Niveles de infección de helmintos de Rattus rattus (Rodentia: Muridae) en la ciudad de Corrientes, Argentina

The aim of this study was to describe the infection levels of helminths of Rattus rattus in Corrientes city, Corrientes Province, Argentina. In order to determine the role of rodents as potential reservoirs for zoonotic parasites, different indices of helminth infection were assessed with respect to sex, age, season and urban landscapes. A total of 107 individuals of R. rattus were examined. Seven species of helminths were found. The values of total prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance were 68%, 20 and 13, respectively. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis was the species more prevalent and abundant. The results showed that the age of the rodents and the season of capture had effects on the helminth infection.El objetivo del trabajo fue describir los niveles de infección de Rattus rattus en la ciudad de Corrientes, provincia de Corrientes, Argentina. Con el objetivo de determinar el rol de los roedores como reservorios potenciales de parásitos zoonóticos, se analizó la distribución de helmintos respecto al sexo, edad, estación del año y ambientes urbanos. Un total de 107 individuos de R. rattus fueron examinados. Se identificaron siete especies de helmintos. Los valores de prevalencia total, intensidad media y abundancia media fueron 68%, 20 y 13, respectivamente. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis fue la especie más prevalente y abundante. Los resultados demostraron que la edad de los roedores y la estación del año tuvieron efectos en la infección con helmintos.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Niveles de infección de helmintos de Rattus rattus (Rodentia: Muridae) en la ciudad de Corrientes, Argentina

The aim of this study was to describe the infection levels of helminths of Rattus rattus in Corrientes city, Corrientes Province, Argentina. In order to determine the role of rodents as potential reservoirs for zoonotic parasites, different indices of helminth infection were assessed with respect to sex, age, season and urban landscapes. A total of 107 individuals of R. rattus were examined. Seven species of helminths were found. The values of total prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance were 68%, 20 and 13, respectively. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis was the species more prevalent and abundant. The results showed that the age of the rodents and the season of capture had effects on the helminth infection.El objetivo del trabajo fue describir los niveles de infección de Rattus rattus en la ciudad de Corrientes, provincia de Corrientes, Argentina. Con el objetivo de determinar el rol de los roedores como reservorios potenciales de parásitos zoonóticos, se analizó la distribución de helmintos respecto al sexo, edad, estación del año y ambientes urbanos. Un total de 107 individuos de R. rattus fueron examinados. Se identificaron siete especies de helmintos. Los valores de prevalencia total, intensidad media y abundancia media fueron 68%, 20 y 13, respectivamente. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis fue la especie más prevalente y abundante. Los resultados demostraron que la edad de los roedores y la estación del año tuvieron efectos en la infección con helmintos.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

A systematic review (1990–2021) of wild animals infected with zoonotic leishmania

Leishmaniasis are neglected diseases caused by several species of Leishmania that affect humans and many domestic and wild animals with a worldwide distribution. The objectives of this review are to identify wild animals naturally infected with zoonotic Leishmania species as well as the organs infected, methods employed for detection and percentage of infection. A literature search starting from 1990 was performed following the PRISMA methodology and 161 reports were included. One hundred and eighty‐nine species from ten orders (i.e., Carnivora, Chiroptera, Cingulata, Didelphimorphia, Diprotodontia, Lagomorpha, Eulipotyphla, Pilosa, Primates and Rodentia) were reported to be infected, and a few animals were classified only at the genus level. An exhaustive list of species; diagnostic techniques, including PCR targets; infected organs; number of animals explored and percentage of positives are presented. L. infantum infection was described in 98 wild species and L. (Viania) spp. in 52 wild animals, while L. mexicana, L. amazonensis, L. major and L. tropica were described in fewer than 32 animals each. During the last decade, intense research revealed new hosts within Chiroptera and Lagomorpha. Carnivores and rodents were the most relevant hosts for L. infantum and L. (Viannia) spp., with some species showing lesions, although in most of the studies clinical signs were not reported

El sesgo condicionado en el análisis de influencia: una revisión

El sesgo condicionado se ha propuesto como diagnóstico de influencia en distintos modelos y tecnicas estadísticas. Tratando de recoger una visión global de la utilidad del concepto, en este trabajo se hace una revisión general del mismo relacionandolo con la curva de sensibilidad y la curva de influencia muestral. Además, se señalan posibles líneas de trabajo que permitiran abordar el análisis de la influencia a través de este enfoque en una gran variedad de tecnicas estadísticas

Decreased Water Use in a Super-Intensive Olive Orchard Mediates Arthropod Populations and Pest Damage

In Spain, water use in agriculture is expected to become limited by resources in the future. It is pertinent to study the effect of decreased irrigation on the presence of pests, plant damage, and arthropod communities in a super-intensive olive orchard examined from 2017 to 2019. Arthropods were studied with visual and vacuum sampling methods in two irrigation treatments (T1—control and T2—Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI)). Univariate analyses showed that the total arthropod abundance was significantly greater in T1 than in T2 in 2018 and 2019, mostly due to Diptera Nematocera. Visual sampling revealed that the feeding damage produced by Eriophyidae (Trombidiformes) was significantly lower in T2 in 2018 and 2019: 10–40% of shoots were affected in the late season compared with 50–60% affected for T1. The feeding symptoms caused by Palpita unionalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and Zelleria oleastrella (Milliere) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) were significantly less for T2 than for T1. Multivariate principal response curves showed significant differences between irrigation strategies in the 2018 and 2019 data for both sampling methods. In conclusion, irrigation schemes with restricted water use (T2—RDI) help to reduce the abundance of several types of pests in olive crops, especially of those that feed on the plants’ new sprouts

