Secrets of adipose tissue function

Adipose tissue is a complex, essential, and highly active metabolic and endocrine organ. Adipose tissue plays a critical role in energy homeostasis, not only in storing triglycerides, but also by secreting adipokines that control feeding, thermogenesis, immunity, and neuroendocrine function via responding to nutritional, neural, and hormonal signals. Adipose tissue secretes bioactive peptides, termed ‘adipokines', which act locally and distally through theirautocrine, paracrine and endocrine effects. Adipokines include hormones such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, visfatin, apelin, adipsin, acylation stimulating protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, proteins of the renin-angiotensin system, metallothionein and fasting-induced adipose factor. There is already considerable evidence of links between increased production of some adipocyte factors and the metabolic and cardiovascular complications of obesity. Adipose tissue excess or obesity, particularly in the visceral compartment, is associated with insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and prothrombotic and proinflammatory states. The aim of this review presents an overview of the endocrine functions of adipose tissue

THE EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMAL BEHAVIORS OF A JACKETED HEAT EXCHANGER WITH A STIRRER

In this study, the thermal performance of a jacketed heat exchanger with a stirrer was experimentally and numerically investigated under different jacket side water inlet temperature and flow rate conditions. In the numerical study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD)model of the heat exchanger was generated and the analyzes were performed with the ANSYS-Fluent software package. In addition, a stirrer was added to both the experimental and the numerical study to obtain the effects of the stirrer on the temperature and velocity values of the water in the tank. It was seen that the results of the analyzes performed under similar conditions to the experimental study were in good agreement with the experimental study. It was concluded that the effect of the flow rate decreases with increasing inlet temperature. When the stirrer was activated and the flow rate was increased from 0.5 to 2.5 l/min in 30, 40, and 50°C inlet temperature conditions, the time to reach the target temperature inside the tank decreased from approximately 1600 to 900, from 2500 to 1350, and from 4900 to 1400, respectively. In general, it was observed that the effect of the stirrer increased with increasing inlet temperature in all flow rate conditions

Saddam Hüseyin'in I. döneminde Türkiye – Irak ilişkileri (1979-1991)

Tezimizde, Türkiye ve Irak’ın 1979 ile 1991 yılları arasındaki ikili ilişkileri çalışılmıştır. Bu iki ülke kuruluşlarından itibaren yakın ilişki içerisine girmiş ve her dönem ilişkilerinde olduğu gibi bölgesel, ekonomik ve tarihsel bağlar rol oynamıştır.Saddam Hüseyin’in 16 Temmuz 1979’da Irak’ın yeni lideri olmasıyla başta Irak olmak üzere Ortadoğu’daki bütün ülkeleri etkileyecek gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. Bundan etkilenen ülkelerden birisi de kuşkusuz Türkiye’dir. İki ülke bu dönemde hem dostluk bağlarını güçlendirmiş hem de sorunlarına ortak bir şekilde çözüm yolu aramıştır. İran – Irak Savaşı sonrası iki ülke ilişkilerinde değişim başlamış, 1990’lardaki Körfez Krizi sırasında ilişkiler kopma noktasına gelmiştir. Bu dönemdeki ikili ilişkiler, genellikle ekonomi ve güvenlik konularında şekillenmiştir. İki ülke her daim birbirine ihtiyaç duymuş ve ilişkilerini bu yönde geliştirmiştir. Bu açıdan iki ülkenin ilişkileri, bölge istikrarı açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Bu yıllar arasında liderlerin de ilişkilerde önemli rol oynadığı görülmektedir. İkili ilişkilerde en az Saddam Hüseyin kadar Turgut Özal’ın da ilişkinin seyrini değiştiren politikaları söz konusudur. Bu yönüyle de liderlerin attıkları adımlar gelecekteki ilişkileri etkilemiştir.--------------------In this thesis, the bilateral relations between Turkey and Iraq between 1979 and 1991 have been studied. These two countries have been in close relationship since their establishment and regional, economic and historical ties have played a role as in their relations.With Saddam Hussein's new leader in Iraq on July 16, 1979, developments have occurred that will affect all countries in the Middle East, especially Iraq. Turkey is undoubtedly one of the affected countries from this developments. During this period, the two countries both strengthened their ties of friendship and sought a common solution for their problems. The relations between the two countries started after the Iran - Iraq War and the relations came to a break during the 1990s Gulf Crisis. Bilateral relations in this period were generally shaped in the fields of economy and security. The two countries always needed each other and developed their relations in this direction. In this respect, the relations of the two countries are also important for the stability of the region. It is seen that leaders played an important role in relations between these years. In bilateral relations, Turgut Özal, as well as Saddam Hussein, has policies that change the course of the relationship. In this respect, the steps taken by the leaders have affected the future relations

Evaluation of maxillary sinus findings in children using CBCT

WOS: 000469240800005BACKGROUND: Evaluation of the maxillary sinus is usually overlooked in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate incidental findings in the maxillary sinus in a group of children using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT). METHODS: CBCTs obtained from 74 children (148 sinuses) were retrospectively evaluated by the same dento-maxillo-facial radiologist. Presence of antral septum, pseudocyst, mucosal thickening, and sinusitis were recorded. Involvement of the right and left sinuses, as well as age and gender correlation with the findings was analyzed. RESULTS: Within the age group of 5 to 15, 43 out of 74 subjects revealed different sorts of maxillary sinus findings. Antral septum was the most common (26.9%) finding among all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Maxillary sinus evaluation is essential for both dentists and pediatricians. CBCT is a novel and advantageous technique to view pathologic lesions and anatomic variations in the maxillary sinus

Phosalone Toxicity on Liver and Pancreas: Role of Vitamins E and C

Kaya, Ertugrul/0000-0003-0081-682XWOS: 000317245800051Phosalone (6-chloro-3-[diethoxyphosphinothioylsulfanylmethyl]-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one) is one of the most commonly used organophosphorus pesticides in the peat control of crops. Subchronic phosalone exposure was evaluated for its effects on the serum activities of some enzymes concerning hepatic and pancreatic damage including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamyltransferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholinesterase (ChE); and finally protective effects of combination of vitamins E and C in 24 wistar-albino rats. Experimental groups were as follows: control group (n = 8); a group treated with 120 mg/kg body weight phosalone (P group, n = 8); and a group treated with 120 mg/kg body weight phosalone + vitamin E + vitamin C (P+V group, n = 8). The P and P+V groups were treated orally with phosalone on 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The serum activities of the above mentioned enzymes were analyzed. In the samples phosalone significantly increased the activities of ALT, LDH and decreased ChE (p 0.05). In the P+V group, ALT and LDH activities were significantly increased and ChE decreased (p < 0.05). It is concluded that subchronic phosalone causes rat liver damage to an extent, which is somewhat reflected on the liver enzymes. Furthermore, a combination of vitamins E and C can reduce the toxic effects of phosalone on liver tissue of rats

Morpholex Turkish: a morphological Lexicon for Turkish

MorphoLex is a study in which root, prefix and suffixes of words are analyzed. With MorphoLex, many words can be analyzed according to certain rules and a useful database can be created. Due to the fact that Turkish is an agglutinative language and the richness of its language structure, it offers different analyzes and results from previous studies in MorphoLex. In this study, we revealed the process of creating a database with 48,472 words and the results of the differences in language structure