Tau spin correlations and the anomalous magnetic moment

We show that the precise determination of the Tau magnetic properties is possible in the next generation accelerators, specially at B/Flavour factories. We define spin correlation observables suitable to extract the real part of the magnetic form factor that, for the first time, will allow to test the standard model-QED predictions. In particular, the predicted QED-dependence with both the momentum transfer and the lepton mass can be precisely measured. Until now, the most stringent bounds on the $\tau$ magnetic moment $a_\tau$ come from LEP data with strong assumptions on the physics involved on the observed process. In this paper, we find three different combinations of spin correlations of the outgoing Taus that disentangle the magnetic moment form factor of the Tau lepton in the electromagnetic vertex. These combinations of asymmetries also get rid off the contributions coming from Z-mediating amplitudes to the defined correlations. Using unpolarized electron beams and an integrated luminosity of $15 \times 10^{18} b^{-1}$, the sensitivity to the $\tau$ magnetic moment form factor is of the order $10^{-6}$. This sensitivity is two orders of magnitude better than the present existing high- or low-energy bounds on the magnetic moment and would allow its actual measurement with the precision of a few per cent.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figur

The penumbra 5MAX ACE catheter is safe, efficient, and cost saving as a primary mechanical thrombectomy device for large vessel occlusions in acute ischemic stroke

Background: Reperfusion of large vessel occlusions in acute stroke can improve patient outcomes. The purposes of this study were to assess the safety and efficacy of the Penumbra 5MAX ACE catheter for revascularization of large vessels and to compare its cost to the cost of stent retrievers. Methods: In this retrospective, single-center case review study, data were captured on consecutive patients treated with the Penumbra 5MAX ACE as first-line therapy during an 11-month period. Good functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of ≤2 at discharge. Results were directly compared with previously published data for stent retrievers, and length of stay was analyzed in relation to revascularization. Results: The 31 patients studied had a mean age of 66.3±17.8 years and a mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 19.4±5.7. Intravenous tissue recombinant plasminogen activator therapy was initiated in 35.5% (11/31) of patients. A Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) grade of 2b-3 reperfusion after endovascular therapy was achieved in 26/31 (83.9%) of cases; TICI grade 3 was achieved in 19/31 (61.3%) patients. The average time from groin puncture to TICI grade 2b-3 reperfusion was 40 minutes. The average estimated cost for aspiration with the 5MAX ACE alone was $4,916 per case compared with an estimated cost of$9,620 if a stent retriever was used as the primary device. Our actual average cost per case, including all adjunctive devices used in the neurointerventional procedure, was $6,997. Good functional outcome was achieved in 19/31 (61.3%) patients. Two patients experienced symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (6.5%), and 1 (3.2%) patient died. The length of stay was significantly shorter among patients with TICI grade 2b-3 reperfusion compared to patients with TICI grad

CP violation and electric-dipole-moment at low energy τ\tau production with polarized electrons

The new proposals for high luminosity B/Flavor factories, near and on top of the $\Upsilon$ resonances, allow for a detailed investigation of CP-violation in the $\tau$-pair production. In particular, bounds on the tau electric dipole moment can be obtained from genuine CP-odd observables related to the $\tau$-pair production. We perform an independent analysis from low energy (10 GeV) data by means of linear spin observables. We show that, for a longitudinally polarized electron beam, a CP-odd asymmetry, associated to the normal polarization term, can be measured at these low energy facilities both at resonant and non resonant energies. In this way, stringent and independent bounds to the tau electric dipole moment, which are orders of magnitude below other high or low energy bounds, can be obtained.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

CP violation and electric-dipole-moment at low energy tau-pair production

CP violation at low energy is investigated at the tau electromagnetic vertex. High statistics at B factories, and on top of the Upsilon resonances, allows a detailed investigation of CP-odd observables related to the tau-pair production. The contribution of the tau electric dipole moment is considered in detail. We perform an analysis independent from the high energy data by means of correlation and linear spin observables at low energy. We show that different CP-odd asymmetries, associated to the normal-transverse and normal-longitudinal correlation terms can be measured at low energy accelerators, both at resonant and non resonant energies. These observables allow to put stringent and independent bounds to the tau electric dipole moment that are competitive with other high or low energy results.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, references added, minor changes in section 3 and 5, to be published in Nucl.Phys.

