Avaliação nutricional de lactentes hospitalizados

This work investigated the body weight evolution according to prescribed or accepted dietetic caloric value, in children with diarrhea or bronchopneumonia, admitted at Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco, Brazil. The proportions of children who increased or did not increase body weight were evaluated as a function of the prescribed caloric quota (PCQ) and the accepted caloric quota (ACQ) that attained the ideal caloric quota (ICQ) during hospitalization. 46% children lost or maintained the weight during the two first days. A higher frequency of increased weight was observed when PCQ or ACQ attained the ICQ, as well as in breast feeding children. Therefore, this study confirmed the relationship between low caloric values offered or accepted with a deficient body weight evolution.Investigou-se a evolução ponderal, conforme o valor das quotas calóricas de dietas prescritas (QCP) e aceitas (QCA) de lactentes internados por diarréia ou broncopnemonia no Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco, Brasil. A proporção de crianças que ganharam ou não ganharam peso foi avaliada em função das QCP E QCA que atingiram as quotas calóricas ideais (QCI) durante o internamento, verificando-se que 46% das crianças perderam ou mantiveram o peso nos dois primeiros dias. Houve maior freqüência de ganho de peso associado às QCP e QCA que atingiram as QCI, bem como entre as crianças amamentadas. Concluiu-se existir deficiente evolução ponderal relacionada às baixas quotas calóricas oferecidas ou aceitas durante a hospitalização

Posturographic measures did not improve the predictive power to identify recurrent falls in communitydwelling elderly fallers

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate if posturography can be considered a recurrent fall predictor in elderly individuals. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 124 subjects aged 60 to 88 years were evaluated and divided into two groups—the recurrent fallers (89) and single fallers (35) groups. Patients’ sociodemographic characteristics were assessed, and clinical testing was performed. The functional test assessment instruments used were timed up and go test (TUGT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), five times sit-to-stand test, and Falls Efficacy Scale (to measure fear of falling). Static posturography was performed in a force platform in the following three different situations—eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC), and EO dual task. RESULTS: There were significant differences between the single and recurrent fallers groups regarding the fear of falling, the Geriatric Depression Scale score, the mean speed calculated from the total displacement of the center point of pressure (COP) in all directions with EO, and the root mean square of the displacement from the COP in the mediolateral axis with EC. Based on the hierarchical logistic regression model, none of the studied posturographic variables was capable of significantly increasing the power of differentiation between the recurrent and single fallers groups. Only TUGT with a cognitive distractor (po0.05) and the BBS (po0.01) presented with significant independent predictive power. CONCLUSION: TUGT with a cognitive distractor and the BBS were considered recurrent fall predictors in elderly fallers

Reactive Distillation Applied to Biodiesel Production by Esterification: Simulation Studies

Reactive distillation is an operation that combines chemical reaction and separation in a single equipment, presenting various technical and economic benefits. In this chapter, an introduction to the reactive distillation process applied to the biodiesel industry was developed and complemented by case studies regarding the production of biodiesel through esterification a low-cost acid feedstock (corn distillers oil) and valorization of by-products (glycerol) through ketalization. The kinetic parameters of both reactions were estimated with an algorithm that performs the minimization of the quadratic differences between experimental and calculated data through a Nelder-Mead simplex method. A 4th order Runge Kutta method was employed to integrate the conversion or concentration equations used to describe the kinetics of the reactions in a batch reactor. Both processes were simulated in the commercial software Aspen Plus with the estimated kinetic parameters. The results obtained are promising and indicate that the productivity of both processes can be improved with the application of reactive distillation technologies. The simulated esterification process with an optimized column resulted in a fatty acids conversion increase of 84% in comparison to the values lower than 50% obtained in the experimental tests. Solketal production through ketalization also achieved a high glycerol conversion superior to 98%

