ZAGA - #1, 2021

ZAGA is the little sibling of SAGA, Augustana\u27s annual literature and art magazine. ZAGA produces smaller installments of art and literature from Augie\u27s student body in zine format.https://digitalcommons.augustana.edu/zaga/1000/thumbnail.jp

Dynamics and Power Generation Potential from a Tethered Kite Moving in a Horizontal Flightpath

Tethered-wing power systems are a viable possibility for collecting energy from stronger, more consistent winds found in the upper regions of the atmosphere where conventional wind turbines are incapable of reaching. To date, all of the tethered-wing systems fly with the tether oriented down-wind of the ground attachment point. Examined here are the dynamics and performance of a novel system where the tether is oriented both upwind and downwind of the ground attachment point during normal operation of the device. Certain prototypes built by Makani and Ampyx Power are considered to have motions analogous to the motions of the blade tips on conventional horizontal-axis wind turbines. If true, this system has motions that are analogous to conventional vertical-axis wind turbines. The system has a ground-based generator which is mechanical coupled to the aircraft and energy is generated on the reel-out phase of each cycle while a smaller amount of energy is consumed during the reel-in phase of each cycle. A simple model was developed which captures the dominant dynamics of this system and shows, via simulation, that the proposed system is viable and capable of stable and unstable periodic motions with a simulated closed-loop tether tension controller or a simple open loop reel-rate controller. In addition, it is capable of motions which produce net positive power. The small system examined, where parameter optimization was not performed, predicts an average cycle power of more than 500 watts in a 10 m/s wind

Accreditation of dental care services ”“: a proposal for a logical model

The National Accreditation Organization published in 2010, the Brazilian Manual of Accreditation for Healthcare Providers. This manual provides the guidelines for the development of an accreditation process for healthcare providers; however, it does not provide standards for a dental accreditation process. The aim of this study was to conceptualize the accreditation of dental care services and present a logical model that can anchor the development of a tool for accreditation of dental care services in Brazil. The Brazilian Manual of Accreditation for providers of health care services of the National Accreditation Organization (ONA) provides guidelines for the development of the accreditation process in health care institutions; however, it does not provide standards for the dental accreditation process. The model proposed has three foci of analysis, six described sections and thirteen described subsections, all considering relevant aspects concerning high quality providers of dental care services. Accreditation was possible to conceptualize and present a logical model which was designed for the accreditation of Units for Provision of Dental Care Services (UPDCS) - (UPSAO in Portuguese) and Complexes for Provision of Dental Care Services (CPDCS) - (CPSAO in Portuguese)

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: pharmacists knowledge, perception and willingness to adopt future implementation in a Zimbabwean urban setting

Truvada® was approved for use in prevention of sexually acquired human immunodeficiency virus in 2012. Consumers may require information about pre-exposure prophylaxis from pharmacists since consultation is free. The aim of the study was to assess pharmacists’ knowledge, perception and willingness to adopt pre-exposure prophylaxis. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, community and hospital pharmacists in Harare were interviewed using a standard questionnaire between September and October 2012. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were used for data analysis. The response rate was 90%. Females comprised 47% of respondents. Most pharmacists had a negative perception about pre-exposure prophylaxis. Most pharmacists (94%) were willing to stock pre-exposure prophylaxis in their pharmacies. Cost, accessibility and increase in promiscuity were cited as major hindrances to future implementation. Only 58% of respondents were knowledgeable about pre-exposure prophylaxis. There is need for the government to increase accessibility and improve on awareness strategies for pre-exposure prophylaxis in Zimbabwe.Keywords: Truvada®, pre-exposure prophylaxis, pharmacist, knowledge, perceptio

Do existing research summaries on health systems match immunisation managers' needs in middle- and low-income countries? Analysis of GAVI health systems strengthening support

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The GAVI Alliance was created in 2000 to increase access to vaccines. More recently, GAVI has supported evidence-based health systems strengthening to overcome barriers to vaccination. Our objectives were: to explore countries' priorities for health systems strengthening; to describe published research summaries for each priority area in relation to their number, quality and relevance; and to describe the use of national data from surveys in identifying barriers to immunisation.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>From 44 health systems strengthening proposals submitted to GAVI in 2007 and 2008, we analysed the topics identified, the coverage of these topics by existing systematic reviews and the use of nation-wide surveys with vaccination data to justify the needs identified in the proposals.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thirty topics were identified and grouped into three thematic areas: health workforce (10 topics); organisation and management (14); and supply, distribution and maintenance (6). We found 51 potentially relevant systematic reviews, although for the topic that appeared most frequently in the proposals ('Health information systems') no review was identified. Thematic and geographic relevance were generally categorised as "high" in 33 (65%) and 25 (49%) reviews, respectively, but few reviews were categorised as "highly relevant for policy" (7 reviews, 14%). With regard to methodological quality, 14 reviews (27%) were categorised as "high".</p> <p>The number of topics that were addressed by at least one high quality systematic review was: seven of the 10 topics in the 'health workforce' thematic area; six of the 14 topics in the area of 'organisation and management'; and none of the topics in the thematic area of 'supply, distribution and maintenance'. Only twelve of the 39 countries with available national surveys referred to them in their proposals.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Relevant, high quality research summaries were found for few of the topics identified by managers. Few proposals used national surveys evidence to identify barriers to vaccination. Researchers generating or adapting evidence about health systems need to be more responsive to managers' needs. Use of available evidence from local or national surveys should be strongly encouraged.</p

