306 research outputs found
Grafting melons onto potential cucumis spp. rootstocks
Cucumís
melo
is
an
economically
importar]t
crop.
Its
culture
is
hampered
by
differen
t
types
of
soil
stresses.
Grafting
melons
onto
different
resistant
cucurbits
belonging
to
the
genera,
Cucurbíta,
Lagenaría,
Luffa,
etc.
have
been
successfully
used
to
avoid
these
problems.
However,
me
Ion
quality
has
been
nega.tively
modified
as
a
consequence
of
grafting.
In
general,
variation
in
fruit
shape,
seed
cavity
and
sugar
content
have
been
observed.
The
use
of
rootstocks
more
genetically
c\oser
to
the
melon
scions
could
be
useful
to
obtain
fru
i
ts
with
better
quality
from
melon
grafted
plantsPostprint (published version
Quantum algorithm for the Laughlin wave function
We construct a quantum algorithm that creates the Laughlin state for an
arbitrary number of particles in the case of filling fraction one. This
quantum circuit is efficient since it only uses local qudit gates
and its depth scales as . We further prove the optimality of the circuit
using permutation theory arguments and we compute exactly how entanglement
develops along the action of each gate. Finally, we discuss its experimental
feasibility decomposing the qudits and the gates in terms of qubits and two
qubit-gates as well as the generalization to arbitrary filling fraction.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Histone acetyltransferase-deficient p300 mutants in diffuse large B cell lymphoma have altered transcriptional regulatory activities and are required for optimal cell growth
Simulation of gauge transformations on systems of ultracold atoms
We show that gauge transformations can be simulated on systems of ultracold
atoms. We discuss observables that are invariant under these gauge
transformations and compute them using a tensor network ansatz that escapes the
phase problem. We determine that the Mott-insulator-to-superfluid critical
point is monotonically shifted as the induced magnetic flux increases. This
result is stable against the inclusion of a small amount of entanglement in the
variational ansatz.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure
Optimizing NANOS OpenMP for the IBM Cyclops multithreaded architecture
In this paper, we present two approaches to improve the execution of OpenMP applications on the IBM Cyclops multithreaded architecture. Both solutions are independent and they are focused to obtain better performance through a better management of the cache locality. The first solution is based on software modifications to the OpenMP runtime library to balance stack accesses across all data caches. The second solution is a small hardware modification to change the data cache mapping behavior, with the same goal. Both solutions help parallel applications to improve scalability and obtain better performance in this kind of architectures. In fact, they could also be applied to future multi-core processors. We have executed (using simulation) some of the NAS benchmarks to prove these proposals. They show how, with small changes in both the software and the hardware, we achieve very good scalability in parallel applications. Our results also show that standard execution environments oriented to multiprocessor architectures can be easily adapted to exploit multithreaded processors.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Solid-phase microextraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry applied to the analysis of insecticides in honey
A mutation in the melon Vacuolar Protein Sorting 41prevents systemic infection of Cucumber mosaic virus
[EN] In the melon exotic accession PI 161375, the gene cmv1, confers recessive resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) strains of subgroup II. cmv1 prevents the systemic infection by restricting the virus to the bundle sheath cells and impeding viral loading to the phloem. Here we report the fine mapping and cloning of cmv1. Screening of an F2 population reduced the cmv1 region to a 132 Kb interval that includes a Vacuolar Protein Sorting 41 gene. CmVPS41 is conserved among plants, animals and yeast and is required for post-Golgi vesicle trafficking towards the vacuole. We have validated CmVPS41 as the gene responsible for the resistance, both by generating CMV susceptible transgenic melon plants, expressing the susceptible allele in the resistant cultivar and by characterizing CmVPS41 TILLING mutants with reduced susceptibility to CMV. Finally, a core collection of 52 melon accessions allowed us to identify a single amino acid substitution (L348R) as the only polymorphism associated with the resistant phenotype. CmVPS41 is the first natural recessive resistance gene found to be involved in viral transport and its cellular function suggests that CMV might use CmVPS41 for its own transport towards the phloem.The TILLING platform is supported by the Program Saclay Plant Sciences (SPS, ANR-10-LABX-40) and the European Research Council (ERC-SEXYPARTH). This work was supported by grants AGL2009-12698-C02-01 and AGL2012-40130-C02-01 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, the Spanish Ministry of Econom and Competitiveness, through the "Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D" 2016-2019 (SEV-2015-0533)" and the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.Giner, A.; Pascual, L.; Bourgeois, M.; Gyetvai, G.; Rios, P.; Picó Sirvent, MB.; Troadec, C.... (2017). 