Space shuttle navigation analysis. Volume 2: Baseline system navigation

Studies related to the baseline navigation system for the orbiter are presented. The baseline navigation system studies include a covariance analysis of the Inertial Measurement Unit calibration and alignment procedures, postflight IMU error recovery for the approach and landing phases, on-orbit calibration of IMU instrument biases, and a covariance analysis of entry and prelaunch navigation system performance

Space shuttle navigation analysis

A detailed analysis of space shuttle navigation for each of the major mission phases is presented. A covariance analysis program for prelaunch IMU calibration and alignment for the orbital flight tests (OFT) is described, and a partial error budget is presented. The ascent, orbital operations and deorbit maneuver study considered GPS-aided inertial navigation in the Phase III GPS (1984+) time frame. The entry and landing study evaluated navigation performance for the OFT baseline system. Detailed error budgets and sensitivity analyses are provided for both the ascent and entry studies

Quantum Fields on the Groenewold-Moyal Plane: C, P, T and CPT

We show that despite the inherent non-locality of quantum field theories on the Groenewold-Moyal (GM) plane, one can find a class of ${\bf C}$, ${\bf P}$, ${\bf T}$ and ${\bf CPT}$ invariant theories. In particular, these are theories without gauge fields or with just gauge fields and no matter fields. We also show that in the presence of gauge fields, one can have a field theory where the Hamiltonian is ${\bf C}$ and ${\bf T}$ invariant while the $S$-matrix violates ${\bf P}$ and ${\bf CPT}$. In non-abelian gauge theories with matter fields such as the electro-weak and $QCD$ sectors of the standard model of particle physics, ${\bf C}$, ${\bf P}$, ${\bf T}$ and the product of any pair of them are broken while ${\bf CPT}$ remains intact for the case $\theta^{0i} =0$. (Here $x^{\mu} \star x^{\nu} - x^{\nu} \star x^{\mu} = i \theta^{\mu \nu}$, $x^{\mu}$: coordinate functions, $\theta^{\mu \nu} = -\theta^{\nu \mu}=$ constant.) When $\theta^{0i} \neq 0$, it contributes to breaking also ${\bf P}$ and ${\bf CPT}$. It is known that the $S$-matrix in a non-abelian theory depends on $\theta^{\mu \nu}$ only through $\theta^{0i}$. The $S$-matrix is frame dependent. It breaks (the identity component of the) Lorentz group. All the noncommutative effects vanish if the scattering takes place in the center-of-mass frame, or any frame where $\theta^{0i}P^{\textrm{in}}_{i} = 0$, but not otherwise. ${\bf P}$ and ${\bf CPT}$ are good symmetries of the theory in this special case.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, revised, 2 references adde

Disposition and residues of marbofloxacin in eggs of laying hens

Marbofloxacin belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones, used exclusively in domestic animals. This study was carried out with the purpose of studying the temporal disposition of marbofloxacin in edible compartments of the egg after administration of 1, 52 mg/kg of marbofloxacin in drinking water for 11 consecutive days in hens in posture peak and average weight of 1,91±0,25 kg. Birds were housed in individual cages under controlled light conditions, ambient temperature, relative humidity, water and balanced feed ad libitum. After the administration, eggs were collected daily and immediately separated into albumen and yolk, identified per bird/day and stored at-20°C until analysis. The preparative assay consisted in extraction of the analyte using 200 mg of yolk or albumen, as appropriate, in deionized water, homogenizing solution and enrofloxacin solution as internal standard. Separation and quantification were performed by HPLC by reverse phase isocratic elution with fluorescence detector, mobile phase composed of water, acetonitrile and triethylamine adjusted to pH 3. According to the peak areas of known concentrations, the concentrations of the test samples were calculated by simple linear regression. The established marbofloxacin levels are higher and more persistent in the yolk than in albumen, reaching 8 and 9 days, respectively. The disposition characteristics observed with marbofloxacin are compatible with the physico-chemical properties of the antimicrobial with the respective compartments of the egg and the time required for its formation. Data obtained from marbofloxacin depletion in egg compartments were analyzed using the EMEA WT 1.4 software and conjecturing a rigorous MRL (0,001 µg/kg), a withdrawal period of 13 and 17 days was estimated, for albumen and yolk, respectively.Fil: Errecalde, Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Urzúa Pizarro, Natala Francisca. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Prieto, G.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Luders, C.. Universidad Catolica de Temuco.; ChileFil: Liboa, Rosendo Anibal. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto; ArgentinaFil: Gramaglia, Romina Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados; Argentin

