Dinámica de la malaria en Karuzi, Burundi 1997-2003: descripción de la epidemia de 2000-2001 y creación de modelos predictivos de incidencia a través de la asociación con variables medioambientales

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Fecha de lectura: 10-Diciembre-200

Isotope Labelling for Reaction Mechanism Analysis in DBD Plasma Processes

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasmas and plasma catalysis are becoming an alternative procedure to activate various gas phase reactions. A low-temperature and normal operating pressure are the main advantages of these processes, but a limited energy efficiency and little selectivity control hinder their practical implementation. In this work, we propose the use of isotope labelling to retrieve information about the intermediate reactions that may intervene during the DBD processes contributing to a decrease in their energy efficiency. The results are shown for the wet reforming reaction of methane, using D2O instead of H2O as reactant, and for the ammonia synthesis, using NH3/D2/N2 mixtures. In the two cases, it was found that a significant amount of outlet gas molecules, either reactants or products, have deuterium in their structure (e.g., HD for hydrogen, CDxHy for methane, or NDxHy for ammonia). From the analysis of the evolution of the labelled molecules as a function of power, useful information has been obtained about the exchange events of H by D atoms (or vice versa) between the plasma intermediate species. An evaluation of the number of these events revealed a significant progression with the plasma power, a tendency that is recognized to be detrimental for the energy efficiency of reactant to product transformation. The labelling technique is proposed as a useful approach for the analysis of plasma reaction mechanisms

Influence of irrigation conditions in the germination of plasma treated Nasturtium seeds

Plasma treatments had emerged as a useful technique to improve seed germination. In this work we investigate the influence of different irrigation conditions and plasma treatments on the germination of nasturtium seeds. During plasma treatment, seeds experience a progressive weight loss as a function of treatment time that has been associated to water release, a process that is more pronounced after longer plasma treatment times. Seeds treated for short times (<30 s) are able to germinate more efficiently than untreated specimen under hydric stress (drought conditions), while plasma treatments for longer times (up to 300 s) impaired germination independently on irrigation conditions. Characterization analysis of plasma treated seeds by FTIR-ATR, SEM/EDX and XPS showed that plasma treatment affected the chemical state of pericarp while, simultaneously, induced a considerable increase in the seeds water uptake capacity. The decrease in germination efficiency found after plasma treatment for long times, or for short times under optimum irrigation conditions, has been attributed to that the excess of water accumulated in the pericarp hampers the diffusion up to the embryo of other agents like oxygen which are deemed essential for germination.España FEDER y MINECO MINECO (projects MAT2013-40852-R, MAT2016-79866-R, MINECOCSIC 201560E055)España, RECUPERA 2020 y Junta de Andalucía project P12-2265 M

Segundas Jornadas de Jóvenes Investigadores en Arqueología

Segundas Jornadas de Jóvenes Investigadores en Arqueología (JIA'09). Arqueología del Conflicto, Arqueología y Memoria i l'excursio POST-JIA: Paisatges de Guerra i Repressi

Superhydrophobic supported Ag-NPs@ZnO-nanorods with photoactivity in the visible range

In this article we present a new type of 1D nanostructures consisting of supported hollow ZnO nanorods (NRs) decorated with Ag nanoparticles (NPs). The 3D reconstruction by high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) electron tomography reveals that the Ag NPs are distributed along the hollow interior of the ZnO NRs. Supported and vertically aligned Ag-NPs@ZnO-NRs grow at low temperature (135 °C) by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition on heterostructured substrates fabricated by sputtered deposition of silver on flat surfaces of Si wafers, quartz slides or ITO. The growth mechanisms of these structures and their wetting behavior before and after visible light irradiation are critically discussed. The as prepared surfaces are superhydrophobic with water contact angles higher than 150°. These surfaces turn into superhydrophilic with water contact angles lower than 10° after prolonged irradiation under both visible and UV light. The evolution rate of the wetting angle and its dependence on the light characteristics are related to the nanostructure and the presence of silver embedded within the ZnO NRs. ÂEuropean Union NMP3-CT-2006- 032583Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MAT2010-21228, MAT2010-18447, CSD2008-00023Junta de Andalucía P09-TEP-5283, CTS-518

