Attribut (Propoxycarbazone-sodium) herbisitinin ve BioPOWER (AlkylEtherSulphateSodiumSalt) surfaktantı ilave edilen Attribut’un buğday bitkisi (Triticum aestivum L.) üzerindeki toksik etkilerinin belirlenmesi

Bu çalışma, buğday tarlalarında kullanılan Attribut (propoxycarbazonesodium)’un ve bu herbisitle kullanılması uygun olan BioPower (alkylethersulphate sodiumsalt) surfaktantı eklenmiş Attribut’un farklı dozlarının buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) bitkisi üzerindeki bazı toksik etkilerini saptamak amacıyla yapıldı. Laboratuvarda yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda saptanan EC (Etki Konsantrasyonu) değerinin, Çiftçi koşulu olan (0.42 mM Attribut) (ÇK) değerine denk olduğu gözlendi. Çalışmada, Attributun toksik etkisini saptamak için, (0.21 mM Attribut) (ÇK/2), (0.42 mM Attribut) (ÇK), (0.82 mM Attribut) (ÇK*2), (1.68 mM Attribut) (ÇK*4) dozları kullanıldı. BioPower ile beraber Attribut toksik etkisini gözlemek için ise kullanılan dozlara % 0.25 BioPower surfaktantı ilave edildi. Uygulama tohum muameleli ve yaprak püskürtmeli olmak üzere iki şekilde yapıldı. Esas olarak kullanılan dört dozun buğday bitkisi üzerindeki toksik etkileri morfolojik, anatomik, sitolojik, biyokimyasal ve genetik yönden araştırıldı. İstatistiksel değerlendirme, AXA507C775506FAN3 seri numaralı STATISTICA AXA 7.1 istatistik programı kullanıldı. Dozlar arasında anlamlılık değeri (p?0.05) olarak belirlendi. Araştırmalar sonucunda Attribut’un çalışmada kullanılan dozlarının buğday bitkisi üzerinde (0.82 mM Attribut) (ÇK*2) (0.82 mM Attribut + % 0.25 BioPower) (ÇKS*2) uygulaması ve daha yüksek doz uygulamalarında, toksik etkiler meydana getirdiği, BioPower ile beraber Attribut uygulamasında ise bu etkinin daha fazla olduğu saptandı

Plants Used as Folk Medicine for Prevention of Some Cancer Diseases

In the literature, it is seen that some plants have a positive effect on prevention and treatment of some cancer types. In the right amount, with the right plant and at the right time, using some medicinal folk plants prevented of some types of cancer. The aim of the study was to give some information of eight medicinal plants using for the treatment of some cancer types. When studies and articles which were published in last 10 years on the subject were reviewed, 25 of the plants on which most cancer research was carried out were determined. Among these plants, photographs of plants which are used extensively among the public are given, and the therapeutic effects are given by comparing them with each other. According to the results of the literature research%253B in the context of cancer and plant relationship, the regular use of Matricaria chamomilla, Capsicum annuum, Brassica oleracea, Morus alba, Allium sativum, Malva sylvestris and Olea europaea has been shown to inhibit the formation of many cancer types and prevent cancer. Aloe vera, Olea europaea and Morus alba has been found to be effective in the treatment of the wounds caused by chemotherapy. It is concluded that Capsicum annuum prevents prostate, pancreas and uterine cancer, Brassica oleracea prevents food borne, stomach, intestinal and breast cancers, Morus alba prevents lung and prostate cancers, Allium sativum prevents breast, esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum cancers and Olea europaea prevents especially pancreas, liver, stomach and breast cancers

Rotavirus and adenovirus frequency among patients with acute gastroenteritis and their relationship to clinical parameters: a retrospective study in Turkey