The Weak-Magnetic Moment of Heavy Quarks

With initial and final particles on-shell, the anomalous weak-magnetic dipole moments of b and c quarks are electroweak gauge invariant quantities of the effective couplings Zb\bar{b} and Zc\bar{c}, respectively, and good candidates to test the Standard Model and/or new physics. Here we present a complete computation of these quantities within the Standard Model. We show that decoupling properties with respect to heavy particles do take place in the weak magnetic moment. The obtained values, a_b(M_Z^2)=(2.98-1.56i)x10^(-4) and a_c(M_Z^2)=(-2.80+1.09i)x10^(-5) are dominated by one-gluon exchange diagrams. The electroweak corrections are less than 1% of the total magnitude.Comment: 12 pages, 1 Postscript figure, LaTeX. 1 reference corrected. Published in Phys. Lett.

The tau weak-magnetic dipole moment

We calculate the prediction for the anomalous weak-magnetic form factor of the tau lepton at $q^2=M_Z^2$ within the Standard Model. With all particles on-shell, this is a electroweak gauge invariant quantity. Its value is $a_\tau^w (M_Z^2)= - \;(2.10 + 0.61\, i) \times 10^{-6}$. We show that the transverse and normal components of the single-tau polarization of tau pairs produced at $e^+e^-$ unpolarized collisions are sensitive to the real and absorptive parts of the anomalous weak-magnetic dipole moment of the tau. The sensitivity one can achieve at LEP in the measurement of this dipole moment is discussed.Comment: 16 pages, Latex, 2 figure

A schizophrenia-like psychotic disorder secondary to an arachnoid cyst remitted with neurosurgical treatment of the cyst

We describe a case of delusional psychosis that was terminated by neurosurgical removal of a large arachnoid cyst. The patient was suffering his first psychotic episode and had symptoms typical of schizophrenia. The case underscores the importance of considering that an arachnoid cyst can induce psychopathological symptoms, even those of schizophrenia. Indeed, such symptoms may be the cyst's only clinical manifestation. In addition, the case highlights the importance of doing a structural imaging test when confronted with a first episode of psychosis, especially if the episode is relatively late in appearance. Such imaging may lead to a diagnosis that in turn can enable a definitive neurosurgical resolution of the psychosis

Methodology for establishing the EU list of critical raw materials - Guidelines

This is a prescriptive document containing the guidelines and the ‘ready-to-apply’ methodology for the EU criticality assessment and the revision of the list of critical raw materials (CRM) for the EU. These synthesised guidelines build on the methodology used to establish the lists of CRM in 2011 and 2014 and integrate the methodological improvements identified by the European Commission in the project ‘Assessment of the methodology on the list of critical raw materials’, in close consultation with the ad hoc working group ‘Defining critical raw materials’. Additional information regarding the methodology, including justification and discussion, can be found in the background report developed by the Directorate General Joint Research Centre (JRC) and in related annexes. These guidelines also contain recommendations on how to reorganise and improve the single fact sheets of the assessed raw material

Faithful Squashed Entanglement

Squashed entanglement is a measure for the entanglement of bipartite quantum states. In this paper we present a lower bound for squashed entanglement in terms of a distance to the set of separable states. This implies that squashed entanglement is faithful, that is, strictly positive if and only if the state is entangled. We derive the bound on squashed entanglement from a bound on quantum conditional mutual information, which is used to define squashed entanglement and corresponds to the amount by which strong subadditivity of von Neumann entropy fails to be saturated. Our result therefore sheds light on the structure of states that almost satisfy strong subadditivity with equality. The proof is based on two recent results from quantum information theory: the operational interpretation of the quantum mutual information as the optimal rate for state redistribution and the interpretation of the regularised relative entropy of entanglement as an error exponent in hypothesis testing. The distance to the set of separable states is measured by the one-way LOCC norm, an operationally-motivated norm giving the optimal probability of distinguishing two bipartite quantum states, each shared by two parties, using any protocol formed by local quantum operations and one-directional classical communication between the parties. A similar result for the Frobenius or Euclidean norm follows immediately. The result has two applications in complexity theory. The first is a quasipolynomial-time algorithm solving the weak membership problem for the set of separable states in one-way LOCC or Euclidean norm. The second concerns quantum Merlin-Arthur games. Here we show that multiple provers are not more powerful than a single prover when the verifier is restricted to one-way LOCC operations thereby providing a new characterisation of the complexity class QMA.Comment: 24 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Due to an error in the published version, claims have been weakened from the LOCC norm to the one-way LOCC nor