La Actividad Científica del CSIC a través del Web of Science. Estudio Bibliométrico del período 2001-2005

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo el estudio de la producción científica del CSIC durante el período 2001-2005. Antecedentes de este informe son los estudios de actividad científica del CSIC publicados en años anteriores. El presente informe introduce como novedad el uso de la base de datos Web of Science como fuente de información, mientras que los estudios previos se basaban en las bases de datos Science Citation Index (SCI), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) y Arts & Humanities Citation Index (AHCI) en su versión en CD-ROM. La base de datos internacional Web of Science (WoS), elaborada por Thomson Scientific (antes Thomson ISI) de EEUU, tiene una cobertura más amplia que el mencionado CD-ROM. Recoge una selección de las principales revistas científicas en el ámbito internacional, y aunque presentan un claro sesgo a favor de revistas en lengua inglesa y de los países del "centro" científico, su uso permite obtener una visión de la producción científica de un país en su vertiente más internacional. Por otro lado, el uso de la base de datos WoS ha permitido introducir por primera vez indicadores de impacto basados en las citas recibidas por los documentos.Peer reviewe

Niveles de infección de helmintos de Rattus rattus (Rodentia: Muridae) en la ciudad de Corrientes, Argentina

The aim of this study was to describe the infection levels of helminths of Rattus rattus in Corrientes city, Corrientes Province, Argentina. In order to determine the role of rodents as potential reservoirs for zoonotic parasites, different indices of helminth infection were assessed with respect to sex, age, season and urban landscapes. A total of 107 individuals of R. rattus were examined. Seven species of helminths were found. The values of total prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance were 68%, 20 and 13, respectively. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis was the species more prevalent and abundant. The results showed that the age of the rodents and the season of capture had effects on the helminth infection.El objetivo del trabajo fue describir los niveles de infección de Rattus rattus en la ciudad de Corrientes, provincia de Corrientes, Argentina. Con el objetivo de determinar el rol de los roedores como reservorios potenciales de parásitos zoonóticos, se analizó la distribución de helmintos respecto al sexo, edad, estación del año y ambientes urbanos. Un total de 107 individuos de R. rattus fueron examinados. Se identificaron siete especies de helmintos. Los valores de prevalencia total, intensidad media y abundancia media fueron 68%, 20 y 13, respectivamente. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis fue la especie más prevalente y abundante. Los resultados demostraron que la edad de los roedores y la estación del año tuvieron efectos en la infección con helmintos.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Software architecture for customized physical exercise prescription

En la actualidad existe una gran cantidad de aplicaciones para la realización de ejercicio físico. En este artículo se presenta una arquitectura software para una aplicación que permite la prescripción de ejercicios físicos personalizados. Esta arquitectura incluye dos funcionalidades, la funcionalidad para el especialista que prescribe el ejercicio y la funcionalidad para el usuario que debe seguir esta prescripción. La interacción entre el especialista y el usuario se realiza mediante el envío de eventos. Especialistas (médicos/fisioterapeutas/educadores físicos) pueden indicar los ejercicios adecuados en cada caso. Esta aplicación permitirá a los usuarios con demanda de atención personalizada mejorar la condición física y la calidad de vida. Los usuarios podrán realizar el ejercicio físico de forma autónoma, sin tener que realizar desplazamientos y en un horario flexible.Currently there is a lot of available applications to do physical exercise. This article describes the software architecture for an application that allows customized exercise prescription. This architecture includes two functionalities, the functionality that allows specialists to prescribe physical exercises and the functionality for users who must follow this prescription. Interactions between specialists and users are allowed by means of sending events. Specialists (doctors, physiotherapists and physical educators) can indicate appropriate exercises in each case. This application will allow users with demand for personalized attention to improve their fitness and quality of life. Users can perform physical exercise autonomously, without having to travel and in a flexible schedule

Characterization of Anisotropic Salt Weathering through Nondestructive Techniques Mapping Using a GIS Environment

Doctrinal texts on architectural heritage conservation emphasize the importance of fully understanding the structural and material characteristics and utilizing information systems. Photogrammetry allows for the generation of detailed, geo-referenced Digital Elevation Models of architectural elements at a low cost, while GIS software enables the addition of layers of material characteristic data to these models, creating different property maps that can be combined through map algebra. This paper presents the results of the mechanical characterization of materials and salt-related decay forms of the polygonal apse of the 13th-century monastery of Santa María de Bonaval (Guadalajara, Spain), which is primarily affected by salt crystallization. Rock strength is estimated using on-site nondestructive testing (ultrasound pulse velocity and Leeb hardness). They are mapped and combined through map algebra to derive a single mechanical soundness index (MSI) to determine whether the decay of the walls could be dependent on the orientation. The presented results show that salt decay in the building is anisotropic, with the south-facing side of the apse displaying an overall lower MSI than the others. The relative overheating of the south-facing side of the apse enhances the effect of salt crystallization, thereby promoting phase transitions between epsomite and hexahydrite.This research was funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, grant numbers PID2020-116896RB-C21 and PID2020-116896RBC22

Computer labs on virtual environments: A flexible, portable and multidisciplinary model

Teaching of computer-aided practical subjects in engineering education creates new challenges. Computers have to be configured to support particular requirements of each subject. Virtual Environments allows the building of a Virtual Machine (VM) tailored to requirements of each subject, allowing flexible, versatile and low cost laboratories. However, the use of multiple VM at a shared computing facility creates new problems, both technical and related to the performance of the class sessions. To solve these challenges, we have developed the Virtual Machine on-Demand (VMoD) tool. It automates the adaptation of each VM to the environment in which it is deployed and simplifies its use to students. As a result, the creation of computer-aided engineering laboratories on a shared computing facility using VM is possible and profitable