5,225 research outputs found
Hybrid stars in the light of the massive pulsar PSR J1614-2230
We perform a systematic study of hybrid star configurations using several
parametrizations of a relativistic mean-field hadronic EoS and the NJL model
for three-flavor quark matter. For the hadronic phase we use the stiff GM1 and
TM1 parametrizations, as well as the very stiff NL3 model. In the NJL
Lagrangian we include scalar, vector and 't Hooft interactions. The vector
coupling constant is treated as a free parameter. We also consider that
there is a split between the deconfinement and the chiral phase transitions
which is controlled by changing the conventional value of the vacuum pressure
in the NJL thermodynamic potential by , being a free parameter. We find that, as we
increase the value of , hybrid stars have a larger maximum
mass but are less stable, i.e. hybrid configurations are stable within a
smaller range of central densities. For large enough , stable
hybrid configurations are not possible at all. The effect of increasing the
coupling constant is very similar. We show that stable hybrid
configurations with a maximum mass larger than the observed mass of the pulsar
PSR J1614-2230 are possible for a large region of the parameter space of
and provided the hadronic equation of state contains nucleons
only. When the baryon octet is included in the hadronic phase, only a very
small region of the parameter space allows to explain the mass of PSR
J1614-2230. We compare our results with previous calculations of hybrid stars
within the NJL model. We show that it is possible to obtain stable hybrid
configurations also in the case that corresponds to the
conventional NJL model for which the pressure and density vanish at zero
temperature and chemical potential.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; typos in Table 1 have been correcte
Views of the Chiral Magnetic Effect
My personal views of the Chiral Magnetic Effect are presented, which starts
with a story about how we came up with the electric-current formula and
continues to unsettled subtleties in the formula. There are desirable features
in the formula of the Chiral Magnetic Effect but some considerations would lead
us to even more questions than elucidations. The interpretation of the produced
current is indeed very non-trivial and it involves a lot of confusions that
have not been resolved.Comment: 19 pages, no figure; typos corrected, references significantly
updated, to appear in Lect. Notes Phys. "Strongly interacting matter in
magnetic fields" (Springer), edited by D. Kharzeev, K. Landsteiner, A.
Schmitt, H.-U. Ye
Polyakov loop and the color-flavor locked phase of Quantum Chromodynamics
We consider the Polyakov Nambu Jona Lasinio model with three massless quarks
at high density and moderate temperature in the superconductive color flavor
locking phase. We compute the critical temperature as a function of the
baryonic chemical potential for the phase transition from the superconductive
state to the normal phase. We find that is higher by a factor 1.5 -2 in
comparison to the model containing no Polyakov loop. We also compute the
specific heat near the second order phase transition and we show that the
inclusion of the Polyakov loop does not change the value of the critical
exponent.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX4 styl
Magnetic-field Induced Screening Effect and Collective Excitations
We explicitly construct the fermion propagator in a magnetic field background
B to take the lowest Landau-level approximation. We analyze the energy and
momentum dependence in the polarization tensor and discuss the collective
excitations. We find there appear two branches of collective modes in one of
two transverse gauge particles; one represents a massive and attenuated gauge
particle and the other behaves similar to the zero sound at finite density.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; references on the zero sound added and typos
correcte
Microscopic study of 4-alpha-particle condensation with proper treatment of resonances
The 4-alpha condensate state for ^{16}O is discussed with the THSR
(Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-Roepke) wave function which has alpha-particle
condensate character. Taking into account a proper treatment of resonances, it
is found that the 4-alpha THSR wave function yields a fourth 0^+ state in the
continuum above the 4-alpha-breakup threshold in addition to the three 0^+
states obtained in a previous analysis. It is shown that this fourth 0^+
((0_4^+)_{THSR}) state has an analogous structure to the Hoyle state, since it
has a very dilute density and a large component of alpha+^{12}C(0_2^+)
configuration. Furthermore, single-alpha motions are extracted from the
microscopic 16-nucleon wave function, and the condensate fraction and momentum
distribution of alpha particles are quantitatively discussed. It is found that
for the (0_4^+)_{THSR} state a large alpha-particle occupation probability
concentrates on a single-alpha 0S orbit and the alpha-particle momentum
distribution has a delta-function-like peak at zero momentum, both indicating
that the state has a strong 4-alpha condensate character. It is argued that the
(0_4^+)_{THSR} state is the counterpart of the 0_6^+ state which was obtained
as the 4-alpha condensate state in the previous 4-alpha OCM (Orthogonality
Condition Model) calculation, and therefore is likely to correspond to the
0_6^+ state observed at 15.1 MeV.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, submitted to PRC
High energy cosmic-ray interactions with particles from the Sun
Cosmic-ray protons with energies above eV passing near the Sun may
interact with photons emitted by the Sun and be excited to a
resonance. When the decays, it produces pions which further decay to
muons and photons which may be detected with terrestrial detectors. A flux of
muons, photon pairs (from decay), or individual high-energy photons
coming from near the Sun would be a rather striking signature, and the flux of
these particles is a fairly direct measure of the flux of cosmic-ray nucleons,
independent of the cosmic-ray composition. In a solid angle within
around the Sun the flux of photon pairs is about \SI{1.3e-3}{}
particles/(kmyr), while the flux of muons is about \SI{0.33e-3}{}
particles/(kmyr). This is beyond the reach of current detectors like
the Telescope Array, Auger, KASCADE-Grande or IceCube. However, the muon flux
might be detectable by next-generation air shower arrays or neutrino detectors
such as ARIANNA or ARA. We discuss the experimental prospects in some detail.
Other cosmic-ray interactions occuring close to the Sun are also briefly
discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figure
Out of equilibrium dynamics of coherent non-abelian gauge fields
We study out-of-equilibrium dynamics of intense non-abelian gauge fields.
Generalizing the well-known Nielsen-Olesen instabilities for constant initial
color-magnetic fields, we investigate the impact of temporal modulations and
fluctuations in the initial conditions. This leads to a remarkable coexistence
of the original Nielsen-Olesen instability and the subdominant phenomenon of
parametric resonance. Taking into account that the fields may be correlated
only over a limited transverse size, we model characteristic aspects of the
dynamics of color flux tubes relevant in the context of heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures; PRD version, minor change
Invariant, super and quasi-martingale functions of a Markov process
We identify the linear space spanned by the real-valued excessive functions
of a Markov process with the set of those functions which are quasimartingales
when we compose them with the process. Applications to semi-Dirichlet forms are
given. We provide a unifying result which clarifies the relations between
harmonic, co-harmonic, invariant, co-invariant, martingale and co-martingale
functions, showing that in the conservative case they are all the same.
Finally, using the co-excessive functions, we present a two-step approach to
the existence of invariant probability measures
- …