ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN INDUSTRI DAN PERANNYA TERHADAP EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO TAHUN 2002 dan 2006

Banyaknya industri kecil, besar dan sedang di Kabupaten Sukoharjo yang terus mangalami pertumbuhan dalam hal penyerapan tenaga kerja, investasi maupun nilai produksi menunjukkan adanya kenaikan di sektor industri. Secara keseluruhan menunjukkan adanya kondisi perekonomian yang mulai kondusif. Judul penelitian ini adalah ” Analisis Pertumbuhan Industri dan Perannya Terhadap Ekonomi di Kabupaten Sukoharjo Tahun 2002 dan 2006”. Penelitian ini bertujuan , pertama : untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan industri yang ada di Kabupaten Sukoharjo, kedua : mengetahui hubungan faktor-faktor industri (internal dan eksternal) dengan pertumbuhan industri di daerah penelitian, ketiga : mengetahui sejauh mana pertumbuhan industri dapat mempengaruhi ekonomi wilayah dalam hal pertumbuhan PDRB, distribusi pendapatan perkapita maupun keterkaitan penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor industri sebagai sektor unggulan dengan sektor pedagangan, angkutan dan komunikasi, serta sektor jasa-jasa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa data sekunder. Analisa dikembangkan dengan teknik Korelasi Product Moment, Analisa LQ (Location Quotient), serta ME (Multiplier Effect). Analisa-analisa tersebut digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor-faktor industri baik faktor internal maupun faktor eksternal dengan perumbuhan industri, sedangkan analisa LQ digunakan untuk mengetahui daerah yang berbasis industri dan analisa ME digunakan untuk melihat keterkaitan yang terjadi antara tenaga kerja sektor industri dengan sektor perdagangan, angkutan dan komunikasi serta sektor jasa-jasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : pertama, dengan mengetahui jumlah unit usaha, tenaga kerja, nilai investasi, dan nilai produksi ternyata industri kecil lebih tinggi pertumbuhannya dibandingkan industri menengah dan besar. Pada tahun 2002 jumlah unit usaha industri kecil sebesar 14.305 unit sedangkan industri menengah sebesar 89 unit dan industri besar cuma sebesar 20 unit. Pada tahun 2006 jumlah unit usaha industri kecil sebesar 15.523 unit sedangkan industri menengah sebesar 125 unit dan industri besar sebesar 42 unit. Dengan melihat data tersebut kita dapat mengetahui bahwa industri kecil lebih tinggi pertumbuhannya dibandingkan industri menengah dan besar. Kedua, faktor-faktor industri tersebut ternyata tidak semua mempengaruhi pertumbuhan industri yang terjadi di daerah penelitian, yaitu persentase rumah tangga berlistrik diperoleh koefisien korelasi yang kecil (-0,632 dan -0,651), penggunaan lahan diperoleh koefisien korelasi (-0,302), dan rasio pasar dan toko diperoleh koefisien korelasi (0,183 dan 0,602) dan yang ketiga, pertumbuhan industri yang terjadi di daerah penelitian dapat menyebabkan peningkatan yang positif bagi ekonomi wilayah terutama pada peningkatan pertumbuhan PDRB sebesar 26,35 persen pada tahun 2002 seiring berjalannya waktu terjadi peningkatan menjadi 30,46 persen pada tahun 2006 atas harga berlaku. Peran sektor industri mengalami peningkatan sebesar 4,11 persen. Pendapatan perkapita tertinggi di kabupaten Sukoharjo pada tahun 2006 menurut harga berlaku maupun harga konstan diduduki kecamatan Grogol sebesar 15.567.152,32 atas dasar harga berlaku dan sebesar 10.107.334,75 atas dasar harga konstan, maupun penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor industri yang mempunyai keterkaitan dengan sektor lainnya yaitu sektor perdagangan, angkutan dan komunikasi, serta sektor jasa-jasa. Kecamatan Sukoharjo dengan nilai LQ = 1,479 merupakan daerah basis industri, keterkaitan antar sektor industri dengan sektor lain dapat dilihat sebagai berikut sektor industri dengan sektor perdagangan nilai ME = 1,32, sektor industri dengan sektor angkutan dan komunikasi ME = 1,02, sektor industri dengan sektor jasa-jasa nilai ME = 1,26. Kecamatan Grogol LQ = 1,692 merupakan daerah basis industri, keterkaitan antar sektor industri dengan sektor lain dapat dilihat sebagai berikut sektor industri dengan sektor perdagangan nilai ME = 1,30, sektor industri dengan sektor angkutan dan komunikasi ME = 1,03, sektor industri dengan sektor jasa-jasa nilai ME = 1,17. Kecamatan Kartasura LQ = 1,378 merupakan daerah basis industri, keterkaitan antar sektor industri dengan sektor lain dapat dilihat sebagai berikut sektor industri dengan sektor perdagangan nilai ME = 1,47, sektor industri dengan sektor angkutan dan komunikasi ME = 1,06, sektor industri dengan sektor jasa-jasa nilai ME = 1,47. Nilai ME semuanya lebih dari satu yang berarti adanya pertambahan tenaga kerja dari sektor industri ke sektor lainnya

Operative technique in robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD) at University of Illinois at Chicago (IC): U17 steps standardized technique

Background: Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) was introduced in the attempt to improve the outcomes of the open approach. Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) was first reported by Gagner and Pomp (Surg Endosc 8:408–410, 1994). Unfortunately, due to its complexity and technical demand, LPD never reached widespread popularity. Since it was first performed by P. C. Giulianotti in 2001, Robotic PD (RPD) has been gaining ground among surgeons. MIPD is included as a surgical option in the latest NCCN Guidelines. However, lack of surgical standardization, however, has limited the reproducibility of MIPD and made the acquisition of the technique by other surgeons difficult. We provide an accurate description of our standardized step-by-step RDP technique. Methods: We took advantage of our 15-year long experience and > 150 cases performed to provide a step-by-step guidance of our RPD standardized technique. The description includes practical “tips and tricks” to facilitate the learning curve and assist with the teaching/evaluation process. Results: 17 surgical steps were identified as key components of the RPD procedure. The steps reflect the subdivision of the RPD into several parts which help to understand a strategy that takes into accounts specific anatomical landmarks and the demands of the robotic platform. Conclusions: Standardization is a key element of the learning curve of RPD. It can potentially provide consistent, reproducible results that can be more easily evaluated. Despite promising results, full acceptance of RPD as the ‘gold standard’ is still work in progress. Randomized-controlled trials with the application of a standardized technique are necessary to better define the role of RP

Lynch Syndrome from a surgeon perspective: retrospective study of clinical impact of mismatch repair protein expression analysis in colorectal cancer patients less than 50 years old.

BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, unexpected diagnosis of colorectal cancer in young patients requires prompt surgery, thus genetic testing for Lynch Syndrome is frequently missed, and clinical management may result incorrect. METHODS: Patients younger than 50 years old undergoing colorectal resection for cancer in the period 1994-2007 were identified (Group A, 49 cases), and compared to a group of randomly selected patients more than 50 (Group B, 85 cases). In 31 group A patients, immunohistochemical expression analysis of MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 was performed; personal and familial history of patients with defective MMR proteins expression was further investigated, searching for synchronous and metachronous tumors in probands and their families. RESULTS: Fifty-one percent of patients did not express one or more MMR proteins (MMR-) and should be considered Lynch Syndrome carriers (16 patients, group A1); while only 31.2% of them were positive for Amsterdam criteria, 50% had almost another tumor, 37.5% had another colorectal tumor and 68% had relatives with colorectal tumor. This group of patients, compared with A2 group (< 50 years old, MMR+) and B group, showed typical characteristics of HNPCC, such as proximal location, mucinous histotype, poor differentiation, high stage and shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms that preoperative knowledge of MMR proteins expression in colorectal cancer patients would allow correct staging, more extended colonic resection, specific follow-up and familial screening

Increased risk of second malignancy in pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous tumors: Review of the literature.

