Deteksi Kanker Kulit Melanoma Berbasis Android Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network Arsitektur MobileNET v2

Melanoma adalah jenis kanker kulit yang paling ganas dan berpotensi menyebabkan kematian jika tidak segera terdeteksi dan ditangani sejak dini. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan sistem untuk mendeteksi kanker kulit melanoma sangat penting dalam upaya deteksi dini penyakit tersebut. Pengembangan sistem deteksi penyakit kanker kulit melanoma menggunakan arsitektur MobileNetV2 Convolutional Neural Network yang direpresentasikan pada sistem berbasis android. Arsitektur MobileNetV2 dipilih karena kemampuannya untuk mencapai akurasi tinggi dalam klasifikasi citra dengan ukuran model yang relatif kecil. Untuk mendapatkan performa model terbaik, dilakukan beberapa percobaan konfigurasi yang berbeda. Beberapa konfigurasi yang dieksplorasi meliputi penggunaan optimizer SGD, Adadelta, dan RMSprop, serta variasi jumlah epoch dalam setiap konfigurasi. Berdasarkan evaluasi model menggunakan confusion matrix, Performa model terbaik didapat pada konfigurasi 3 dengan jumlah epoch 20 dan menggunakan optimizer SGD dengan nilai accuracy sebesar 0.9309, precision sebesar 0.9805, recall sebesar 0.8792, dan f1-score sebesar 0.9270. Pengujian aplikasi menggunakan metode black box dengan menggunakan data pengujian dari dataset mendapatkan akurasi tertinggi mencapai 100% baik melanoma maupun non-melanoma. Keyword: Kanker Kulit Melanoma, MobileNetV2, Convolutional Neural Network, Confusion Matrix, Black Box Testing

Correlates of cigarette smoking among male college students in Karachi, Pakistan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>About 1.3 billion people are regular smokers world wide and every day between 8,200 and 9,900 young people start to smoke, risking rapid addiction to nicotine. Transition from high school to college is a critical period to adopt healthy habits and life style. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that might influence their smoking habit. Our study aims to assess the influence of factors that encourage college students to smoke cigarettes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The data used in this survey were obtained from a representative sample of registered colleges of Karachi. A random sample of 576 male college students of ages ranging from 15–30 years was interviewed using a questionnaire administered by survey officers, by applying multi stage cluster sampling during the academic year 2004–2005.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, we found 26.7% of students had ever tried smoking, whereas 24%(95% CI: 21.0%–28.0%) of college students reported current smoking (that is whether one had smoked a cigarette in past 30 days). Among different age groups, prevalence of current smoking was 19.2% in 15–17 years, 26.5% in 18–20 years and 65% in 21 years and above. After adjusting for age of respondent, students in public schools were more likely to smoke as compared to students in private schools (adjusted OR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.3–4.2). Students whose friends are smokers were 5 times more likely to smoke compared to those whose friends are non-smokers (adjusted OR = 4.8; 95%CI: 3.1 – 7.4). Those students having fathers with no formal schooling were more likely to smoke (adjusted OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1–4.2) as compared to those whose fathers had some degree of education. Students having non-working mothers were more likely to smoke as compared to students with working mothers (adjusted OR = 2.8; 95% CI: 0.9–9.1). Students belonging to Bin Qasim (adjusted OR = 2.1; 95% C.I: 1.1–4.1) and Gadap town (adjusted OR = 2.1; 95%C.I) were more likely to smoke as compared to students residing in other towns.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study shows that smoking is strongly associated with age, which may suggest social tolerance to smoking in this setting and that social and educational variables appear to play a significant role in smoking among college students. Our study suggests that such factors should be taken into account when designing effective tobacco control programs among college students. This is an effort which has been done to reduce tobacco consumption among college students and introduce awareness programs to amend their health risk behavior.</p

Influence of electrolyte co-additives on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

The presence of specific chemical additives in the redox electrolyte results in an efficient increase of the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The most effective additives are 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP), N-methylbenzimidazole (NMBI) and guanidinium thiocyanate (GuNCS) that are adsorbed onto the photoelectrode/electrolyte interface, thus shifting the semiconductor's conduction band edge and preventing recombination with triiodides. In a comparative work, we investigated in detail the action of TBP and NMBI additives in ionic liquid-based redox electrolytes with varying iodine concentrations, in order to extract the optimum additive/I2 ratio for each system. Different optimum additive/I2 ratios were determined for TBP and NMBI, despite the fact that both generally work in a similar way. Further addition of GuNCS in the optimized electrolytic media causes significant synergistic effects, the action of GuNCS being strongly influenced by the nature of the corresponding co-additive. Under the best operation conditions, power conversion efficiencies as high as 8% were obtained

Modified Double Sampling Control Chart for Monitoring The Coefficient of Variation