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Diarrhea is the third leading cause of death related to infectious diseases all over the world. The diseases related to viral gastroenteritis are gradually increasing, particularly in the developed countries. The purpose of our study was to determine the frequency and to investigate the clinical manifestations of acute rotavirus and adenovirus gatroenteritis and to assess the diagnostic value of the related clinical findings.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In 2007-2008 patients with diarrhea and/or vomiting attended to Yeditepe University Hospital and related clinics, Istanbul, were studied. The rotavirus and/or adenovirus antigen in stool of these patients were investigated. Data regarding clinical findings were collected from the electronic records, retrospectively. Age, gender, symptoms, fever, antibiotic use, vomiting, number of vomiting and diarrhaeae, dehydration, abdominal pain, the other pathological physical examination findings were analyzed by the physicians in the study group. To investigate the rotavirus and adenovirus antigen CerTest Rota-Adeno Blister Test (CerTest, Biotec, Spain), a qualitative immunochromotographic assay was used. Statistical analysis wasperformed with SPSS v. 11,5 statistical software. X²test was used for bivariate and logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Rotavirus positivity was 18,7% (n = 126). Concomitantly, in 596 cases adenovirus antigen test were also performed. Adenovirus positivity was 8,9% (n = 53) and rota-adenovirus co-infection was 4,4% (n = 26). Most of rotavirus positive cases were seen in December, January, February and March (p < 0.001). In clinical parameters, there was a significant difference between rotavirus positive cases and negative cases regarding to vomiting, dehydration and vomiting and diarrhea coexistence (respectively p = 0.010, p < 0.00, p = 0.007).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Rotavirus can be seen in all age groups, but more frequently in childhood. Although there is no clinical gold standard to distinguish the rotavirus cases from the other gastroenteritis agents, the findings of dehydration and vomiting-diarrhea coexistence, considering months of referral may lead clinician to perform rapid antigen tests and affect approach to the treatment. Prospective studies with representative samples are needed to determine the rotavirus and adenovirus incidence and to develop safe and reliable protective policies in our country.</p

The Rational Use of Oxalic Acid Against to “Varroa Destructor”; Regional Scale Pilot Scheme

Varroa destructor mite poses a serious problem for the future of bee populations around the world. Today, there are many commercial drugs with the same and different active ingredients on the market to chemically control over of Varroa destructor. More frequent chemical applications for against Varroa destructor increases stress resilience, colony losses, loss of yield and residue problems in bee products. The scope of this project is aimed to determine the appropriate control method of Varroa by investigating the efficiency values of the evaporation and dropping methods of Oxalic acid. Experimental area were chosen three different apiaries. 28 colonies were determined in each apiary and equalization studies (area with brood, number of bees with bees, age of queen bees, honey, pollen, etc.) were carried out in these colonies. The determined colonies were randomly divided into 4 groups as 7 colonies. The first group is the control group, the second group is applying 2 g of oxalic acid by vaporizing, the third group is 4% oxalic acid 5 ml of sugar syrup (1:1) is dropped between the frames, and in the fourth group, the fight against a drug that is determined by the beekeeper in the market without interfering with the beekeeper. In order to evaluate the data, samples were taken for four periods, before and after spraying in spring and autumn. While the varroa measurements in the group of syrup, vapor and spraying were found to be statistically less than the control group, the syrup, vapor and spraying groups were statistically similar in terms of varroa measurements. Oxalic acid syrup application showed higher efficiency in spring and autumn than vapor application. There is no statistically difference between both two-application method reveals that it can be used as an effective and safe alternative to chemical control against varroa

Assessment the effect of diabetes education on self-care behaviors and glycemic control in the Turkey Nursing Diabetes Education Evaluating Project (TURNUDEP): a multi-center study

