Ailelerin çocuklarını bilime yönlendirme düzeylerini belirleme: Ölçek geliştirme çalışması

This study aims to develop a scale that can be used to determine the levels of how families shape children’s engagement with science. The study was conducted in the basic research design. The data collection was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the data obtained from the scale applied to 324 people were subjected to exploratory factor analysis. In the second stage, data from 181 people were used for confirmatory factor analysis. As a result of the EFA, it was found that the factor loads ranged from .521 to .893, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was .866, the total variance explained was 62.254%, and the Cronbach’s alpha value was .907. As a result of the CFA, however, it was found that the X2/df value was 2, and the RMSEA value was .079. Thus, a 5-point, 3-factor Likert type scale, consisting of 18 items, was obtained with validity and reliability according to the analysis results. The factors involved in the scale were called “Practical Applications (Activities and Experiments)”, “Introduction to Science” and “Building Scientific Foundations”. With the developed scale, it is believed that researchers in the field can determine the level of orientation of children of families with different demographics and children of different age groups to science.Bu çalışmanın amacı, ailelerin çocuklarını bilime yönlendirme düzeylerini belirlemek için kullanılabilecek bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Çalışma temel araştırma niteliğinde yürütülmüştür. Amaç doğrultusunda ilk olarak ilgili alan yazın taranarak madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan madde havuzu uzman görüşüne sunulmuş ve daha sonra ölçeğin pilot uygulaması yapılmıştır. Uygulama kapsamında toplam 505 ebeveyn araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Uygulama iki aşamada yürütülmüştür. Birinci aşamada 324 kişiye uygulanan ölçekten elde edilen veriler açımlayıcı faktör analizine tabi tutulmuştur. İkinci aşamada ise 181 kişiye uygulanan ölçekten elde edilen veriler doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için kullanılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucu faktör yüklerinin .521 ile .893 arasında değiştiği, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin değerinin .866, açıklanan toplam varyansın %62.254 ve Cronbach’s Alpha değerinin ise .907 olduğu bulunmuştur. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucu ise X2/Sd değerinin 2 olduğu, RMSEA değerinin .079 olduğu bulunmuştur. Yapılan araştırma doğrultusunda elde edilen verilerin analiz sonuçlarına göre araştırmacılar tarafından geçerliği ve güvenirliği sağlanmış 18 maddeden oluşan 5’li likert tipinde 3 faktörlü bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Ölçekte yer alan faktörler “Pratik Uygulamalar (Etkinlik ve Deney)”, “Bilimle Tanıştırma” ve “Bilimsel Temel Oluşturma” olarak adlandırılmıştır. Geliştirilen ölçek ile alandaki araştırmacıların, farklı demografik özelliklere sahip ve farklı yaş gruplarında çocuğu olan ailelerin çocuklarını bilime yönlendirme düzeylerini belirleyebileceği düşünülmektedir

The Effects Of Dietary Propionic Acid Supplementation For Laying Hens On Performance, Egg Quality Traits And Some Blood Parameters

Yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına farklı düzeylerde (0,100, 200 ve 300 ppm) propiyonik asit eklenmesinin performans, yumurta kalitesi ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkisini araştırmak maksadıyla yürütülen çalışmada, 28 haftalık yaşta 96 adet, Loghmann LSL tipi beyaz yumurtacı tavuk kullanılmıştır. Yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına 100, 200 ve 300 ppm seviyelerinde propiyonik asit ilavesinin yumurta verimi ve yemden yararlanma oranını linear olarak iyileştirdiği gözlenmiştir. Rasyona propiyonik asit ilavesinin yumurta kalitesiyle ilgili parametreler(yumurta kabuk kalınlığı, yumurta kırılma mukavemeti, yumurta sarı ve akı indeksi, haugh birimi) bakımından deneme grupları arasında önemli bir farklılık oluşturmuşturr (P<0,05). Serum parametrelerinden trigliserid, AST ve P hariç, incelenen diğer parametreler (kolesterol, glukoz, ALP, ALT, Ca) muameleden etkilenmemiştir. Yapılan polinomiyal analizle rasyona değişik seviyelerde propiyonik asit ilavesinin serum trigliserid ve P içeriğini kuadratik, AST içeriğini ise kübik olarak etkilediği belirlenmiştir.This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of four different levels (0, 100, 200, 300 ppm) of propionic acid supplementation into diets of laying hens on performance, egg quality and some blood parameters. The trial consisted of a total of 96, 28 wks old, Lohmann white layers were allocated randomly four experimental groups. During the study, each experimental group of six replicates of four birds was fed with four treatment diets. Results showed that supplementation of different levels propiyonic acid into layer diet linearly improved feed conversion ratio, and increased egg production. Egg quality traits such as shape index, albumen index, yolk index, shell strength, shell thickness, yolk color and Haugh unit were not affected by propiyonic acid supplementation into layer diet. Except for triglyceride, AST and P, other serum parameters such as cholesterol, glukoz, ALP, ALT and Ca did not affected by the propionic acid supplementation. Adding at different levels of propionic acid to diets of laying hens affected quadratically serum triglyceride, P and AST as cubically

Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia Detected After Traumatic Delivery: Case Report

Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (NAIT), a complication of maternal alloimmunization against fetal platelets, is the result of immune destruction of platelets due to maternal antibodies in the early period. The cause of thrombocytopenia here is by antibodies developed against human platelet antigens frequently inherited from the mother. The clinical manifestations of NAIT extend from asymptomatic to severe bleeding. Platelet suspension can be used in the setting of severe thrombocytopenia or life-threatening bleeding. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is another treatment option. A case who had no clinical finding except diffuse ecchymoses after traumatic delivery, but was considered to have NAIT due to severe thrombocytopenia and was successfully treated with platelet suspension and IVIG is presented

The relationship of economic growth and carbon-dioxide emissions: an application on member countries of Organization of Islamic Cooperation

Motivation: Humanity has benefited from natural resources in production activities throughout history and this pressure on natural resources has increased even more with the efforts of industrialization. In this process, people benefited heavily from fossil fuels in their production and distribution activities, thereby damaging the environment and the atmosphere to a large extent. With the destruction of the environment, it has become important for the countries and the academic circles to measure environmental damage with the increase of economic activities in order to take various measures. Aim: At this point, in this study, the relationship between economic growth and carbon-dioxide emissions was examined within the scope of 50 countries that are members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). In this process, annual data of the countries concerned between 1995 and 2017 were used; Pedroni Cointegration Analysis, Granger Causality Analysis, Pooled Mean Group Estimator (PMGE) and Mean Group Estimator (MGE) methods were used to measure and estimate the relationship between these two variables. The causality analysis shows that the economic growth is the Granger cause of carbon-dioxide emissions in the country group studied. In addition, the coefficients obtained in PMGE and MGE analyzes were found as 0.43 and 0.33 and were statistically significant and positive. Then, with the help of Hausman Homogeneity Test, it was decided between the two estimators, and it concluded that PMGE Estimator is the more reliable estimator. Results: The results obtained with the PMGE estimator indicate that the 1% increase in economic growth increased carbon dioxide emission by 0.43%

Evaluation of Germination, Emergence and Physiological Properties of Sugar Beet Cultivars Under Salinity