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SNP genotyping in melons: genetic variation, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 126, 1285–1303, doi: 10.1007/s00122-013-2053-5 (2013).Leida, C. et al. Variability of candidate genes, genetic structure and association with sugar accumulation and climacteric behavior in a broad germplasm collection of melon (Cucumis melo L.). BMC Genetics 16, 28, doi: 10.1186/s12863-015-0183-2 (2015).Balderhaar, H. Jk & Ungermann, C. CORVET and HOPS tethering complexes – coordinators of endosome and lysosome fusion. Journal of Cell Science 126, 1307–1316, doi: 10.1242/jcs.107805 (2013).Darsow, T., Katzmann, D. J., Cowles, C. R. & Emr, S. D. Vps41p Function in the Alkaline Phosphatase Pathway Requires Homo-oligomerization and Interaction with AP-3 through Two Distinct Domains. Molecular Biology of the Cell 12, 37–51 (2001).Ostrowicz, C. W. et al. Defined subunit arrangement and Rab interactions are required for functionality of the HOPS tethering complex. 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Brazilian melon landraces resistant to Podosphaera xanthii are unique germplasm resources
"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [FULL CITE], which has been published in final form at [Link to final article using the DOI]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."[EN] Podosphaera xanthii is the most important causal agent of powdery mildew
in melon, a crop ranked within the most economically important species
worldwide. The best strategy to face this fungus disease, which causes important
production losses, is the development of genetically resistant cultivars. Genetic
breeding programmes require sources of resistance, and a few ones have
been reported in melon, mostly in Momordica and Acidulus horticultural
groups. However, the existence of many races that reduces the durability of
the resistance makes necessary to find new resistant genotypes with different
genetic backgrounds.
In this work, Brazilian germplasm, together with a set of Indian landraces,
and the COMAV¿s (Institute for the Conservation and Breeding of Agricultural
Biodiversity) melon core collection, representing the whole variability of the
species, were assessed for resistance against some common races in Spain and
Brazil and genotyped with a 123-SNP (single nucleotide polymorphisms) genotyping
platform to study the molecular relationships of the resistant accessions.
In the first experiment, carried out in Valencia (Spain) in 2013, seventy-nine
melon accessions were evaluated using artificial inoculation. Five accessions
selected as resistant were also evaluated against races 1, 3, and 5 in Mossoró
(Brazil, 2015) and against race 3.5 in Valencia (2016) under greenhouse conditions,
and under four field conditions in Brazil. The accessions, AL-1, BA-3,
CE-3, and RN-2, within the Brazilian collection, presented resistance against
all the races of P. xanthii assayed in all conditions tested. AL-1, CE-3 and RN-2
were molecularly more similar to wild agrestis and Acidulus melons from Asia
and Africa, while BA-3 grouped with Momordica types. Molecular analysis also
confirmed that these new Brazilian sources of resistance differ from those previously
reported, constituting interesting materials to encourage genetic breeding
programmes, especially in Brazil and Spain.This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq ( Processes: 485739/2013-5; 312315/2013-9) and CAPES-DPGU (294/2013) and by the projects funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad AGL2014-53398-C2-1-R and AGL2014-53398-C2-2-R (jointly funded by FEDER). We also thank Sakata Seed Sudamerica Ltda for the inoculum source for the different P. xanthii races employed.Nunes, EWLP.; Esteras Gómez, C.; Ricarte, AO.; Martínez-Pérez, EM.; Gómez-Guillamon, ML.; Nunes, GHS.; Picó Sirvent, MB. (2017). Brazilian melon landraces resistant to Podosphaera xanthii are unique germplasm resources. Annals of Applied Biology. 171(2):214-228. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12370S214228171
Fruit flesh volatile and carotenoid profile analysis within the Cucumis melo L. species reveals unexploited variability for future genetic breeding
[EN] BACKGROUNDAroma profile and carotenoids content of melon flesh are two important aspects influencing the quality of this fruit that have been characterized using only selected genotypes. However, the extant variability of the whole species remains unknown.
RESULTSA complete view of the volatile/carotenoid profiles of melon flesh was obtained analyzing 71 accessions, representing the whole diversity of the species. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to analyze 200 volatile compounds and five carotenoids. Genotypes were classified into two main clusters (high/low aroma), but with a large diversity of differential profiles within each cluster, consistent with the ripening behavior, flesh color and proposed evolutionary and breeding history of the different horticultural groups.
