Political participation from a citizenship perspective

Conventional academic studies on political participation mostly focus on electoral politics including electoral systems, political party structures and their interaction with other governmental processes. These studies adopt an approach that presumes the existence of a pre-defined people (demos). Hence, existing literature on electoral politics and government structures take for granted a pre-defined demos and then survey participatory practices. Yet, there is another way to study political participation. It can be studied from the angle of citizenship. This involves an approach that does not rely on an ex post facto interest in the activities of a pre-defined demos but one that unravels the factors that go into its definition. Study of political participation from a citizenship perspective contains an effort to problematize the very notion of demos. Decoupling of national identity and participation empowers a vision of citizenship not as membership in a nation-state but as a set of rights that include multi-cultural rights. It is the contention of this article that European Union processes have the potential to contribute to the deepening of democratization by promoting diversity through introduction of denationalization of citizenship as well as processes of deliberation in member and candidate countries

EU Integration and the Change of Spatial Organization in Turkey

After 1980, economic agenda changed and international trade and integration to global and regional systems gained more importance in Turkey, like in many countries. As a candidate of the EU Turkey as well has experienced a change in the spatial organization. It has been shown by many other studies that integration process leads to a change in the industrial structure and spatial organization. The effect of the removal or lowering of trade barriers and its effects on the industrial location has been widely investigated in the New Economic Geography literature. These effects are of great importance for some essential grounds of European Integration, such as a balanced regional development and decreasing inequalities among regions to increase overall competitiveness, since they may cause an increase in the regional disparities and conflict with main targets of integration. This paper analyses the change of spatial organization in Turkey through the integration process to the EU by using location quotient, dissimilarity index and some other indicators and tries to show whether if spatial organization changed in favour of existing centres or if new centres have emerged.

Modification Of Poly(glycidyl Methacrylate) Grafted Onto Crosslinked Pvc With Tertiary Amine Group And Use For Removing Acidic Dyes From Water

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2009Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2009Bu çalışmada, ATRP yöntemiyle, glisidil metakrilat kısmen dehidroklorine edilmiş PVC (DHPVC) üzerine aşılanmış ve bu reaksiyonun polimerizasyon kinetiği incelenmiştir. Daha sonra elde edilen polimerik reçinenin dietilaminin aşırısı ile reaksiyonunda, tersiyer amin içeren polimerik reçine elde edilmiştir. Yüzeyden başlama polimerizasyon yöntemiyle PVC polimerinin yetersiz kalabilen yüzey özellikleri, çeşitli fonksiyonel grupların takılmasıyla geliştirilmiştir. Polimerlere takılabilen birçok fonksiyonel grup arasında epoksi grup, birçok kimyasal reaksiyon ile modifiye edilebildiğinden, oldukça önemli sayılmaktadır. Epoksi gruplar amin gibi çeşitli reaktiflerle halka açılması reaksiyonuna uğrarlar. Bu yüzden epoksi grup taşıyan polimerler birçok fonksiyonlandırma olanağı sunarlar. Yüzey özellikleri geliştitirilmiş polimerik reçine FT-IR ve UV gibi spektrofotometrik ve analitik yöntemlerle karakterize edilmiştir. Polimerik reçinenin değişik pH ortamlarında boya tutma kapasiteleri çalışılmıştır. Polimerik reçinenin 0.3-0.45 g boya / g reçine gibi yüksek miktarda anyonik boya tutabildiği tespit edilmiştir. Farklı pH’larda çalışılması boya tutma özelliğini çok etkilememektedir. Polimerik reçinenin değişik pH aralıklarında çalışabilmesi, ve rejenerasyon çalışmalarının da tatmin edici seviyede olması, reçinenin endüstriyel uygulamalarda kullanılabilirliği açısından önemlidir.In this study, glycidylmethacrylate is grafted onto partially dehydrochlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (DHPVC) using ATRP method and polymerization kinetics of the reaction is studied. Then, the polymeric resin was interacted with excess of diethylamine, giving a tertiary amine containing sorbent. Surface initiated polymerizations have been widely used to overcome inadequate properties of poly(vinylchloride) (PVC). Epoxy group is one of the most important type to be integrated into polymers. This functional group can be modified using various chemical reactions to introduce different functional properties onto the polymeric surfaces. They undergo ring opening reaction with various compounds like amine groups. For this reason, polymers with epoxy groups offer numerous functionalization possibilities. This polymeric resin will be characterized by using spectrophotometric methods such as FT-IR , UV and analytical methods. Dye loading capacities of the resin was studied in water and different pH medium. The resin shows reasonably high dye sorptions as high as 0.3 – 0.45 per gram polymer. There are no big differences depending on pH. It is important to note that the resin can be used in a wide pH range. This property is important in utilization of the resin in industrial applications. Ability of the polymeric resin to work at different pH media, and the satisfying regeneration capacities for different anionic type dyes makes the polymeric resin important to be utilised for different industrial applications.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

Militan eşcinsele karşıyım

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 24-Attila İlha

Remarks on the etymology of Old Turkic yutuz

Language, which is the main carrier of culture, and culture are two things that complement each other. The language of an individual is shaped under the influence of the society and community the person lives in as a part of it. The feelings and mentality of people of former periods have left their imprint on and are reflected in the language. Bearing this in mind, in the present study an attempt is made to explain and elucidate the etymology of the Old Turkic word yutuz ‘wife, woman’

Coming to terms with the 12 September Coup D’état: the South African experience reconsidered

