Breakfast characteristics and its association with daily micronutrients intake in children and adolescents–a systematic review and meta-analysis

Breakfast is an important source of key nutrients in the diet. For this reason, the aim of this review was to investigate the associations between breakfast consumption and daily micronutrients intake in both children and adolescents (aged 2–18 years). A peer-reviewed systematic search was conducted in three datasets (PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library) in February 2020 in English and Spanish. Two independent reviewers evaluated 3188 studies considering the AXIS critical appraisal and PRISMA methodologies. Meta-analysis was carried out comparing results according to type of breakfast consumed (Ready to eat cereals (RTEC) breakfast or other types of breakfast) and breakfast skipping. Thirty-three articles were included in the systematic review (SR) and 7 in the meta-analysis. In the SR, we observed that those children and adolescents who usually consume RTEC at breakfast had a higher consumption of B-vitamins than those not consuming RTEC at breakfast. Breakfast consumers had a higher mineral intake (iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and iodine) than breakfast skippers. In the Meta-Analysis, RTEC consumers had significantly higher vitamin C intake than breakfast skippers (SMD, -4.12; 95% confidence intervals (CI): -5.09, -3.16). Furthermore, those children who usually consume breakfast had significantly higher daily intake of calcium than breakfast skippers (SMD, -7.03; 95%CI: -9.02, -5.04). Our review proposes that breakfast consumption seems to be associated with higher daily micronutrients intake than breakfast skippers

Quinta evaluación de genotipos de espárrago en invernadero y respuesta a técnicas de envasado

El espárrago es una hortaliza perecedera, que en Argentina se requiere extender el período de oferta y optimizar su productividad y presentación, imple-mentando diferentes estrategias como la comercialización de turiones cortos y el empleo de bolsas y bandejas de IV Gama. A tal fin, se realizó un ensayo con el objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento (5º año), de los genotipos italianos Ítalo, Zeno, Eros y Ercole, versus UC-157, norteamericano, como testigo. Se estudiaron diferencias en t totales y comerciales, Nº turiones totales y comerciales y distribución de calibres y defectos encontrados (turiones espigados y cortos). Se obtuvieron 578015 turiones.ha-1 totales, siendo la producción comercial/cosecha: 59 kg.ha-1. En pos-cosecha, se evaluó la evolución del peso fresco y tres tipos de envasado: atados, bandejas y bolsas para turiones cortos. El híbrido Ítalo presentó mejor adaptación para primicia. Sobre la evolución productiva, se encontró que es posible adelantar el período de cosecha un mes comparado con la producción a campo. Además se recomienda cosechar diariamente el cultivo para evitar turiones espigados. En poscosecha se consideró la conveniencia del empleo de la técnica de IV Gama, mediante la utilización de bolsas o bandejas, para la optimización de la calidad del producto final y para extender la vida de anaquel. De esta forma se demostró la importancia de una adecuada planificación que incluye la elección criteriosa del híbrido y el acondicionamiento y presentación del producto final.Asparagus is a perishable vegetable that in Argentina requires its period of supply to be extended and the optimisation of its productivity and presentation, implementing different strategies such as the presentation of short spears (turions) and the use of bags and trays for Category IV products. To this end, the behaviour of the genotypes Ítalo, Zeno, Eros and Ercole, of Italian origin, versus UC-157, from the USA, as a control, was evaluated in the fifth year of productivity. Differences in the following characters were studied: total and commercial spear yield, number of total and commercial spears, calibre distribution and the proportion of defects observed (spiked and short spears). The following mean values were obtained: 578015 spears.ha-1, with a commercial production of 59 kg.ha-1. In postharvest, the evolution of fresh weight was evaluated, plus the influence of three types of packaging: tied bundles, trays and bags for short spears. The hybrid Ítalo demonstrated superior behaviour for primary production performance. Regarding production evolution, it was shown that it is possible to forward the harvest period by one month compared to field production. Additionally, daily harvesting is recommended in the glasshouse to avoid spiked spears. In postharvest the desirability of using bags and trays for Category IV was considered, in order to optimise the quality of the final product and to extend shelf-life. By these means, the importance of adequate planning before crop planting, including judicious choice of hybrid and the conditioning and presentation of the final product, was demonstrated.Fil: Giménez Azara C.. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Castagnino A.M.. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Karina Elizabeth. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Tarantino, M.B.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; ArgentinaFil: Rogers, William John. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnolológico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología. Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentin

Bathyal megabenthic assemblages in the SE Iberian Peninsula (Western Mediterranean Sea)

The Iberian SE is an interesting transition and connectivity zone between the Alboran Sea and the Algerian-Balearic basin. It hosts important deep water fisheries targeting mostly red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus). The area comprises a complex system of tectonic canyons (Mazarron Escarpment), seamounts, knolls and hills (Palos, Planazo, Plis-Plas), and pockmark fields (Acosta et al., 2013). Few studies have been conducted on the bathyal megabenthos, unlike in the neighbouring Chella Bank (De la Torriente et al. 2018) and Balearic Islands (Massuti et al. 2022). The LIFE IP Intemares project is filling this gap

Bathyal megabenthic assemblages in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula (Western Mediterranean)

The SE Iberian sector represents an interesting transition and connectivity zone between the Alboran Sea and the Algerian Balearic basin, and the area comprises a system of tectonic canyons (Mazarron Escarpment), seamounts and pockmarks fields. Despite this, relatively few studies have been conducted on the bathyal zone. During the LIFE IP Intemares A2.2-Mu0820 survey, the continental slope was observed by ROV Liropus-2000, between 183 and 1735m depth following bathymetric mapping using a multibeam echosounder. A combination of multivariate analysis of still imagery and video groundtruthing have been able to discriminate some megabenthic assemblages. On hard bottoms of the upper bathyal horizon: i) Neopycnodonte cochear-Mergelia truncata facies, 193-244m depth; ii) Ellisella flagellum facies, 2441-320m; iii) Antipathes dichotoma facies, 259-270m. Middle horizon: i) Demospongiae facies (Pachastrella, Phakellia, Aaptos…), 241-494m; ii) gorgonian assemblage (Callogorgia, Paramuricea, Placogorgia), 294-624m; iii) Leptometra phalangium facies 293-611m; iv) cold-water corals (Desmophyllum, Madrepora), 516-607m; Antipatharia facies (Antipathella, Leiopathes, Parantipathes), 519-624m. Lower bathyal horizon:; Dicopia antirrhinum facies, 645-1167m. On soft bottoms (mud, sandy-mud) of the upper bathyal horizon: i) Ceriantharia facies, 213-219m depth. Middle horizon: i) Pennatulacea facies (Funiculina, Kophobelemnon, Pteroeides…), 219-541m; ii) Thenea muricata facies, 418-814m; iii) Isidella elongata facies, 462-681m. Lower horizon: i) Pelosina fields, 235-1321m. The results reveals that the bathyal zone of the SE Iberian Peninsula is topographically complex and harbours diverse benthic assemblages, some of which fall within the category of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems; and some species are listed in annex II of the RAC/SPA list of endangered or threatened species

Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems found in a bathyal zone off the SE Iberian Peninsula (Western Mediterranean)

The Spanish Intemares LIFE IP project contemplates the creation of Special Areas of Conservation within the Natura 2000 Network. During its August 2019 cruise, a series of towed sledge transects were conducted on two seamounts (“Planazo” and “Plis Plas”) and a muddy field of pockmarks, both located in areas off the SE Iberian Peninsula (Western Mediterranean), between 220 and 694m depth. The prospected area has a significant pressure from bottom trawl (directed towards Aristeus antennatus, Nephrops norvegicus, Plesionika spp.) and, to a smaller extent, of bottom longline fisheries (focused on Merluccius merluccius and Pagellus bogaraveo). Some of the observed bathyal habitats fall into the category of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VME), according to FAO (2009, 2016), since they present at least one of the following characteristics: i) uniqueness or rarity; ii) functional significance of habitat; iii) fragility; iv) life history traits of component species that make recovery difficult; and/or v) structural complexity. Among them, “gorgonian gardens” (of Paramuricea hirsuta, Callogorgia verticillata, Bebryce mollis, Swiftia pallida, and Ellisella flagellum) and the yellow tree coral (Dendrophyllia cornigera) highlight rocky bottoms; while on muddy substrates, sea-pen fields (Funiculina quadrangularis and Kophobelemnon stelliferum) and “bamboo coral gardens” (Isidella elongata) do so. These habitats, along with fields of the crinoid Leptometra phalangium, are also considered Essential Habitats for target species of fishing interest. The location, mapping and characterization of these habitats are necessary to establish “no-take” zones within the future management plan for the area studied

Origin of the submillimeter radio emission during the time-extended phase of a solar flare

Solar flares observed in the 200-400 GHz radio domain may exhibit a slowly varying and time-extended component which follows a short (few minutes) impulsive phase and which lasts for a few tens of minutes to more than one hour. The few examples discussed in the literature indicate that such long-lasting submillimeter emission is most likely thermal bremsstrahlung. We present a detailed analysis of the time-extended phase of the 2003 October 27 (M6.7) flare, combining 1-345 GHz total-flux radio measurements with X-ray, EUV, and H{\alpha} observations. We find that the time-extended radio emission is, as expected, radiated by thermal bremsstrahlung. Up to 230 GHz, it is entirely produced in the corona by hot and cool materials at 7-16 MK and 1-3 MK, respectively. At 345 GHz, there is an additional contribution from chromospheric material at a few 10^4 K. These results, which may also apply to other millimeter-submillimeter radio events, are not consistent with the expectations from standard semi-empirical models of the chromosphere and transition region during flares, which predict observable radio emission from the chromosphere at all frequencies where the corona is transparent.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figure

First Assessment of the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Global Marine Recreational Fisheries

This work is the result of an international research effort to determine the main impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on marine recreational fishing. Changes were assessed on (1) access to fishing, derived from lockdowns and other mobility restrictions; (2) ecosystems, because of alterations in fishing intensity and human presence; (3) the blue economy, derived from alterations in the investments and expenses of the fishers; and (4) society, in relation to variations in fishers’ health and well-being. For this, a consultation with experts from 16 countries was carried out, as well as an international online survey aimed at recreational fishers, that included specific questions designed to capture fishers’ heterogeneity in relation to behavior, skills and know-how, and vital involvement. Fishers’ participation in the online survey (5,998 recreational fishers in 15 countries) was promoted through a marketing campaign. The sensitivity of the fishers’ clustering procedure, based on the captured heterogeneity, was evaluated by SIMPER analysis and by generalized linear models. Results from the expert consultation highlighted a worldwide reduction in marine recreational fishing activity. Lower human-driven pressures are expected to generate some benefits for marine ecosystems. However, experts also identified high negative impacts on the blue economy, as well as on fisher health and well-being because of the loss of recreational fishing opportunities. Most (98%) of the fishers who participated in the online survey were identified as advanced, showing a much higher degree of commitment to recreational fishing than basic fishers (2%). Advanced fishers were, in general, more pessimistic about the impacts of COVID-19, reporting higher reductions in physical activity and fish consumption, as well as poorer quality of night rest, foul mood, and raised more concerns about their health status. Controlled and safe access to marine recreational fisheries during pandemics would provide benefits to the health and well-being of people and reduce negative socioeconomic impacts, especially for vulnerable social groups.Versión del edito

Innovación y estrategias de intervención en acoso escolar

Los problemas de convivencia escolar, violencia escolar, bullying y cyberbullying, en los centros españoles son una realidad y, por tanto, es necesario que los futuros docentes cuenten con estrategias específicas para el abordaje de estas situaciones cuando se enfrenten a la realidad de las aulas. En este manual, profesionales del área de la convivencia escolar presentan las actuaciones, programas y herramientas disponibles que en estos momentos se están poniendo en práctica en los centros escolares con resultados positivos. Así, se pretende ampliar el conocimiento teórico-práctico en el ámbito de la convivencia, gestión de conflictos y violencia escolar.EducaciónPsicologí