Monitoring the coefficient of variation (CV) has received wide attention in quality control, mainly used when the process mean and standard deviation are not constant. This work proposes a modified Double Sampling (DS) chart for monitoring the CV, denoted DS-G chart, in order to improve the sensitivity of previous DS chart for monitoring the CV, denoted DS-γ chart. Some numerical results for statistical properties of the proposed chart and performance comparisons are provided in the form of tables. Based on the average number of observation to signal (ANOS) performance, the proposed DS-G chart outperforms the DS-γ chart

Effect of earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) in feed Formulation to Improve Fatty Acids Profile in eel (Anguilla bicolor) Meat

Eel requires unsaturated fatty acids of linolenic acid for growth. Which can be supplied from earthworms. In this study, addition of earthworm in formulation feed aimsed to improve the fatty acid profile eel meat. This research used experimental method and randomized complete design method with five treatments. Each treatment was repeated four times. The use of earthworms in feeding treatment formulation was done for 21 days with different level i.e: 0 % (P0), 25 % (P1), 50 % (P2), 75 % (P3) and 100 % (P4). The result showed that the addition of eartworm significantly influenced the omega 3 contents (EPA & DHA) of eel meat

Discriminant analysis of intermediate brain atrophy rates in longitudinal diagnosis of alzheimer's disease

Diagnosing Alzheimer's disease through MRI neuroimaging biomarkers has been used as a complementary marker for traditional clinical markers to improve diagnostic accuracy and also help in developing new pharmacotherapeutic trials. It has been revealed that longitudinal analysis of the whole brain atrophy has the power of discriminating Alzheimer's disease and elderly normal controls. In this work, effect of involving intermediate atrophy rates and impact of using uncorrelated principal components of these features instead of original ones on discriminating normal controls and Alzheimer's disease subjects, is inspected. In fact, linear discriminative analysis of atrophy rates is used to classify subjects into Alzheimer's disease and controls. Leave-one-out cross-validation has been adopted to evaluate the generalization rate of the classifier along with its memorization. Results show that incorporating uncorrelated version of intermediate features leads to the same memorization performance as the original ones but higher generalization rate. As a conclusion, it is revealed that in a longitudinal study, using intermediate MRI scans and transferring them to an uncorrelated feature space can improve diagnostic accuracy

Serial case reports: Pregnancy with Lucio’s phenomenon of leprosy in dr. Soetomo hospital, Surabaya

Leprosy is a complex disease which will affect in many aspects of the patient. In dr. Soetomo hospital, there were two cases of pregnancy with leprosy and Lucio’s phenomenon from 2014 until 2018. Both had been receiving multidrug therapy (MDT) before pregnancy but stopped due to lack of compliance. First case was resulted with term. Second case was admitted with worse condition than the first case, fetal growth restriction and ended with preterm delivery probably because the severity of the case. Lucio’s phenomenon incidence is increased in pregnancy due to immunodeficient condition. This serial case report shows that the initial diagnosis and optimum treatment of leprosy is very important especially in women of child-bearing age

Factors related to knowledge and perception of women about smoking: a cross sectional study from a developing country

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Smoking rates among women are currently low, but they are the fastest growing segment of cigarette smoking population in developing countries. We aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions towards smoking and to identify the factors related with level of knowledge and perceptions among adult women in urban slums.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This was a cross sectional study conducted on 250 adult (≥18 years of age) women attending primary care clinics in three slums of Karachi, Pakistan. A pre-tested and structured, interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Factors associated with level of understanding about smoking were analyzed with chi-square test.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Most of the women knew that smoking has adverse effects on women and children's health but the knowledge of specific health effects was limited. About one third of the women knew that active smoking can cause lung disease, but only a small percentage (7%) knew that it could lead to heart disease. None of the women were aware that smoking contributes to infertility and osteoporosis. A small proportion of women were aware that smoking can lead to low birth weight (7%), congenital anomalies (5%) and less than 1% of women knew that it contributes to pregnancy loss, still birth and preterm delivery. The understanding of passive smoking affecting children's lung was low (20%) and a similar proportion voiced concern about the bad influence of maternal smoking on children. Educated women had better knowledge of health effects of smoking. Education was associated with having better knowledge about effects on women health in general (p = 0.02) and specific effects like lung (p = 0.03) and reproductive health effects (p < 0.001). Education was also associated with knowledge regarding effects on fetus (p < 0.001) and children (p < 0.005). Although most of the women disliked being around smokers, more than one third thought that smoking decreases boredom (39%), tension (38%) and also helps to relax (40%). A large proportion (48%) of women had the misconception that smoking helps to reduce weight.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study reveals that women are aware of the general ill effects of smoking but fail to identify smoking to be associated with female maladies particularly those who were illiterate and had lower levels of education. Understanding and attitudes needs to be improved by increasing health awareness and education of women in these urban communities with special emphasis on the effects of smoking on women's health.</p