Modelling Students’ Thematically Associated Knowledge : Networked Knowledge from Affinity Statistics

Peer reviewe

Low and moderate, rather than high intensity strength exercise induces benefit regarding plasma lipid profile

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The effects of chronic aerobic exercise upon lipid profile has been previously demonstrated, but few studies showed this effect under resistance exercise conditions.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>The aim of this study was to examine the effects of different resistance exercise loads on blood lipids.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Thirty healthy, untrained male volunteers were allocated randomly into four groups based at different percentages of one repetition maximum (1 RM); 50%-1 RM, 75%-1 RM, 90%-1 RM, and 110%-1 RM. The total volume (sets × reps × load) of the exercise was equalized. The lipid profile (Triglycerides [TG], HDL-cholesterol [HDL-c], LDL-cholesterol, and Total cholesterol) was determined at rest and after 1, 24, 48 and 72 h of resistance exercise.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The 75%-1 RM group demonstrated greater TG reduction when compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the 110%-1 RM group presented an increased TG concentration when compared to 50% and 75% groups (p = 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively). HDL-c concentration was significantly greater after resistance exercise in 50%-1 RM and 75%-1 RM when compared to 110%-1 RM group (p = 0.004 and p = 0.03, respectively). Accordingly, the 50%-1 RM group had greater HDL-c concentration than 110%-1 RM group after 48 h (p = 0.05) and 72 h (p = 0.004), respectively. Finally, The 50% group has showed lesser LDL-c concentration than 110% group after 24 h (p = 0.007). No significant difference was found in Total Cholesterol concentrations.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results indicate that the acute resistance exercise may induce changes in lipid profile in a specific-intensity manner. Overall, low and moderate exercise intensities appear to be promoting more benefits on lipid profile than high intensity. Long term studies should confirm these findings.</p

Campath-1H in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia: report on a patient treated thrice in a 3 year period

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy is a novel alternative treatment for lymphoid malignancies. in this report we present a 55-year-old patient with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, who was initially treated with chlorambucil p.o. and subsequently with cyclophosphamide iv with poor response. Then Campath-1H mAb was administered, He received three cycles of Campath-1H, over a 3yr period, lasting 12 weeks each, at a final dose of 30mg weekly, on an outpatient basis. After each cycle of Campath-1H administration there was a significant decrease of the size of the palpable lymph nodes, spleen and liver. Restoration of the blood lymphocyte count to normal and a significant decrease of the bone marrow lymphocytic infiltration was observed at the end of each cycle. Therefore, a major clinical response was obtained after all cycles. Campath-1H administration was well tolerated without causing any serious toxicity

Campath-1H (anti-CD52) monoclonal antibody therapy in lymphoproliferative disorders - A review

Campath-1H is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against the CDw52 membrane antigen of lymphocytes, which causes complement and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Campath-1H has been used in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), T-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), and low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (LGNHL). Campath-1H is administered intravenously thrice weekly for up to 12 wk, at an initial dose of 3 mg, escalated to 10 and 30 mg. The responses (complete FCR] and partial [PR]) obtained in untreated B-CLL patients are of the order of 90%. In previously treated B-CLL patients, responses are of the order of approximately 40%, with 2-4% CRs. Responses are more prominent in the blood and bone marrow compared to the lymph nodes. The median duration of response is 9-12 mo. Because of the antibody’s higher activity on circulating lymphocytes, it has been used for in vivo purging of residual disease in B-CLL, followed by autologous stem-cell transplantation. In heavily pretreated advanced stage LGNHL, response is achieved only in 14% of cases with B-phenotype; a 50% response rate is noted in mycosis fungoides. In T-PLL, the CR rate is approximately 60%. Promising results have been reported in a small number of patients with refractory autoimmune thrombocytopenia of lymphoproliferative disorders. The main complications of Campath-1H treatment are caused by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interleukin (IL)-6 release, usually during the first intravenous infusion, and include fever, rigor, nausea, vomiting, and hypotension responsive to steroids. These side effects are usually less severe with subsequent infusions and can be prevented by paracetamol and antihistamines. Immunosupression resulting from normal B- and T-lymphocyte depletion is frequent, resulting in an increased risk for opportunistic infections. More clinical trials in a larger number of patients are necessary to determine the exact role and indications of Campath-1H in lymphoproliferative disorders