DergiPark: 947001trkjnatThis study aimed to determine a useful selection criterion for salt tolerance during the early development stage of sugar beet. Four sugar beet cultivars (Orthega, Valentina, FD Shoot, and Mohican) were exposed to NaCl stresses (Control, 5, 10, and 15 dS m-1), and morphological and physiological characteristics were investigated. Germination percentage, mean germination time (MGT), seedling length, and seedling fresh weight (SFW) in germination test; emergence percentage, mean emergence time (MET), root length, shoot length, plant fresh weight, relative chlorophyll content (Chl), relative water content (RWC) and electrolyte leakage of the plants grown in pod experiment were measured. The results showed that the maximum germination at control was recorded in FD Shoot, but it gave the lowest germination at 15 dS m-1. In the pod experiment, the highest emergence rate was detected in Orthega and Mohican at all levels of NaCl. Increased salinity delayed MET and led to reduction in shoot length, root length, and RWC of sugar beet cultivars. Relative Chl content and electrolyte leakage enhanced from 32.7 SPAD and 21.6% in control to 38.5 SPAD and 35.6% in 10 dS m-1, respectively. In general, there were significant differences among sugar beet cultivars, and they could keep the salinity up to 5 dS m-1 in terms of the investigated traits. It was concluded that relative Chl content and electrolyte leakage should be used a promising clue for selection of tolerant or sensitive sugar beet cultivars for salinity.Bu çalışmada, erken gelişim döneminde şeker pancarının tuza toleransı için faydalı bir seçim kriteri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. NaCl stresine (Kontrol, 5, 10 ve 15 dS m-1) maruz bırakılan dört şeker pancarı çeşidinde (Orthega, Valentina, FD Shoot ve Mohican) morfolojik ve fizyolojik özellikler incelenmiştir. Çimlenme testinde; çimlenme yüzdesi, ortalama çimlenme süresi, fide uzunluğu ve fide yaş ağırlığı, çıkış testinde; çıkış yüzdesi, ortalama çıkış süresi, kök uzunluğu, sürgün uzunluğu, bitki yaş ağırlığı, bağıl su içeriği, bağıl klorofil içeriği ve elektrolit sızıntısı ölçülmüştür. Sonuçlar, FD Shoot çeşidinde en yüksek çimlenmenin kontrol, en düşük çimlenmenin ise 15 dS m-1 seviyesinde kaydedildiğini göstermiştir. Çıkış testindeki tüm NaCl seviyelerinde en yüksek çıkış yüzdesi Orthega ve Mohican çeşitlerinde tespit edilmiştir. Artan NaCl seviyeleri ile şeker pancarı çeşitlerinde ortalama çıkış süresi gecikmiş ve sürgün uzunluğu, kök uzunluğu ve bağıl su içeriği azalmıştır. Bağıl klorofil içeriği ve elektrolit sızıntısı, kontrol ve 10 dS m-1 seviyelerinde sırasıyla 32,7 SPAD ve %21,6; 38,5 SPAD ve %35,6 olarak belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak, şeker pancarı çeşitleri arasında önemli farklılıklar bulunmuş ve incelenen özellikler açısından çeşitler 5 dS m-1'e kadar olan tuzluluğa tolerans göstermişlerdir. Bağıl klorofil içeriği ve elektrolit sızıntısının, tuzluluğa toleranslı veya hassas şeker pancarı çeşitlerinin seçiminde umut verici bir ipucu olarak kullanılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Evaluation of cornea and anterior chamber results of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Objective: To evaluate the anterior segment findings measured via corneal topography of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and to compare the findings with normal subjects.Methods: A total of 43 eyes from 43 patients with OSAS and 43 eyes from 43 healthy persons who were referred to eye clinics from 2012 to 2016 were randomly selected and included in this retrospective study. Routine eye examination and anterior segment findings measured via corneal topography were recorded for both groups. Central corneal thickness (CCT), keratometry values (K1, K2, and Kmax), corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and anterior chamber angle (ACA) of the two groups were compared.Results: The mean CCT values of the control and OSAS groups were 567.23 +/- 31.17 and 544.4 +/- 36.44 (p=0.002), respectively. The mean CV (HR) was found to be 60.51 +/- 8.44 in the control group and 59.78 +/- 3.47 in the OSAS group (p=0.04). There was no statistically significant difference between the OSAS and control groups in terms of mean age, K1, K2, Kmax, ACV, ACD, and ACA (p>0.05). The mean apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) score of the OSAS group was found to be 21.82 +/- 12.79. There was no negative or positive correlation between the AHI score and age, CCT, K1, K2, Km, SCL, SCL, SCA, and CV.Conclusion: Central corneal thickness and CV are lower in OSAS patients than in normal people