VENENO DA Bothrops jararacussu: DA TOXICIDADE AO POTENCIAL FARMACOLÓGICO

A Jararacuçu (Bothrops jararacussu) é uma víbora bastante venenosa e perigosa, sendo a 2ª maior serpente peçonhenta do Brasil. O presente estudo tem como objetivo, realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre o mecanismo tóxico, manifestações clínicas e o potencial farmacológico do veneno da Bothrops jararacussu. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter descritivo, de revisão sistemática. Realizado no período de março a maio de 2022, utilizando-se as bases de dados SCIELO e PUBMED. As palavras chaves para busca foram: Bothrops jararacussu e jararacuçu. Incluídos artigos publicados em 2018 a 2022, nos idiomas português e inglês e excluídos artigos repetidos, preprint e que não tinham correlação. Após a seleção dos artigos as informações foram organizadas em tabelas. No presente estudo foram incluídos 14 artigos. Os artigos demonstram potenciais farmacológicos de substâncias isoladas do veneno da B. jararacussu. O veneno de serpentes envolve uma complexa mistura de substâncias orgânicas e inorgânicas. Nas espécies de jararacas, especificamente, tem-se mais de 20 peptídeos e proteínas farmacologicamente ativos e envolvidos nos sintomas tóxicos de acidentes com esses animais. Em estudos foram observadas atividades farmacológicas das substâncias isoladas do veneno da B. jararacussu. Concluímos que substâncias presentes no veneno da espécie Bothrops jararacussu apresentam potencial farmacológico para o tratamento de diversas doenças, entre elas, alguns tipos celulares de cânceres, atividade antileishmania, antimicrobiana e candidata ao tratamento para o combate a COVID-19

Are sEMG, velocity and power influenced by athletes’ fixation in paralympic powerlifting?

The bench press is performed in parapowerlifting with the back, shoulders, buttocks, legs and heels extended over the bench, and the use of straps to secure the athlete to the bench is optional. Thus, the study evaluated muscle activation, surface electromyography (sEMG), maximum velocity (MaxV) and mean propulsive velocity (MPV), and power in paralympic powerlifting athletes under conditions tied or untied to the bench. Fifteen experienced Paralympic powerlifting male athletes (22.27 10.30years, 78.5 21.6kg)tookpartintheresearch. The sEMGmeasurementwasperformed in the sternal portion of the pectoralis major (PMES), anterior deltoid (AD), long head of the triceps brachii (TRI) and clavicular portion of the pectoralis major (PMCL). The MaxV, MPV and power were evaluated using an encoder. Loads of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% 1RM were analyzed under untied and tied conditions. No differences were found in muscle activation between the tied and untied conditions; however, sEMG showed differences in the untied condition between AD and TRI (F (3112) = 4.484; p = 0.005) in the 100% 1RM load, between PMCL and AD (F (3112) = 3.743; p = 0.013) in 60%1RMloadandinthetied condition, between the PMES and the AD (F (3112) = 4.067; p = 0.009). There were differences in MaxV (F (3112) = 213.3; p < 0.001), and MPV (F (3112) = 248.2; p < 0.001), between all loads in the tied and untied condition. In power, the load of 100% 1RM differed from all other relative loads (F (3112) = 36.54; p < 0.001) in both conditions. The tied condition seems to favor muscle activation, sEMG, and velocity over the untied condition.9E1A-F9DD-3EB8 | Filipe Manuel ClementeN/

Resistance exercise with blood flow restriction elicits perceptual responses similar to high-load resistance exercise in women with type 2 diabetes: a crossover and randomized study

