this in ERCC1-XPF-deficient cells and mice also enabled discovery if these DNA base changes are repaired by nucleotide excision repair. Epigenetic marks were measured in proliferating, quiescent and senescent wild-type (WT) and Ercc1−/− primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The pattern of epigenetic marks depended more on the proliferation status of the cells than their DNA repair capacity. The cytosine modifications were all decreased in senescent cells compared to quiescent or proliferating cells, whereas 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxyuridine was increased. In vivo, both 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxyuridine and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxycytidine were significantly increased in liver tissues of aged WT mice compared to young adult WT mice. Livers of Ercc1-deficient mice with premature senescence and aging had reduced level of 5-(hydroxymethyl)- 2′-deoxycytidine and 5-formyl-2′-deoxycytidine compared to aged-matched WT controls. Taken together, we demonstrate for the first time, that 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2′-deoxycytidine is significantly reduced in senescent cells and tissue, potentially yielding a novel marker of senescence

Frames of Wall Street – How America’s Candidates Perceived Financial Markets During the Presidential Campaign in 2016 – Reconnaissance

In this article, the author presents the concept of framing and analyzes various frames of Wall Street which occurred during the 2016 presidential elections in presidential candidates’ statements. Referring to Robert M. Entman (1993), the author of the article comments on how presidential candidates were perceiving Wall Street (the role, function and challenges) during the 2016 presidential campaign in the United States and, ipso facto, trying to set in public discourse, through media, using specific frames of capital market. What kind of frames did they use when they were discussing about financial markets in the campaign? Thanks to such sources like Investopedia.com or Ballotopedia.org, the author has gathered and analysed several (almost 80) presidential candidates’ speeches and statements dedicated to Wall Street. The author came to the main conclusion that almost each of the presidential candidates proposed to media and, in consequence to voters, mostly negative perception of Wall Street by using – according to Russell Neuman, Marion R. Just and Ann Crigler (1992) as well as Holli Semetko and Patti Valkenburg (2002) – "conflict", "attribution of responsibility", "morality" and "economic consequences" frames

Will the EU survive without public service media?

Report made ​​for the Second European Forum for New Ideas - 26-28 September 2012 - PKPP Lewiatan - for a panel dedicated to public broadcasters in EUTOMASZ Gackowsk

Bandwagon effect siłą sondażokracji. Po co mediom sondaże w okresie międzywyborczym?

Bandwagon effect. Po co mediom sondaże w okresie międzywyborczym Sondaże poparcia politycznego stanowią jeden z głównych punktów odniesienia nie tylko w okresie kampanii wyborczej. Opiniotwórcze media sięgają po wyniki badań opinii publicznej również w okresie międzywyborczym. Artykuł jest próbą udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie,w jaki sposób i w jakim celu polskie dzienniki prestiżowe cytują na swoich łamach wyniki sondaży w okresie pozawyborczym. Z tej perspektywy pytania o zjawisko „sondażokracji” zyskują na znaczeniu, natomiast syndrom „owczego pędu” (ang. bandwagon effect) wcale niemusi udzielać się tylko wyborcom i tylko w kampanii wyborczej.Public opinion polls of candidates are one of the main points of reference for media, not only during the election campaign. Opinion-forming media look to public opinion poll results also during the inter-election period. The articles attempts to answer the question as to how and why do Polish prestigious dailies cite the results of opinion polls in the post-election period. From this perspective the phenomenon of „surveycracy” gains meaning, with the bandwagon effect affecting not only voters and not only during the election campaign.TOMASZ Gackowsk

O wyzwaniach dla polskiego medioznawstwa w kontekście aksjologii, profesjonalizmu dziennikarskiego, metodologii badań oraz tożsamości dziennikarskiej

Artykuł powstał na kanwie przemyśleń poczynionych w trakcie lektury najnowszej monografii prof. Jacka Dąbały pt. Media i dziennikarstwo. Aksjologia – warsztat – tożsamość, Universitas, Kraków 2014. Tekst z jednej strony ma charakter recenzji, z drugiej zaś polemiki, a nawet swoistego rozwinięcia określonych problemów, które zaciekawiły piszącego te słowa. W tym kontekście niniejszy artykuł dotyka takich kwestii, jak aksjologia współczesnych mediów oraz obecne w nich antywartości, telegeniczność prezenterów-dziennikarzy i jej konsekwencje dla recepcji przekazów audiowizualnych przez odbiorców mass mediów, współczesny warsztat dziennikarski, jego potencjały oraz ograniczenia, funkcja teologii w przekazach medialnych, profesjonalizm dziennikarski i największe współczesne zagrożenia dla niego, metody badania przekazów audiowizualnych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem podejścia fenomenologicznego, wreszcie tożsamość dziennikarska jako konstrukt poznawczy, mechanizm operacyjny odbiorcy mediów oraz przedmiot badań medioznawczych. Niniejszy tekst należy traktować jako głos w dyskusji rozpoczętej przez prof. Jacka Dąbałę na temat ważkich kwestii, nie zawsze jednak dostrzeganych przez polskie środowisko medioznawcze.The chalenges for the polish media studies in the context of axiology, journalistic professionalism, research methodology and the identity of journalists considerations on the Canvas newestlatest monograph prof. Jacek Dąbała Summary This article was written under the influence of reflections made in the course of reading the latest monograph of prof. Jacek Dąbała titled: Media and Journalism. Axiology – workshop – Identity, ed. Universitas, Cracow 2014. Text on the one hand seems to be a review, on the other hand it is polemics, in which writing these words decided to even develop a kind of specific problems that interested him. In this context, this article touches on issues such as the axiology of the media and now these anti-values , telegenity of presenters/journalists and its consequences for reception by the public of mass media, contemporary journalistic workshop, its capabilities and limitations, the function of theology in the media, journalistic professionalism and the greatest contemporary threats to him, the study of audiovisual methods with particular emphasis on the phenomenological approach, and finally the identity of the journalist as a cognitive construct, the operating mechanism of the mass media’s recipients and the subject of media research media studies. This text should be treated as a voice in the discussion, initiated by prof. Jacek Dąbała on ponderable issues which are not always perceived by the Polish media experts.TOMASZ Gackowsk