AIM: To analyze the available evidence about the risk of extrapancreatic malignancies and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma associated to pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (IPMNs). METHODS: A systematic search of literature was undertaken using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane and Web-of-Science libraries. No limitations for year of publication were considered; preference was given to English papers. All references in selected articles were further screened for additional publications. Both clinical series and Literature reviews were selected. For all eligible studies, a standard data extraction form was filled in and the following data were extracted: study design, number of patients, prevalence of pancreatic cancer and extrapancreatic malignancies in IPMN patients and control groups, if available. RESULTS: A total of 805 abstracts were selected and read; 25 articles were considered pertinent and 17 were chosen for the present systematic review. Eleven monocentric series, 1 multicentric series, 1 case-control study, 1 population-based study and 3 case report were included. A total of 2881 patients were globally analyzed as study group, and the incidence of pancreatic cancer and/or extrapancreatic malignancies ranged from 5% to 52%, with a mean of 28.71%. When a control group was analyzed (6 papers), the same incidence was as low as 9.4%. CONCLUSION: The available Literature is unanimous in claiming IPMNs to be strongly associated with pancreatic and extrapancreatic malignancies. The consequences in IPMNs management are herein discussed

5PSQ-117 Analysis of medication errors in an oncology setting using an internal reporting system

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Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 6

In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi, and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte genera Barbula, Fissidens, Gymnostomum, Jungermannia, Riccia, and Scapania, the fungal genera Hyalopsora and Urocystis and the lichen genera Arthothelium, Chaenotheca, Lepraria, Lobaria, Miriquidica, Parmelia, Rinodina, Solenopsora, Thelopsis and Xanthoparmelia

Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 2

In this contribution, new data concerning red algae, lichens and bryophytes of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the algal genus Grateloupia, the bryophyte genus Didymodon, and the lichen genera Buellia, Cladonia, Letharia, Pertusaria, and Pyrenula

Studia Lichenologica in Italy. I. New records of red-listed species

We present new data concerning lichen species of the Italian flora and confirm 36 national redlisted species

Small Nerve Fiber Pathology in Critical Illness

BACKGROUND: Degeneration of intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENF) is a hallmark of small fiber neuropathy of different etiology, whose clinical picture is dominated by neuropathic pain. It is unknown if critical illness can affect IENF. METHODS: We enrolled 14 adult neurocritical care patients with prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay and artificial ventilation ( 65 3 days), and no previous history or risk factors for neuromuscular disease. All patients underwent neurological examination including evaluation of consciousness, sensory functions, muscle strength, nerve conduction study and needle electromyography, autonomic dysfunction using the finger wrinkling test, and skin biopsy for quantification of IENF and sweat gland innervation density during ICU stay and at follow-up visit. Development of infection, sepsis and multiple organ failure was recorded throughout the ICU stay. RESULTS: Of the 14 patients recruited, 13 (93%) had infections, sepsis or multiple organ failure. All had severe and non-length dependent loss of IENF. Sweat gland innervation was reduced in all except one patient. Of the 7 patients available for follow-up visit, three complained of diffuse sensory loss and burning pain, and another three showed clinical dysautonomia. CONCLUSIONS: Small fiber pathology can develop in the acute phase of critical illness and may explain chronic sensory impairment and pain in neurocritical care survivors. Its impact on long term disability warrants further studies involving also non-neurologic critical care patients

Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 3

In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi and lichens and of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte genera Dicranodontium, Fontinalis, Lophocolea and Riccia, the fungal genus Diplolaeviopsis, the lichen genera Agonimia, Cladonia, Protoparmelia, Rhizocarpon, and Scytinium