Introduction: Physical training with blood flow restriction (BFR) may provide health benefits for people with diabetes. However, the negative effects cannot be overlooked. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the acute effect of resistance exercise BFR on the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and subjective perception of pain in untrained women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: Ten untrained women with T2DM (56.9 ± 7.4 years; diagnostic time: 10.6 ± 4.1 years) participated in this study. Participants attended a local gym for four non-consecutive days. Initially, predictive values of one maximum repetition (1RM) and arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) were measured. In random order, second, third, and fourth visits were allocated to the following: high-load (HL) exercise (65% 1RM; three sets of 10 repetitions), low-load (LL) exercise (20% of 1RM; three sets of 15 repetitions), and LL exercise with BFR (LL+BFR) (20% 1RM; three sets of 15 repetitions; 50% of AOP). RPE and pain perception were assessed immediately after each set. RPE increased significantly over the sets for all exercise protocols (p<0.05). The perception of pain increased significantly throughout the sets only in the HL and LL+BFR exercise protocols (p<0.05). LL+BFR and HL exercises showed similar RPE values and pain perception, but significantly higher than the LL exercise (p<0.05). We conclude that LL resistance exercise with BFR promotes perceptual responses similar to traditional HL exercise in untrained women with T2DM

Lipedema e caracteristicas relevantes: revisão de literatura

Introdução: O lipedema, recentemente introduzido na 11ª revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças. Estima-se que metade das pessoas acometidas pelo lipedema, estejam em sobrepeso ou com obesidade, sendo uma associação de comorbidades que dificulta o diagnóstico. O diagnóstico errôneo é preocupante, pois atrasa o tratamento da doença permitindo a sua progressão. Objetivo: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura (RIL) com objetivo de analisar o que se tem construído em pesquisas anteriores relacionadas ao lipedema. Metodologia: A busca dos artigos científicos foram os disponibilizados nos Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Os artigos constassem os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) com as palavras: lipedema and procedimento and cirurgia and mulher, e que fossem revisados por pares, nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa. a partir da aplicação dos critérios previamente definidos O período de busca foi realizado nos meses de maio a agosto de 2023. Resultados e Discussão: Foram elegíveis 12 artigos. A análise dos artigos encontrados possibilitou a evidente necessidade de conhecimento e clareza no diagnóstico do lipedema. As mulheres são as mais afetadas pela doença. A área afetada pode incluir os quadris, as pernas bilateral e simetricamente. E uma das principais características distintivas do lipedema é a preservação dos pés, o que pode criar um degrau distinto no tornozelo. Assim, a importância do diagnóstico diferencial. O procedimento cirúrgico como tratamento apresentou melhores resultados. Entretanto, a associação de todos os tratamentos sobressaiu na qualidade de melhora dos aspectos do lipedema. Conclusão: Essa revisão apontou para o complexo&nbsp; diagnóstico do lipedema.&nbsp; Esse assunto persiste como um desafio e deve instigar mais pesquisadores na busca para um diagnóstico preciso, opções de tratamento e até mesmo no sentido de prevenção para satisfazer a população assistida, no caso a maioria são as mulheres.&nbsp; A melhor opção indicada pelos estudos analisados foi o tratamento cirúrgico realizado pela lipoaspiração

Chemical Composition and Validation of the Ethnopharmacological Reported Antimicrobial Activity of the Body Fat of Phrynops geoffroanus

Background. Phrynops geoffroanus is a small turtle that inhabits lakes, rivers, and streams throughout South America. The body fat of this animal is used as a folk medicine in Brazil for treating illnesses such as sore throats, ear aches, mumps, rheumatism, and arthritis. The present study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of oil extracted from Phrynops geoffroanus (OPG), determined its chemical composition, and discussed the implications of its use in traditional medicine. The OPG was obtained from the ventral region of this turtle using hexane as a solvent. The antimicrobial activity of OPG was tested against standard and multiresistance strains of bacteria and fungi and its composition was determined indirectly by analyzing the methyl esters of the component fatty acids. The OPG presented a clinically relevant antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 (MIC 128 µg/mL). When the OPG was associated with the antibacterial and antifungal drugs, was observed a synergistic effect when associated the OPG with the gentamicin against the strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa 22. Our results indicated that OPG has clinically relevant antifungal activity against C. krusei, and demonstrated synergetic antibacterial activity in combination with commercial antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa