Effects of esmolol on hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation

Amaç: Çalısmamızın amacı laringoskopi ve endotrakeal entübasyona yanıt olarak olusan tasikardi ve hipertansiyonu baskılamada, bir beta bloker olan esmolol'ün etkilerini arastırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalısma prospektif, randomize, tek kör olarak düzenlendi,ASAI-II, 20-50 yas arası 60 olgu 2 gruba ayrılarak yapıldı. Grup Esmolol'e (Grup E) esmolol (Brevibloc®) 1.5 mg/kg, Grup Kontrol'e (Grup K)%5 dekstroz 5 cc, laringoskopi ve entübasyondan 2 dakika önce I.V bolus verildi. Preoperatif, indüksiyondan sonra, entübasyonun ardından ve 1., 3., 5., 7., 10. dakikalarda kalp atımhızı (KAH), ortalama arter basıncı (OAB) ve hız basınç ürünü (RPP) degerleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Grup K'da KAH bazal degeri ile karsılastırıldıgında; indüksiyondan sonra ,5., 7., 10. dk'da anlamlı düsme, entübasyondan sonra ise anlamlı yükselme, Grup E'de ise; indüksiyondan sonra, 3., 5., 7., 10. dk'da anlamlı düsme saptandı (P<0.05). Grup K'da OAB bazal degeri ile karsılastırıldıgında; indüksiyondan sonra, 5., 7., 10. dk'da anlamlı düsme, entübasyondan sonra ve 1. dk'da anlamlı yükselme, Grup E'de indüksiyondan sonra ve 3., 5., 7., 10. dk'da anlamlı düsme, entübasyondan sonra ise anlamlı yükselme saptandı (P<0.05). Grup K'da RPP bazal degeri ile karsılastırıldıgında; indüksiyondan sonra, 5., 7., 10. dk'da anlamlı düsme, entübasyondan sonra ve 1. dakikada ise anlamlı yükselme, Grup E'de ise; indüksiyondan sonra ve 3., 5., 7., 10., dk'da anlamlı düsme saptandı (P<0.05). Gruplar arasında Grup E'de indüksiyondan ve entübasyondan hemen sonra ve 1. dakikadaKAHve RPPbakımından anlamlı düsmegözlendi (P<0.05). Sonuç: Çalısmamızda esmololün bu dozda laringoskopi ve endotrakeal entübasyon sırasında olusan tasikardi ve RPP'yi baskılamada etkili, hipertansiyonu baskılamada yetersiz oldugunu gözlemledik.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of esmolol in modifying hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Materials and methods: ASA I-II 60 subjects, aged between 20-50 years, were included in this prospective, randomized and single-blind study. Patients were divided into two groups. Group Esmolol(Group E) and Group Control (Group C) received IV bolus of esmolol 1.5 mg/kg and %5 dextrose 5 cc respectively, 2 minutes before laryngoscopy and intubation. We recorded heart rates (HR), mean arterial pressures (MAP), and rate pressure products (RPP) preoperatively, after induction and intubation and in 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 10th minutes after intubation. Results: In Group C, HR decreased after induction in 5th, 7th, and 10th minutes, whereas it increased after intubation. In Group E, HR decreased after induction, in 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 10th minutes (P<0.05). In Group C, MAP decreased after induction, in 5th, 7th, and 10th minutes, while it increased after intubation and in the first minute. In Group E, MAPdecreased after induction, in 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 10th minutes, but increased after intubation (P<0.05). In Group C, RPP decreased after induction, at 5th, 7th, and 10th minutes, however it increased in the first minute. In Group E, RPP decreased after induction, in 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 10th minutes (P<0.05). When we compared the two groups, HR and RPPdecreased in Group E immediately after induction and intubation and in the first minute. Conclusion: This dose of esmolol was effective in controlling the tachycardia and RPP, but it was ineffective in controlling the hypertensive response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation

Assessment of relationship between pain, psychological status, quality of life and body mass index

Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQL), pain, the number of painful areas, and depression level; both to compare obesity level and these parameters, and to compare between obese and non-obese participants. Materials (Subjects) and Methods: 1875 voluntary patients were evaluated. Patients were grouped into 5 according to body mass index (BMI) values: Group 1:17-24.99kg/m2, Group 2:25-29.99kg/m2, Group 3:30-34.99kg/m2, Group 4:35-35.99kg/m2, Group 5: BMI more than 40kg/m2. Patients were asked to fulfill a questionnaire about demographic data and a number of painful areas (neck, shoulder, elbow, wrist, back, low back, knee, ankle, and temporomandibular joint). All patients were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS), for pain, short form-36 (SF-36) for HRQL, Beck Depression Scale (BDS) for depression level. Results:We have included 1832 patients (460 male, and 1372 female) in the study: Group 1: 285(16%), Group 2: 623(34%), Group 3: 653(36%), Group 4: 190(10%), Group 5: 81(4%). When the groups was compared according to VAS scores during activity; all other groups was higher than group 1 (p<0.01). When the BDS scores were compared; depression levels were higher in group 5 than the other groups. When a number of painful areas were compared; groups 3,4,5 had higher values than groups 1,2, and group 2 had higher values than group 1 (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study evaluates pain level, the number of painful areas, physical HRQL, and depression levels of pre-obese and obese patients using VAS, BDS, and SF-36 scores and proves negative effects when compared to the healthy population. But this effect does not correlate with BMI levels.Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQL), pain, the number of painful areas, and depression level; both to compare obesity level and these parameters, and to compare between obese and non-obese participants. Materials (Subjects) and Methods: 1875 voluntary patients were evaluated. Patients were grouped into 5 according to body mass index (BMI) values: Group 1:17-24.99kg/m2, Group 2:25-29.99kg/m2, Group 3:30-34.99kg/m2, Group 4:35-35.99kg/m2, Group 5: BMI more than 40kg/m2. Patients were asked to fulfill a questionnaire about demographic data and a number of painful areas (neck, shoulder, elbow, wrist, back, low back, knee, ankle, and temporomandibular joint). All patients were evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS), for pain, short form-36 (SF-36) for HRQL, Beck Depression Scale (BDS) for depression level. Results:We have included 1832 patients (460 male, and 1372 female) in the study: Group 1: 285(16%), Group 2: 623(34%), Group 3: 653(36%), Group 4: 190(10%), Group 5: 81(4%). When the groups was compared according to VAS scores during activity; all other groups was higher than group 1 (p<0.01). When the BDS scores were compared; depression levels were higher in group 5 than the other groups. When a number of painful areas were compared; groups 3,4,5 had higher values than groups 1,2, and group 2 had higher values than group 1 (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study evaluates pain level, the number of painful areas, physical HRQL, and depression levels of pre-obese and obese patients using VAS, BDS, and SF-36 scores and proves negative effects when compared to the healthy population. But this effect does not correlate with BMI levels

Evaluation of efficacy of caudal analgesia on pediatric surgery

Amaç: Retrospektif olarak, hastanemizde 2006 yılının Ocak-Haziran ayları arasında, pediatrik cerrahide inguinal, ürogenital ve rektal bölgede elektif cerrahi operasyon geçirmis 125 olguda genel anestezi indüksiyonu sonrasında yapılan kaudal blogun, intraoperatif, postoperatif dönemde analjezik etkinligini ve komplikasyonlarını degerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve yöntem: Retrospektif olarak pediatrik cerrahide elektif cerrahi operesyon geçirmis kaudal blok uygulanmıs hasta dosyalarında yer alan anestezi izlem, anestezi derlenme odası hasta takip ve hemsire gözlem formları incelenerek, demografik veriler, operasyon türü, indüksiyon ve idamede uygulanan anestezik ajanlar, anestezi sekli, kaudal blokta uygulanan lokal anestezigin türü, miktarı, konsantrasyonu; intraoperatif, postoperatif dönemde uygulanan analjezik ihtiyaçları ile verilme zamanları ve komplikasyonlar kaydedilmistir. Bulgular: Yas ortalamaları 41.57±38.55, yas aralıgı 1-132 ay olup, cinsiyet 118 erkek (%94.4) ve 7 kız (%5.6), vücut agırlıkları ortalama 14.60±7.81 kg olarak bulundu. Kaudal blokla %0.25 bupivakainden 1ml/kg uygulanan hastaların anestezi süreleri ortalama 61.50±42.07 dak. olarak bulunmustur. Intraoperatif dönemde herhangi bir analjezik yapılmamıs olup postoperatif analjezi süreleri ortalama 412.88±163.13 dak. olarak saptanmıstır. Postoperatif dönemde herhangi bir komplikasyon bildirilmemistir. Sonuç: Kaudal blok pediatrik cerrahide inguinal, ürogenital, rektal bölgede yapılan operasyonlarda intraoperatif ve postoperatif dönemde analjezi saglamada etkili bir yöntem oldugunu gözlemledik.Objective: We aimed to retrospectively evaluate analgesic effect and complications in intraoperative and post operative periods of caudal block performed after induction of general anesthesia in 125 pediatric patients who underwent elective surgical operations on the inguinal, urogenital and rectal regions in 2006. Material and Methods: Data were collected from anesthesia monitoring forms, recovery room monitoring forms and nursing monitoring forms about demographics, types of operations, anesthetic agents used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia, types of anesthesia, types, doses and concentrations of local anesthetics used for caudal block, analgesics given in intraoperative and postoperative periods, time of analgesic administration and complications. Results: The patients were aged 1-132 months, with a mean of 41.57±38.55 months. Out of 125 patients, 118 (94.4%) were male and 7 (5.6%) female with a mean weight of 14.60±7.81 kg. Duration of anesthesia was 61.50±42.07 min in patients administered 0.25% bubivacain for caudal block. No analgesics were administered during operation and mean duration of analgesia in the postoperative period was 412.88±163.13 min. No complications were noted in the postoperative period. Conclusion: It can be concluded that caudal block decreases the need for general anesthesia in the intraoperative period and provides effective analgesia in the postoperative period in operations on the inguinal, urogenital and rectal regions

