Thermodynamic Interpretation of Field Equations at Horizon of BTZ Black Hole

A spacetime horizon comprising with a black hole singularity acts like a boundary of a thermal system associated with the notions of temperature and entropy. In case of static metric of BTZ black hole, the field equations near horizon boundary can be expressed as a thermal identity $dE = TdS + P_{r}dA$, where $E = M$ is the mass of BTZ black hole, $dA$ is the change in the area of the black hole horizon when the horizon is displaced infinitesimally small, $P_{r}$ is the radial pressure provided by the source of Einstein equations, $S= 4\pi a$ is the entropy and $T = \kappa / 2\pi$ is the Hawking temperature associated with the horizon. This approach is studied further to generalize it for non-static BTZ black hole and show that it is also possible to interpret the field equation near horizon as a thermodynamic identity $dE = TdS + P_{r}dA + \Omega_{+} dJ$, where $\Omega_{+}$ is the angular velocity and $J$ is the angular momentum of BTZ black hole. These results indicate that the field equations for BTZ black hole possess intrinsic thermodynamic properties near horizon.Comment: 8 page

Review of Sequential Access Method for Fingerprint Identification

Real time fingerprint identification is usually equipped with specific computation machine architecture to optimize speed factor. Focusing on achieving better speed performance of fingerprint identification on common computation machine, a disquisition was conducted on sequential access method for fingerprint identification, with its underlying data structure designed to work with parallel processing. Hypothetically, parallel processing based on multi-cores processor technology, can give faster result without reducing accuracy. If multi core processor was detected, simultaneous processes would run on fingerprint matching-pairs to find its similarity score, respectively. Experiment confirms that speed performance of fingerprint identification using sequential access method with parallel processing outperforms the one without parallel processing. For both strategy, even though using parallel processing confirms faster result, experiment shows that searching time O(n) still linearly depends on number of fingerprints in database. Avoiding such searching time trend, hypothetically, need strategy of direct access method utilization

Representations of Disability in Qur’anic Narratives

In some Muslim cultures disabled people are ridiculed, abused and face social injustice. Whilst there are texts which examine the representations of disabled people in a range of legal, social, religious, and cultural Muslim documents, there is a pau-city of literature which analyzes the representations of disabled people in the Qur’an. Applying critical discourse analysis, this study interprets two well-known Qur’anic stories. Through the application of thematic analysis, the phrases, clauses and sentences of these two stories are analyzed in order to present patterns of meaning which challenge ableism from a scriptural Islamic perspective

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Pharmacovigilance Among Health Care Professionals in Indonesia

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) defines pharmacovigilance (PV) as a science and activities related to detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effect or any other drug related problem. It aims to enhance patient care and patient safety in drug use. Although Indonesia has joined WHO International drug safety monitoring program since 1970s, the implementation is not applied effectively especially in developing country and there are poor contribution of health care professionals (HCPs) as an agent of the program. In this study, we assessed current knowledge, activities and practice of PV among HCPs in Indonesia. Methods: This is a preliminary survey using a questionnaire distributed among HCPs through health seminar and internet. The questionnaire consists of statement/question about knowledge(6), activities(6) and whether HCPs who encounter ADRs handle and report it correctly. If the respondents gave 80 % suitable answers in the knowledge or attitude sections, they were categorized as having “good” knowledge or attitude. We analyzed whether knowledge, attitude and other characteristic had any influence on the respodents PV practice. Results: We included 109 questionnaires from 118 distributed questionnaires. Most of the respondents were females (90 respondents, 82.6%), medical doctors (100 respondents, 91.7%), and were working in primary health care level. Good knowledge was found in 28 (25.7 %) of respondents, while good attitude towards PV were found in less than 20 % (18) of the respondents. Only 4 (3.7 %) of total respondents did a good pharmacovigilance practice. We found no significant association between level of knowledge, attitude and other factors to the poor pratice of PV. Conclusion: The knowledge, activities and practices of pharmacovigilance among HCPs in Indonesia were poor and requires a continuous socialization among HCPs in different level of care

Fingerprint Direct-Access Strategy Using Local-Star-Structure-based Discriminator Features: A Comparison Study

This paper describes a comparison study of the proposed fingerprint direct-access strategy using local-star-topology-based discriminator features, including internal comparison among different concerned configurations, and external comparison to the other strategies. Through careful minutiae-based feature extraction, hashing-based indexing-retrieval mechanism, variable-threshold-on-score-ratio-based candidate-list reduction technique, and hill-climbing learning process, this strategy was considered promising, as confirmed by the experiment results. For particular aspect of external accuracy comparison, this strategy outperformed the others over three public data sets, i.e. up to Penetration Rate (PR) 5%, it consistently gave lower Error Rate (ER). By taking sample at PR 5%, this strategy produced ER 4%, 10%, and 1% on FVC2000 DB2A, FVC2000 DB3A, and FVC2002 DB1A, respectively. Another perspective if accuracy performance was based on area under curve of graph ER and PR, this strategy neither is the best nor the worst strategy on FVC2000 DB2A and FVC2000 DB3A, while on FVC2002 DB1A it outperfomed the others and even it gave impressive results for index created by three impressions per finger (with or without NT) by ideal step down curve where PR equal to 1% can always be maintained for smaller ER.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i5.658

Solutions for f(R) gravity coupled with electromagnetic field

In the presence of external, linear / nonlinear electromagnetic fields we integrate f(R) \sim R+2{\alpha}\surd(R+const.) gravity equations. In contrast to their Einsteinian cousins the obtained black holes are non-asymptotically flat with a deficit angle. In proper limits we obtain from our general solution the global monopole solution in f(R) gravity. The scale symmetry breaking term adopted as the nonlinear electromagnetic source adjusts the sign of the mass of the resulting black hole to be physical.Comment: 7 pages no figure, final version for publication in European Physical Journal