Arguments For and Against Social Rights

I investigate the semantic and practical complexity of social rights, together with the obligations which correspond to the public authorities in terms of putting them into practice. I also discuss the role of meaningful economic equality in the discourse of social rights, explaining the points at which the two concepts interact, and the ways that formal equality can be improved. Finally, I reach the conclusion that there are two distinct meanings of the concept of discrimination, one which is equivalent to any violation of the general principal of equality, and another stricter one, which is the infringement of equality when any of the proscribed differentiating factors are present (race, sex, etc.). The legal aspect of the mandate to exercise and guarantee social rights is manifest in the programmed objective, as well as in the fact that the measures aimed at this objective are protected from the possibility of compliance. In this way, social rights constitute subjective rights, representing a programme through which goods would be distributed evenly among public, collective and private interests. This results in a singular structure with a special mechanism by which the State has to provide assistance and services, and create, strengthen and promote the conditions allowing individuals and groups to satisfy their needs. Thus their obligations are also related to the prerequisites for exercising positive liberty. The main point of departure is that individuals are moral subjects endowed with dignity. It defends the idea that we all have real capacity for choice and that we all direct our existence towards certain aims in life

Parámetros de eficiencia fotosintética al final de la maduración como indicadores del potencial enológico del viñedo.

La actividad fotosintética es fundamental en el crecimiento y desarrollo de la vid, y de ella depende el grado de madurez de la uva y su composición específica en el momento de la vendimia. La eficiencia fotosintética es muy sensible al estrés biótico y abiótico, por lo que su determinación podría ser interesante para estimar el potencial enológico del viñedo bajo esas situaciones de estrés. El estudio tiene como objetivo estudiar la utilidad de los niveles foliares de clorofilas, la asimilación neta, conductancia estomática y parámetros de fluorescencia de la clorofila, medidos a nivel de hoja al final de la maduración, como estimadores de las características fisicoquímicas del mosto y los índices de madurez fenólica de la uva en vendimia, para su aplicación en viticultura de precisión.Grado en Enologí

The ghost of Tom Joad : the development of the character’s mythical aura through literature, cinema and music

Traballo Fin de Grao en Lingua e Literatura Inglesas. Curso 2015-2016In the research area of literature and other artistic expressions, I have not found many instances of analysis of the exchange between literature and music. Being aware of the relevance of this connection in contemporary cultural studies, I will endeavor to focus my attention in these fields and with that purpose in mind I will regard literature, cinema and music as equally fundamental cultural productions throughout the elaboration of this paper. In order to convey the potential of this interrelation for the construction of works that eventually assimilate into culture, I intend to analyze an artistic creation that has undergone a transposition through these three different manifestations and which, in the process, would have acquired the potentiality each of them can provide. John Steinbeck’s masterpiece novel The Grapes of Wrath (1939) seemed a very accurate example. Until the present date, the story has been transposed to the silver screen by John Ford – The Grapes of Wrath (1940) –, to popular music by Woody Guthrie and Bruce Springsteen, and even to the theatre by Frank Galati in 1988. In this dissertation, I will not deal with the latter transposition of the story; instead I have chosen to go deeper into the web of internal influences that has developed among the novel, the film and the songs written out of the story of the Joad family as well as among their different authors

The challenges for family law and family rigths in the changing european societies

Family Law and family rights are, without doubt, currently undergoing changes in that underlying values have been inverted. Major differences can however be observed and different models prevail in the contemporary States. There are four separate options, in fact, according to whether one adopts a view based on liberalism/authoritarianism or on egalitarianism/non-egalitarianism: the absolute nuclear family, the egalitarian nuclear family, the birth family and the community family. Family Law and family rights can be said to revolve around these principles. This essay therefore examines equality with regard to drafting legislation in the light of both dimensions and considers the current tendency to specify the rights of the family. The essay concludes with an analysis of some of those rights and setting out the cultural and ideological, political and economic issues that necessarily serve to question the subject of this study.Project Consolider-Ingenio 2010 “The Age of the Rights”, CSD2008-0000

Aspectos e implicaciones de una interpretación integral-material de los derechos fundamentales

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La relación entre los derechos fundamentales y el poder

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The levels at which substantive equality operates in the context of a complex understanding of equality

En el presente trabajo me ocuparé de los distintos planos en los que se desenvuelve la igualdad material. Primeramente, investigaré los problemas semánticos y prácticos del citado concepto en el contexto de una comprensión compleja de la igualdad, junto a las obligaciones que corresponden a los poderes públicos en el ámbito de su realización. Acto seguido, examinaré el discurso de la igualdad material, esclareciendo sus niveles de interacción y superación de la igualdad formal. Por último, analizaré las técnicas de igualdad de trato material como equiparación y como diferenciación para obtener una igualdad real y efectiva, a la vez que estudiaré cómo juegan los valores de la libertad, la igualdad y la solidaridad, llegando a la conclusión de que la discriminación positiva es uno de los instrumentos indispensables para la consecución de la igualdad material.This work deals with the various levels at which substantive equality operates. First, I investigate the semantic and practical problems of this concept in the context of a complex understanding of equality, together with the duties corresponding to the public authorities in the field of its implementation. Secondly, I examine the discourse of substantive equality, clarifying the levels at which it interacts and supersedes formal equality. Finally, I analyse techniques for obtaining equality of substantive treatment, and at the same time I study how the values of freedom, equality and solidarity play their part, and reach the conclusion that positive discrimination is one of the essential instruments for obtaining substantive equality

GAMES: A new Scenario for Software and Knowledge Reuse

Games are a well-known test bed for testing search algorithms and learning methods, and many authors have presented numerous reasons for the research in this area. Nevertheless, they have not received the attention they deserve as software projects. In this paper, we analyze the applicability of software and knowledge reuse in the games domain. In spite of the need to find a good evaluation function, search algorithms and interface design can be said to be the primary concerns. In addition, we will discuss the current state of the main statistical learning methods and how they can be addressed from a software engineering point of view. So, this paper proposes a reliable environment and adequate tools, necessary in order to achieve high levels of reuse in the games domain