Evaluation of the effects of remifentanyl and alfentanyl on spirometric parameters in endotracheal intubations

Amaç: Çalısmamızın amacı remifentanil ve alfentanil kullanılan hastalarda endotrakeal entübasyona yanıt olarak olusan solunumsal degisikliklerin etkilerini spirometrik olarak arastırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalısma retrospektif olarak hasta dosyalarındaki anestezi takip fisleri taranarak, genel anestezi altında opere olan 18-60 yas arası 40 olgu seçilerek 2 esit grup olusturularak gerçeklestirildi. Remifentanil (Ultiva®,) grubunda (Grup R) remifentanil; entübasyondan önce 1 µg/kg IVbolus, entübasyondan sonra 0.25 g/kg/dak. infüzyonla, alfentanil (Rapifen®) grubunda (Grup A) alfentanil; entübasyondan önce 20 g/kg IV bolus ve entübasyondan sonra 1 µg/kg/dak infüzyonla uygulanmıs. Ilaç verildikten sonra, entübasyondan hemen önce ve sonra, intraoperatif 5., 10. dakikalarda spirometreyle pik inspiratuvar basınç (PIP), plato basıncı (Pplato), havayolu direnci (Raw), akciger kompliyans (C) degerleri kaydedilmistir. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında pik inspiratuar basınç, plato basıncı, kompliyans degerleri arasında anlamlı fark saptanmazken; havayolu direnci bazal degerleri arasında alfentanil grubunda daha düsük olmak üzere istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı (P<0.05). Çalısmamızda remifentanil ve alfentanilin endotrakeal entübasyonda spirometrik parametreler; pik inspiratuar basınç, plato basıncı, havayolu direnci, kompliyans degerleri üzerinde anlamlı fark olusturmadıgı saptanmıstır. Sonuç: Remifentanil ve alfentanilin elektif cerrahi uygulanan vakalarda solunumsal yan etkilere yol açmaksızın genel anestezi uygulamalarında güvenle kullanılabilecegini gözlemledik.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate respiratory changes on spirometry which occur in response to endotracheal intubations in patients receiving remifentanyl and alfentanyl. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study. Spirometric data were derived from anaesthesia monitoring forms in patient files. The study included 40 patients aged between 18 and 60 years. They were assigned into two groups i.e. Group remifentanyl (R) (n=20) and Group alfentanyl (A) (n=20). Group R received intravenous bolus 1 µg/kg remifentanyl before intubations and 0.25 µg/kg/min remifentanyl after intubations and Group A received IV bolus 20 µg/kg alfentanyl before intubations and 1 µg/kg/min alfentanyl after intubations. Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), plateau pressure (Pplateau), airway resistance (Raw) and pulmonary compliance (C) measured just before and soon after Remifentanyl and Alfentanyl were given and in the intraoperative fifth and tenth minutes were obtained. Results: There was no significant difference in peak inspiratory pressure, plateau pressure and pulmonary compliance between the groups, but the difference in baseline airway resistance between the groups was significant (P<0.05). In fact, Group A had a lower airway resistance at baseline. Also, there was no significant difference between remifentanyl and alfentanyl in the spirometric parameters of peak inspiratory pressure, plateau pressure, airway resistance and pulmonary compliance upon endotracheal intubations. Conclusion: It can be concluded that remifentanyl and alfentanyl do not cause respiratory side-effects in patients who undergo elective operations and can be administered safely for general anesthesia

Is It Possible to Predict Urodynamic Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women with Minimal Diagnostic Evaluation?

Objectives: To determine whether it is possible to predict urodynamic stress urinary incontinence (uSUI) in women with minimal diagnostic evaluation. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 2,643 female incontinent patients were reviewed and 301 women were eligible for this study. The positive predictive values (PPV), sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive values (NPV) for uSUI and uSUI with or without detrusor overactivity (DO), and DO patients of pure SUI symptom (group 1), combination of pure SUI symptom and positive provocative stress test (+PST; group 2) and combination of pure SUI symptom, +PST and absence of overactive bladder symptoms (group 3) were calculated for each group. Results: Mean age was 51.03 years (22-88). PPV, sensitivity and specificity values for uSUI with or without DO of group 3 were 100, 7.4, and 100%, while these values for pure uSUI were 93.3, 9.3, and 99.3%, respectively. Interestingly, none of the patients in groups 2 and 3 had DO. Conclusions: Our results show that it was possible to predict uSUI with high accuracy using minimal diagnostic evaluation in a group of female patients with pure stress incontinence symptoms +PST while it was also possible to eliminate DO accurately in this group of patients. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Base

Ropivacaine versus lidocaine for deep-topical, nerve-block anaesthesia in cataract surgery: a double-blind randomized clinical trial

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ropivacaine versus lidocaine for deep-topical, nerve-block anaesthesia in cataract surgery