CONCLUSIONOur results highlight the huge amount of untapped aroma diversity of melon germplasm, especially of non-commercial types. Also, landraces with high nutritional value with regard to carotenoids have been identified. All this knowledge will encourage melon breeding, facilitating the selection of the genetic resources more appropriate to develop cultivars with new aromatic profiles or to minimize the impact of breeding on melon quality. The newly characterized sources provide the basis for further investigations into specific genes/alleles contributing to melon flesh quality. (c) 2018 Society of Chemical IndustryWe would like to thank the metabolomics lab at the IBMCP for technical support. This work was supported by ERA-PG project (MELRIP: GEN2006-27773-C2-2-E), Plant KBBE project (SAFQIM: PIM2010PKB-00691), Accion Complementaria ACOMP/2012/173 and ACOMP/2013/141, and Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad AGL2014-53398-C2-2-R & AGL2010-20858 (jointly funded by FEDER).Esteras Gómez, C.; Rambla Nebot, JL.; Sánchez, G.; López-Gresa, MP.; González-Mas, M.; Fernández-Trujillo, J.; Belles Albert, JM.... (2018). Fruit flesh volatile and carotenoid profile analysis within the Cucumis melo L. species reveals unexploited variability for future genetic breeding. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 98(10):3915-3925. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8909S391539259810Pitrat, M. (2016). Melon Genetic Resources: Phenotypic Diversity and Horticultural Taxonomy. Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models, 25-60. doi:10.1007/7397_2016_10Pitrat, M. (s. f.). Melon. Vegetables I, 283-315. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30443-4_9Esteras, C., Formisano, G., Roig, C., Díaz, A., Blanca, J., Garcia-Mas, J., … Picó, B. (2013). SNP genotyping in melons: genetic variation, population structure, and linkage disequilibrium. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 126(5), 1285-1303. doi:10.1007/s00122-013-2053-5Leida, C., Moser, C., Esteras, C., Sulpice, R., Lunn, J. E., de Langen, F., … Picó, B. (2015). Variability of candidate genes, genetic structure and association with sugar accumulation and climacteric behavior in a broad germplasm collection of melon (Cucumis melo L.). BMC Genetics, 16(1). doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0183-2Gonda, I., Burger, Y., Schaffer, A. A., Ibdah, M., Tadmor, Y., Katzir, N., … Lewinsohn, E. (2016). Biosynthesis and perception of melon aroma. Biotechnology in Flavor Production, 281-305. doi:10.1002/9781118354056.ch11Allwood, J. W., Cheung, W., Xu, Y., Mumm, R., De Vos, R. C. H., Deborde, C., … Goodacre, R. (2014). 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Combined Stress Conditions in Melon Induce Non-additive Effects in the Core miRNA Regulatory Network
[EN] Climate change has been associated with a higher incidence of combined adverse environmental conditions that can promote a significant decrease in crop productivity. However, knowledge on how a combination of stresses might affect plant development is still scarce. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as potential targets for improving crop productivity. Here, we have combined deep-sequencing, computational characterization of responsive miRNAs and validation of their regulatory role in a comprehensive analysis of response of melon to several combinations of four stresses (cold, salinity, short day, and infection with a fungus). Twenty-two miRNA families responding to double and/or triple stresses were identified. The regulatory role of the differentially expressed miRNAs was validated by quantitative measurements of the expression of the corresponding target genes. A high proportion (ca. 60%) of these families (mainly highly conserved miRNAs targeting transcription factors) showed a non-additive response to multiple stresses in comparison with that observed under each one of the stresses individually. Among those miRNAs showing non-additive response to stress combinations, most interactions were negative, suggesting the existence of functional convergence in the miRNA-mediated response to combined stresses. Taken together, our results provide compelling pieces of evidence that the response to combined stresses cannot be easily predicted from the study individual stresses.This work was supported by grants PID2019-104126RB-I00 (GG), PIE2019-103998GB-I00 (SE), and AGL2017-85563-C2-1R (BP) funded byMCIN/Spain's Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) and "ERDF A way of making Europe" and by PROMETEO projects 2019/012 (SE) and 2017/078 and 2021/072 (BP) (to promote excellence groups) by the Conselleria d'Educacio, Investigacio, Cultura i Esports (Generalitat Valenciana). JM-M (ACIF-2017-114) and AH-A (ACIF-2021-202)
are recipients of a predoctoral contract from the Generalitat Valenciana.Villalba-Bermell, P.; Marquez-Molins, J.; Marques, M.; Hernandez-Azurdia, AG.; Corell-Sierra, J.; Picó Sirvent, MB.; Monforte Gilabert, AJ.... (2021). Combined Stress Conditions in Melon Induce Non-additive Effects in the Core miRNA Regulatory Network. Frontiers in Plant Science. 12:1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.769093S1151
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