Genel Ortaöğretim Okullarının Büyüklüğü ile Okul İklimi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationships between school size and school climate in public high schools in Turkey. Survey model was used and the data was collected from 6,755 participants who are working and studying in 2009-2010 school year, in fifteen different city centre public high schools. Data was collected by "Perception of School Climate Scale (PSCS)" from 260 administrators, 1,084 teachers and 5,411 students. Results revealed that communication and human relations, problem behaviors and the sense of belonging to school varied depending on school size. Small schools surpassed medium and large schools in terms of communication and human relations. However, as the number of student’s increased, the rate of problem behaviors also increased. Similarly, the sense of belonging in small schools was more intense in comparison to medium and large schools. According to the results of the study, the reduction of the schools size would be appropriate.Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki ortaöğretim okullarının büyüklüğü ile okul iklimi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Tarama modeli kullanılan araştırmada, veriler 2009-2010 öğretim yılında onbeş il merkezindeki genel liselerde görev yapan ve öğrenim gören 6,755 katılımcıdan elde edilmiştir. Veriler “Okul İklimi Algısı Ölçeği” ile 260 okul yöneticisi, 1,084 öğretmen ve 5,411 öğrenciden elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada iletişim ve insan ilişkileri, istenmeyen davranışlar ve okula aitlik duygusu okul büyüklüğüne göre farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Küçük okullar, iletişim ve insan ilişkileri bakımından, orta büyüklükteki okullar ve büyük okullardan daha üstündürler. Bununla birlikte öğrenci sayısı arttıkça, istenmeyen davranışlarda da artış gözlenmiştir. Benzer olarak, küçük okullarda okula aitlik duygusu, orta büyüklükteki okullar ve büyük okullardan daha yoğun düzeydedir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre okulların küçültülmesi uygun olacaktır

Alkaloids in Marine Algae

This paper presents the alkaloids found in green, brown and red marine algae. Algal chemistry has interested many researchers in order to develop new drugs, as algae include compounds with functional groups which are characteristic from this particular source. Among these compounds, alkaloids present special interest because of their pharmacological activities. Alkaloid chemistry has been widely studied in terrestrial plants, but the number of studies in algae is insignificant. In this review, a detailed account of macro algae alkaloids with their structure and pharmacological activities is presented. The alkaloids found in marine algae may be divided into three groups: 1. Phenylethylamine alkaloids, 2. Indole and halogenated indole alkaloids, 3. Other alkaloids