Quantum Fields on the Groenewold-Moyal Plane

We give an introductory review of quantum physics on the noncommutative spacetime called the Groenewold-Moyal plane. Basic ideas like star products, twisted statistics, second quantized fields and discrete symmetries are discussed. We also outline some of the recent developments in these fields and mention where one can search for experimental signals.Comment: 50 pages, 3 figures. v2: published versio

T and CPT Symmetries in Entangled Neutral Meson Systems

Genuine tests of an asymmetry under T and/or CPT transformations imply the interchange between in-states and out-states. I explain a methodology to perform model-indepedent separate measurements of the three CP, T and CPT symmetry violations for transitions involving the decay of the neutral meson systems in B- and {\Phi}-factories. It makes use of the quantum-mechanical entanglement only, for which the individual state of each neutral meson is not defined before the decay of its orthogonal partner. The final proof of the independence of the three asymmetries is that no other theoretical ingredient is involved and that the event sample corresponding to each case is different from the other two. The experimental analysis for the measurements of these three asymmetries as function of the time interval {\Delta}t > 0 between the first and second decays is discussed, as well as the significance of the expected results. In particular, one may advance a first observation of true, direct, evidence of Time-Reserval-Violation in B-factories by many standard deviations from zero, without any reference to, and independent of, CP-Violation. In some quantum gravity framework the CPT-transformation is ill-defined, so there is a resulting loss of particle-antiparticle identity. This mechanism induces a breaking of the EPR correlation in the entanglement imposed by Bose statistics to the neutral meson system, the so-called {\omega}-effect. I present results and prospects for the {\omega}-parameter in the correlated neutral meson-antimeson states.Comment: Proc. DISCRETE 2010, Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of Discrete Symmetries, December 2010, Rom

Normal tau polarisation as a sensitive probe of CP violation in chargino decay

CP violation in the spin-spin correlations in chargino production and subsequent two-body decay into a tau and a tau-sneutrino is studied at the ILC. From the normal polarisation of the tau, an asymmetry is defined to test the CP-violating phase of the higgsino mass parameter \mu. Asymmetries of more than \pm70% are obtained, also in scenarios with heavy first and second generation sfermions. Bounds on the statistical significances of the CP asymmetries are estimated. As a result, the normal tau polarisation in the chargino decay is one of the most sensitive probes to constrain or measure the phase \phi_\mu at the ILC, motivating further detailed experimental studies.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, gzipped tar fil

Searching for life with rovers: exploration methods and science results from the 2004 field campaign of the “Life in the Atacama” project and applications to future Mars Missions

LITA develops and field tests a long-range automated rover and a science payload to search for microbial life in the Atacama. The Atacama's evolution provides a unique training ground for designing and testing exploration strategies and life detection methods for the search for life on Mars

First Production and Detection of Cold Antihydrogen Atoms

The ATHENA experiment recently produced the first atoms of cold antihydrogen. This paper gives a brief review of how this was achieved.Comment: Invited talk at Int. Conf. on Low Energy Antiprotons 2003 (LEAP03), to be published in NIM

Digraph Complexity Measures and Applications in Formal Language Theory

We investigate structural complexity measures on digraphs, in particular the cycle rank. This concept is intimately related to a classical topic in formal language theory, namely the star height of regular languages. We explore this connection, and obtain several new algorithmic insights regarding both cycle rank and star height. Among other results, we show that computing the cycle rank is NP-complete, even for sparse digraphs of maximum outdegree 2. Notwithstanding, we provide both a polynomial-time approximation algorithm and an exponential-time exact algorithm for this problem. The former algorithm yields an O((log n)^(3/2))- approximation in polynomial time, whereas the latter yields the optimum solution, and runs in time and space O*(1.9129^n) on digraphs of maximum outdegree at most two. Regarding the star height problem, we identify a subclass of the regular languages for which we can precisely determine the computational complexity of the star height problem. Namely, the star height problem for bideterministic languages is NP-complete, and this holds already for binary alphabets. Then we translate the algorithmic results concerning cycle rank to the bideterministic star height problem, thus giving a polynomial-time approximation as well as a reasonably fast exact exponential algorithm for bideterministic star height.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figur