HILS based Waypoint Simulation for Fixed Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Hardware in loop simulation HILS-based waypoint simulation for fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles is proposed in this paper. It uses an open-source arducopter as a flight controller, mission planner, and X-plane simulator. Waypoint simulation is carried out in the flight controller and executed in an X-plane simulator through a mission planner. A fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle with an inverted T tail configuration has been chosen to study and validate waypoint flight control algorithms. The data transmission between mission planner and flight controller is done by serial protocol, whereas data exchange between X-plane and mission planner is done by User Datagram Protocol (UDP). APM mission planner is used as a machine interface to exchange data between the flight controller and the user. User inputs and flight gain parameters, both inner loop and outer loop, can be modified with the help of a mission planner. In addition to that, the mission planner provides a visual output representation of flight data and navigation algorithm

A Novel Architecture of Radix-3 Singlepath Delay Feedback (R3SDF) FFT Using MCSLA

Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is widely used in digital signal processing and telecommunications, particularly in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems, to overcome the problems associated with orthogonal subcarriers. A new algorithm of radix-3 FFT has been introduced in this work. The DFT of length N can be realized from three DFT sequences; each of length N/3.Radix-3 algorithm reduces the number of multiplications required for realizing DFT.A novel design of Radix-3pipelined Single path Delay Feedback (R3SDF) FFT using MCSLA has been proposed in this paper. First, the pipelined radix-3 SDF FFT method has been designed. It has less area and large power consumption and delay. In order to overcome these problems, modified carry select adder structure is used to perform the adder operation for reducing the power consumption and delay. Finally, the MCSLA is integrated into radix-3 SDF FFT processor. The hardware complexity and execution time for implementing radix-3 FFT algorithm can be reduced than other FFTs

Regular Semiopen Sets on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Topological Spaces in Sostak’s Sense

We introduce the concepts of fuzzy (r; s)-regular semi (resp. (r; s)-α, (r; s)-pre, (r; s)-β open sets, their respective interior and closure operators on intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces in ˆ Sostak’s sense and then we investigate some of their characteristic properties

Major Ion Chemistry and Groundwater Quality Evaluation for Irrigation

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Groundwater analyzed in the study area of Coimbatore district by collecting 60 samples from agricultural belt. Groundwater quality for irrigation is determined by several key factors like pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Total suspended solids (TDS). The cations such as Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+ ) and anions are Hydrocarbon (HCO3), Carbonate (CO3 -), Chlorides (Cl-)and Sulphates (SO4 2-) are tested. The irrigation water quality parameters such as Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Chloro Alkali Indices (CA I & CAII), Kelley’s Ratio (KR), Magnesium Hazard (MH), Percent sodium (%Na) and Permeability Index (PI), Soluble sodium Percent (SSP) are computed from the key factors, anions and cations. From the USSL Diagram the samples fall in C2S1, C3S1, C4S1 range. Salinity hazard is too elevated in the study area, all the samples are categorized under high to very high with the values greater than 750 μS/cm. Total dissolved solid in the study area indicated that only 2 locations are unfit for irrigation. SAR and % Na shows that there is no hazard related to irrigation watering. Magnesium hazard in the groundwater is high and indicates 51 sample out of 60 is unsuitable for irrigation. From the study it indicates the groundwater is contaminated with salt content and in most of the area it can be used for irrigation. Keywords: Groundwater, Irrigation water quality, Salinity hazard, Kelley’s ratio, Magnesium hazar

Determinants of Willingness-to-Pay A Premium Price for Integrated Pest Management Produced Fruits and Vegetables in Trinidad

Overuse of pesticide in crop production poses enormous challenges to the health of farm families, consumers, and the environment. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecosystem approach to crop production that combines different management strategies and practices to grow healthy crops and minimize the use of pesticides. As a result of increasing awareness, education and per capita income, there is an increasing concern for food safety and demand for safe products among consumers of high-income countries. Consequently, this study was conducted among 266 randomly surveyed consumers of an affluent Caribbean country, Trinidad to ascertain the factors influencing consumers Willingness-To-Pay (WTP) a premium price for IPM grown-fruits and vegetables. The consumers responses for the dichotomous question, Would you be Willing to Pay an additional cost of 10% for the IPM produces from the current market prices? were analysed using Binary logit regression model. Results indicated that females ageing over 26 years and having children, those with higher annual income and higher level of education were all most likely to pay a premium to obtain IPM grown fruits and vegetables. Willingness-to-purchase IPM produce was found to increase with income, education and age. The findings of this study are promising to those developing marketing strategies, besides enabling the producers to understand that producing fruits and vegetables through IPM would fetch them premium

(R1514) Nano Continuous Mappings via Nano M Open Sets

Nano M open sets are a union of nano θ semi open sets and nano δ pre open sets. The properties of nano M open sets with their interior and closure operators are discussed in a previous paper. In this paper, we discuss about nano M-continuous and nano M-irresolute functions are introduced in a nano topological spaces along with their continuous and irresolute mappings. Also, nano M-open and nano M-closed functions are introduced and compare with their near open and closed mappings in a nano topological spaces. Further, nano M homeomorphism is also discussed in nano topological spaces. Also, we discuss nano e-Cts, nano e-Irr, nano eo and nano ec functions and nano eHom in nano topological spaces. Also some of their properties are well discussed

Cone bean computed tomographic evaluation, localization and surgical management of Non-syndromic Inverted mesiodens in close proximity to nasal floor: Case report and review of literature

Supernumerary teeth are numerical developmental anomaly defined as an additional teeth present as a complement to the normal dentition. Mesiodens is relatively a most common anomaly in the developing dentition stages. This article presents the case report of a 6-year old girl child who with the chief complaint of malaligned upper front teeth. On detailed clinical and radiographic examination the presence of vertically impacted mesiodens in the anterior region with close proximity to nasal floor was noted. The child didn’t have any relevant medical or dental history. Due to pertaining complexity and its close proximation to the nasal floor it was decided to carryout extraction of mesiodens under general anesthesia. Following the extraction of mesiodens under general anesthesia after the scheduled recovery appropriate post-operative instructions were given to the child and their parents and the child was discharged. Follow up was scheduled after 1 week which showed uneventful healing of the surgical site and subsequent eruption of maxillary right lateral incisor. Mesiodens belong to the category of supernumerary teeth which can result numerous dentofacial defects if not removed promptly. Hence parents must have considerable attention and seek dental help whenever they notice an asymmetric pattern of teeth eruption in their children. In this case scenario the mesiodens were removed as it prevented the eruption of successor permanent teeth which henceforth resulted with considerable esthetic concerns for the child due to its prolonged retention within the dental arch

A Note on Strongly Gorenstein X-Flat Modules

Mao and Ding introduced the concept of injective modules. D. Bennis and N. Mahdou introduced and studied the concept of strongly Gorenstein projective and injective modules. In this article, we have introduced and examined strongly Gorenstein-flat modules, which are the generalizations of strongly flat modules. Further, we have linked them with the strongly Gorenstein-projective module