Assessment of optic disc and ganglion cell layer in diabetes mellitus type 2

The purpose of this study was to compare the optic disc parameters, retinal nerve fiber (RNFL), and macular ganglion cell layers between patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 and healthy controls. In this cross-sectional study, 69 eyes of 69 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy and 47 eyes of 47 healthy controls were included. Optic disc parameters (i.e., rim area, disc area, cup to disc ratio, cup volume), RNFL, and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layers (GCL+IPL) thickness were measured by means of spectral domain optical coherence tomography. There were not statistically significant differences between the diabetic patients and healthy controls in terms of RNFL thickness (P=.32), rim area (P=.20), disc area (P=.16), cup volume (P=.12), and average macular GCL+IPL thickness (P=.11). Nevertheless, binocular RNFL thickness symmetry percentage (P=.03), average cup to disc ratio (P=.02), and superior-nasal macular GCL+IPL thickness (P=.04) were statistically significantly different in the diabetic and control groups. Diabetic patients without retinopathy have more binocular RNFL thickness asymmetry, higher cup to disc ratio, and thinner sectoral macular GCL+IPL when compared to healthy controls. Our results may support the statement that DM causes inner retinal neurodegenerative changes. © 2017 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc

The Optimum Plant Density for Vigorous Seed Production in Safflower

Seed viability and vigor have been influenced by several factors including soil and climatic conditions, plant nutrition, fertilization, irrigation, plant population and post-harvest storages. The study was conducted to determine the appropriate plant density for vigorous seed production in safflower. The effects of row spacing (14 and 28 cm) and seeding rate (40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 seeds m-2) on yield, yield components and seed quality of safflower were detected in the study. The results showed that increased seeding rates resulted in enhanced seed yield and the highest seed yield was obtained from 14 cm and 200 seed m-2 with 3320 kg ha-1. The row spacing and seeding rate did not cause a significant difference in oil and protein contents. Laboratory emergence, germination after accelerated ageing (AA) and electrical conductivity tests were suitable for determining seed quality among the seed lots, while standard germination, cool and cold tests were not appropriate. The highest laboratory emergence percentage and germination after AA were determined in 80 seed m-2 but field emergence percentage in 120 seed m-2. It was concluded that the 14 cm row spacing and seeding rate of 120 seed m-2 should be advised for high yielding seed production regardless of seed vigor in safflower

Examining Hakkari University Students’ Views on the Nature of Science and Epistemological Thoughts

DergiPark: 371216trakyasobedTheaim of the study is to examine the relationship between the nature of scienceand epistemological views of undergraduate and associate degree studentsstudying at Hakkari University. Quantitative design was preferred in the study.The Scientific Epistemological Beliefs Scale, adapted by Turkish, by Acat,Tüken and Karadağ developed by Elder has been applied to determineepistemological views. The Scientific Nature Scale developed by Özgenen (2013) wasused. The population of the research is the undergraduate and pre-graduatestudents who from the universities that continue to the developing areestablished in 2007-2008. Due to the selected by appropriate sampling method, thesample of the study is 230 undergraduate and undergraduate students attend the HakkâriUniversity. According to thegeneral results of the research, it was found that the mean scores of thenatural opinions of the teachers’ candidates were averaged points and the epistemologicalviews were also prone to scepticism. In addition, a statistically significantrelationship was found between the participants’ natural views of science andtheir epistemological views.Araştırmanın amacı HakkariÜniversitesinde eğitim gören lisans ve ön lisans öğrencilerinin bilimin doğasıve epistemolojik görüşleri arasındaki korelasyon çalışması olarakbelirlenmiştir. Araştırmada nicel desen tercih edilmiştir. Epistemolojik görüşlerin belirlenmesi içinElder tarafından geliştirilen Acat, Tüken ve Karadağ tarafından Türkçeyeuyarlanan Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnanç Ölçeği, bilimin doğası görüşlerininincelenmesi için de Özgelen (2013) tarafından geliştirilen Bilimin DoğasıÖlçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni 2007-2008 yıllarında kurulan vegelişmekte olan üniversitelere devam eden lisans ve ön-lisans öğrencileridir. Araştırmada uygun örnekleme yöntemi uygulanarak Hakkâri Üniversitesindeeğitim gören 230 lisans ve ön lisans öğrencisine yer verilmiştir. Araştırmanıngenel sonuçlarına göre öğretmen adaylarının bilimin doğası görüşlerinin ortalamapuana yakın değerler aldığı, epistemolojik görüşlerinin de skeptik düşünceyeyatkın olduğu bulunmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra katılımcıların bilimin doğasıgörüşleri ile epistemolojik görüşleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı birilişki tespit edilmiştir.