INCREMENTO DE CALIDAD Y MENOR COSTO DE PRODUCCIÓN DE BRÓCOLI (Brassica oleracea L.) MEDIANTE NUTRICIÓN BALANCEADA VÍA FERTIRRIEGO

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) is a vegetable of economic and nutritional importance due to its dietary and medicinal properties. The size of the floret is its main commercial character. Various studies have shown that the contribution of fertilizers through irrigation improves the plant’s production and efficiency. Based on this, the evolution of vegetative growth, quality, and production cost of a broccoli crop fertilized with 21N-17P-3K and fertirrigated with soluble fertilizers in balanced&nbsp;form was analyzed, in a commercial plot in the state of Querétaro, México. The experimental design consisted of one control and one treatment with balanced nutrition. The first had weekly applications of N-22, NPK and Ca(NO3)2, while the experimental one received 21-17-3 and soluble fertilizers according to the stage and nutritional demand of the plant identified through foliar analysis. The results obtained indicate that there was higher broccoli production of class I with the treatment proposed (49.7 %) versus 26.8 % for the control. For production class II, the treatment proposed obtained 50.2 % compared to 73.1 % of the control. The cost for fertilizers for the balanced nutrition treatment was 7.1 % less expensive than the control. With the results obtained it is suggested that the quality and production of a broccoli crop can be increased by using soluble fertilizers following a program of specialized balanced plant nutrition.El brócoli (Brassica oleracea L.) es una hortaliza de importancia económica y nutricional debido a sus propiedades alimenticias y medicinales. El tamaño del florete es su principal carácter comercial. Diversos estudios han demostrado que la aportación de fertilizantes a través del riego, mejora la producción y eficiencia de la planta. Con base en lo anterior, el objetivo fue determinar el rendimiento y calidad del florete, la eficiencia de uso de nitrógeno y costo de producción de un cultivo de brócoli, obtenido bajo un programa de nutrición vegetal especializada usando como testigo el programa tradicional de fertilización que acostumbra el productor, en un lote comercial con riego por goteo en el Estado de Querétaro, México. El primer tratamiento consistió en aplicaciones de una mezcla física comercial con análisis 21-17-3 (N, P2O5, K2O) y fertilizantes solubles de acuerdo a la demanda nutrimental de la planta identificada mediante análisis foliar, mientras que el segundo tratamiento se fertilizó semanalmente con un producto comercial conocido como N-22 (22% de N) a base de nitrato y amonio, NPK y Ca(NO3)2. Los resultados indicaron mayor producción de brócoli de clase I con el tratamiento de nutrición vegetal especializada (49.7%) respecto al manejo tradicional del productor (26.8%). Para la producción clase II, el tratamiento nuevo obtuvo 50.2% comparado con 73.1% del tradicional. La calidad, rendimiento y eficiencia nutrimental del brócoli se incrementó con el programa de nutrición vegetal especializado, que también resultó más barato, en relación con el manejo tradicional de fertilización del productor

Experiências do pensar numa escola pública municipal de Cariacica, ES: invenções e resistências nas práticas de filosofia e ciências sociais no ensino fundamental.

Esta dissertação objetiva cartografar práticas do ensino de filosofia numa escola pública da Rede de Ensino Fundamental do Município de Cariacica, ES, tomando-as como potências inventivas e de resistência da experiência do pensar. Persegue como objetivo geral: inventar caminhos com/no cotidiano de uma escola pública da Educação Cidadã, a EMEF Amenophis de Assis, pelos quais a filosofia, com a experiência do pensar, possa desenvolver aulas inventivas e de resistência, a partir das Práticas de Filosofia e Ciências Sociais no ensino fundamental. Como objetivos específicos, delineia: a) Investigar o conceito de experiência do pensar e de Educação Cidadã nos documentos das Práticas de Filosofia e Ciências Sociais no Município de Cariacica/ES; b) Investigar composições possíveis com/no cotidiano escolar na perspectiva da experiência do pensar; c) Propor a experiência do pensar como possibilidade de abertura para novas perspectivas das Práticas de Ciências Sociais no ensino fundamental municipal. Toma como referencial teórico-metodológico a cartografia deleuziana, de abordagem qualitativa, fazendo uso de pesquisa de campo mediante experiências coletivas do pensar com grupos de alunos, professores e famílias. Destaca o acompanhamento de processos que se fazem a partir das interações, agenciamentos, acontecimentos e afetos, que se constituem com/no território escolar, em meio à criação de atividades potentes para experienciar o pensar, em que se entende o âmbito do debate, com a criação de perguntas, a chave central dessa experiência e capaz de levar o professor de filosofia considerar a igualdade das inteligências. Os resultados encontrados apontam que a experiência do pensar pode contribuir na criação de práticas filosóficas inventivas e de resistência (menores) no território da Educação Cidadã (maior)

Effect of Applied Sewage Sludge, Ammonium Nitrate and Phosphorus on Yield of Winter Wheat, Soil Profile Inorganic Nitrogen Accumulation and Cadmium Uptake

Soil Scienc