Background: Diabetes education in Turkey is provided by diabetes nurse educators in almost all healthcare organizations. However, the education is not standardized in terms of learning content, duration, and methods. This multi-center study was performed to assess the self-care behaviors and glycemic control following education provided to the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by diabetes nurse educators. Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study and included 1535 patients admitted to 28 public hospitals for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The education was assessed by using a Patient Identification Form and Self-care Scale. Results: The proportion of individuals who received diabetes education within the last year was 78.5%, with 46.7% of them having received it once. Of the patients, 84.8% reported that they received diabetes education individually. It was found that the proportion of individuals who received education about oral antidiabetics (78.5%) and glucose testing at home (78.5%) was higher than the proportion of individuals who received education about exercise (58.8%) and foot care (61.6%). The status of diabetes education, education intervals, and the correlation of the education method with self-care and glycemic control was evaluated. Self-care and glycemic control levels were better among the patients who received diabetes education thrice or more and in patients who received education both individually and in a group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Approximately three-quarters of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus received education by diabetes nurse educators in Turkey. Diabetes education is positively correlated with self-care and glycemic control levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Efforts for generalization and standardized education for all diabetes patients are necessary. © 2022, The Author(s)

Levodopa-refractory hyperprolactinemia and pituitary findings in inherited disorders of biogenic amine metabolism

Elevated serum prolactin concentrations occur in inherited disorders of biogenic amine metabolism because dopamine deficiency leads to insufficient inhibition of prolactin secretion. This work from the International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders (iNTD) presents the results of the first standardized study on levodopa-refractory hyperprolactinemia (LRHP; &gt;1000 mU/L) and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in patients with inherited disorders of biogenic amine metabolism. Twenty-six individuals had LRHP or abnormal pituitary findings on MRI. Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiencies were the most common diagnoses (n = 22). The median age at diagnosis of LRHP was 16 years (range: 2.5-30, 1st-3rd quartiles: 12.25-17 years). Twelve individuals (nine females) had symptoms attributed to hyperprolactinemia: menstruation-related abnormalities (n = 7), pubertal delay or arrest (n = 5), galactorrhea (n = 3), and decreased sexual functions (n = 2). MRI of the pituitary gland was obtained in 21 individuals; six had heterogeneity/hyperplasia of the gland, five had adenoma, and 10 had normal findings. Eleven individuals were treated with the dopamine agonist cabergoline, ameliorating the hyperprolactinemia-related symptoms in all those assessed. Routine monitoring of these symptoms together with prolactin concentrations, especially after the first decade of life, should be taken into consideration during follow-up evaluations. The potential of slow-release levodopa formulations and low-dose dopamine agonists as part of first-line therapy in the prevention and treatment of hyperprolactinemia should be investigated further in animal studies and human trials. This work adds hyperprolactinemia-related findings to the current knowledge of the phenotypic spectrum of inherited disorders of biogenic amine metabolism

Marka iletişim faaliyetlerinin genç tüketicilerin marka tercihlerine etkileri GSM sektöründe bir uygulama

MARKA İLETİŞİM FAALİYETLERİNİN GENÇ TÜKETİCİLERİN MARKA TERCİHLERİNE ETKİLERİ; GSM SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR UYGULAMA Günümüzde reklamların, halkla ilişkilerin, satış geliştirmenin ve kişisel satış gibi marka iletişim faaliyetleri ile daha sık karşılaşmamız nedeniyle markaların görülmesi ve duyulması daha zor bir hale gelmiştir. Yoğun rekabet ortamında markaların tüketiciye ulaşmaları ve diğer marka mesajlarının arasında kendi mesajlarını fark ettirebilmeleri başarılı bir marka iletişimden geçmektedir. Özellikle GSM sektöründe gençlerin marka iletişiminde hedef kitle olarak medyada sıkça yer aldıkları görülmektedir. Bu çalışma ile gençlerin GSM sektöründe marka tercihlerini etkileyen faktörler, uygulanan marka iletişim faaliyetlerinin gençleri ne derece etkilediği ve bu uygulanan iletişim faaliyetlerinin genç tüketicilerin marka bazında algılamaları araştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler : Marka, Marka İletişimi, Gençlik, GSM ABSTRACT THE EFFECTS OF BRAND COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES FOR YOUTH CONSUMERS; A PRACTICE IN GSM SECTOR Nowadays, we are faced a lot with brand communication activities like; advertisement, public relations, sales promotion and personal sales, because of this it’s hard to realise the brands. In intense contention enviroment, the brands have to has a good brand communication programme as if they want to reach consumers and make consumers realised the brand messages between the other brand messages. Especially in GSM sector, in media it is seen that the youth consumers are target audiences in brand communication activities. In this research, the factors of brand choices for youth consumers, the brand communication activities how to effect the youth consumers and youth consumers perceptions of thar activities has been examined. Keywords : Brand, Brand Communication, Youth, GS