Surface nanostructuring of TiO2 thin films by high energy ion irradiation

The effects of a high ion dose irradiation on TiO2 thin films under different conditions of temperature and ion nature are discussed. We have shown that anatase TiO2 thin films irradiated with N+ ions at room temperature develop a typical microstructure with mounds and voids open to the surface whereas irradiations at 700 K generate a surface pattern of well-ordered nanorods aligned with the ion beam. The formation of these patterns is caused by the simultaneous effect of ion irradiation near the film surface and a film temperature favoring the structural mobilization of the defective network of the material. To explain these phenomena, a qualitative model has been proposed and further tested by irradiating the TiO2 thin films with F+ and S+ ions under different conditions. The obtained results demonstrate that ion irradiation techniques enable the formation of tilted nanorod surface patterns with lengths of about 100 nm on anatase TiO2 thin films. © 2010 The American Physical Society.Peer Reviewe

Do we chat? Motivation for using dating apps in LGB community

Las aplicaciones de citas suponen un nuevo entorno para experimentar relaciones afectivo-sexuales, en particular entre personas lesbianas, gais y bisexuales (LGB). Por ello, se analiza el uso las aplicaciones de citas en población LGB, en comparación con población heterosexual, evaluando también las diferencias de género en el uso y la relación con otras variables como el valor otorgado a la sexualidad y sensualidad, la autoestima y la regulación emocional. En total, participaron 185 personas (65.4% mujeres y 34.6% hombres) con edad promedio de 29.15 años (DT = 6.91), identificándose un 44.3% como heterosexuales y un 55.7% como parte del colectivo LGB. En general, la población LGB usa en mayor medida las aplicaciones de citas y de manera más frecuente que la heterosexual. Dentro del colectivo, se observa que los hombres informan un mayor uso que las mujeres y, entre las personas usuarias, se observaría una mayor autoestima y uso del sexo para evitar el malestar emocional. Dadas las diferencias encontradas, además de la existencia de indicadores psicológicos asociados al riesgo, parece necesario incluir este escenario de interacción sexual en las estrategias de intervención preventivas y de atención clínica, desde un enfoque inclusivo y con perspectiva de género.Dating apps provide a new context to experience affective-sexual relationships, particularly among the lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) community. Therefore, the use of dating applications is analyzed among LGB people, compared to heterosexual people, also evaluating the gender differences in the use and variables such as the value given to sexuality and sensuality, self-esteem, and emotional regulation. In total, 185 people participated (65.4% women and 34.6% men) with an average age of 29.15 years (SD= 6.91), self-identifying 44.3% as heterosexual and 55.7% as part of the LGB community. In general, LGB participants use dating apps more and more frequently than heterosexual participants. Within the group, men report higher use than women and, the app users show higher self-esteem and the use of sex to avoid emotional distress. Given these differences, as well as the existence of psychological indicators related to risk, it seems necessary to include this context of sexual interaction in preventive strategies and clinical interventions, from an inclusive approach and gender perspective

Surface nanostructuring of TiO2 thin films by ion beam irradiation

This work reports a procedure to modify the surface nanostructure of TiO2 anatase thin films through ion beam irradiation with energies in the keV range. Irradiation with N+ ions leads to the formation of a layer with voids at a depth similar to the ion-projected range. By setting the ion-projected range a few tens of nanometers below the surface of the film, well-ordered nanorods appear aligned with the angle of incidence of the ion beam. Slightly different results were obtained by using heavier (S+) and lighter (B+) ions under similar conditions

Nanostructure of Thin Films Grown by Deposition of Isotropically Distributed Gaseous Particles

: Presentación en la conferencia “12th International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering”Peer reviewe