The objective of this article is to determine whether particular processes, mechanisms and principles employed to deal with the past in one society can be applied to another with a different legacy of past abuses. This question will be answered by analyzing applicability of some of the practices and principles of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission to Turkey where there are an ongoing prosecutions regarding the 12 September 1980 Coup D’état. It concludes that “truth commission” as a transitional justice measure can be adopted in Turkey and complement trials due to the limitations and shortcomings of the indictment and prosecution process. However, only certain aspects of theSouth African TRC can be relevant for a future truth commission in Turkey, as there is no one-size-fits-for-all model for transitional justice and as the practices and the principles of the South African TRC is historically and politically contingent. It is argued that that the public, institutional and thematic hearings should be core elements of a future truth commission in Turkey as they have a capacity to demonstrate broader social context of large-scale abuses and to establish collective responsibility regarding the 12 September 1980 coup d’état as well as to create a space for victims’ to share their plight. New truths to guide the society should be adopted as they enable the re-presentations or reinterpretation of the facts, which were used to justify systemic use of violence and, therefore, show that these abuses are not justified. However, granting individualized amnesty for crimes against humanity should not be embraced it may not conform to international law and by contributing to on-going legacy of impunity, it might cause serious problems in terms of achieving reconciliation

New Institutionalism in Cross- Border Cooperation: The Case of Edirne-Kýrklareli Border Region of Turkey

Institutions take essential roles in the organization of social life. Ranging from institutionalized informal practices to strict laws and regulations and various public and private organizations, institutions have diffused to day- to- day activities. In this way they do not only regulate social interactions and reduce the transaction costs in the society but also transpose the given social/ political dynamics across different political/ administrative scales. From the supra national scale to the nation- state and to the regional levels this transposition ensures the reproduction of the social structure at these political/ administrative scales. However, institutions also provide a ground for intervention and change, through which the agency of individual and institutional actors intervenes and modifies the wider institutional structure. Therefore the analysis of institutions in any given social setting, enables the researcher i) to map the dynamics of interaction among actors; ii) to understand the wider social/ political and economic factors that affect this setting; and iii) to locate the points of intervention, which through interpretation and invention of methods of resistance allows institutional actors to transcend the structural constrains and to create a unique institutional mechanism. The new institutional theory and especially its three main strands (rational choice, sociological and historical institutionalism) provide a wide array of perspectives for analysing and understanding above-mentioned institutional dynamics. Although these three strands rely on theoretical backgrounds that often contradict with each other; their combined use grasps the diversity and complexity of institutional structures more accurately than using a single approach and excluding the remaining perspectives. Based on a field research conducted in the summer of 2013 at the north-western border region (Edirne- Kýrklareli provinces) of Turkey, this study performs a new institutional analysis for evaluating the major institutional dynamics of cross- border cooperation in the region. For this purpose, various components of the institutional structure of cross- border cooperation are analysed with respect to the three major strands of new institutional theory. The analysis uses the differing theoretical backgrounds of the three strands of new institutionalism to develop a comprehensive understanding of the institutional structure of cross- border cooperation in the region and place it within the wider social/ political structure as well as within the local context. For this purpose the results of the analyses are brought together and discussed in relation to the structure and agency dichotomy. This theoretical conceptualization allows the researcher to find a common ground among the three new institutionalist strands and to use the analysis for establishing a coherent picture of the institutional structure of cross- border cooperation in Edirne- Kýrklareli border region

Investigation of the feeding process at concentrate feeding stations for horses in group housing

Computer-controlled concentrate feeding stations are increasingly used to guarantee an individual feed supply of group-housed horses. Blocking times caused by horses remaining in the feeding station without concentrate allowance are classified as a widespread problem in practice. To date, stimulation devices applying an electric impulse seem to be the only reliable means to prevent these blocking times efficiently. However, the scientific community describes the application of an electric impulse to force the horses to leave the feeding station as incompatible with animal welfare considerations. The aim of the present study was to optimise the feeding process at concentrate feeding stations for horses in group housing. The optimisation primarily focused on the prevention of blocking times caused by horses without concentrate allowance. The studies were conducted at a concentrate feeding station operated at a horse farm under common practice conditions. The first study examined the effectiveness of an innovative stimulation device in preventing the occurrence of blocking times. For this purpose, an apparatus was developed which applied compressed air between the horses’ hind legs. The behaviour of 16 horses was observed over a period of 3 x 24 h in each of the four trial periods. Initially, the blocking behaviour of the horses could be reduced significantly by the application of compressed air. The increase of the horses’ average daily blocking duration and blocking frequency in the course of the test series indicated the occurrence of a habituation effect over time. The second study examined if the feeding management implemented at a concentrate feeding station influences the horses’ blocking and activity behaviour. The behaviour of 19 horses was observed over a period of 3 x 24 h in each of the three trial periods (1. 24-hour feeding; 2. Daytime feeding; 3. Three feeding times). The implementation of three feeding times reduced the horses’ blocking frequency as well as the blocking duration significantly. Furthermore, it could be observed that the horses’ activity behaviour was highest with the application of three feeding times. Nevertheless, the adjustment of the feeding frequency did not reliably prevent the occurrence of blocking times. The present thesis contributes to the development and improvement of concentrate feeding stations for horses in group housing. It has become obvious that the emergence of blocking times is a very complex issue and that the use of concentrate feeding stations goes far beyond the simple utilisation as a feeding device. Against this background, practical recommendations for action as well as further research focuses are pointed out in the present thesis