The role of pharmacists in Kırklareli (Turkey) as primary health care providers

This study was carried out in Kırklareli in 2005. The aim was to investigate the role of pharmacists as primary health care providers. In 63.5% of the total number of 55 pharmacies taking part in the research, there was no health care service within a 150 meter range. The remaining pharmacies, constituting 36.4%, did have health care services within a 150 meter range. These were in the proximity of either village clinics (55%), state hospitals (35%), or private hospitals (10%). 51.9% of the pharmacists are female and 48.1% male, and usually, they employ 1 or 2 assistants; only 1.9% do not employ an assistant. The assistants are between the ages of 20-29, and most of them are high school graduates. 27.4% of them work 10 hours a day, and 43.5% of them work 11 hours a day. 23.3% of the medicine sold in pharmacies in the most recent week of the study was unprescribed. 84% of the pharmacists told the patient to inform them of any adverse reactions and/or side effects. In the case of adverse reactions and/or side effects, 57.7% of patients informed the pharmacist before consulting a doctor. 100% of the pharmacists guided the patient to TÜFAM (The National Pharmacovigilance Centre-in Turkey). Pharmacists encounter drug poisoning very infrequently (5.7%) and respond to it 100% of the time. In the most recent week of the study, no one applied for an HIV test. 94.1% of the pharmacists do not approve of the selling of over-the-counter drugs. As a result of this study, we learned that provisions for the primary health care services given at pharmacies were not present in existing legislation, although there is a demand for them in the affected communities

A Quasi-Experimental Study Analyzing the Effectiveness of Portable High-Efficiency Particulate Absorption Filters in Preventing Infections in Hematology Patients during Construction

Objective: The increased risk of infection for patients caused by construction and renovation near hematology inpatient clinics is a major concern. The use of high-efficiency particulate absorption (HEPA) filters can reduce the risk of infection. However, there is no standard protocol indicating the use of HEPA filters for patients with hematological malignancies, except for those who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This quasi-experimental study was designed to measure the efficacy of HEPA filters in preventing infections during construction. Materials and Methods: Portable HEPA filters were placed in the rooms of patients undergoing treatment for hematological malignancies because of large-scale construction taking place near the hematology clinic. The rates of infection during the 6 months before and after the installation of the portable HEPA filters were compared. A total of 413 patients were treated during this 1-year period. Results: There were no significant differences in the antifungal prophylaxis and treatment regimens between the groups. The rates of infections, clinically documented infections, and invasive fungal infections decreased in all of the patients following the installation of the HEPA filters. When analyzed separately, the rates of invasive fungal infections were similar before and after the installation of HEPA filters in patients who had no neutropenia or long neutropenia duration. HEPA filters were significantly protective against infection when installed in the rooms of patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, patients who were undergoing consolidation treatment, and patients who were neutropenic for 1-14 days. Conclusion: Despite the advent of construction and the summer season, during which environmental Aspergillus contamination is more prevalent, no patient or patient subgroup experienced an increase in fungal infections following the installation of HEPA filters. The protective effect of HEPA filters against infection was more pronounced in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, patients undergoing consolidation therapy, and patients with moderate neutropenia