Neolithic expansion and the 17q21.31 inversion in Iberia: an evolutionary approach to H2 haplotype distribution in the Near East and Europe

The chromosomal region 17q21.31 harbors a 900 kb inversion polymorphism named after the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) gene. Since no recombination occurs, two haplotypes are recognized: a directly oriented variant (H1) and an inverted variant (H2). The H2 haplotype features a distribution pattern with high frequencies in the Near East and Europe, medium levels in South Asia and North Africa, and low levels elsewhere. Studies of this genomic region are relevant owing to its likely association with numerous neurodegenerative diseases. However, the causes underlying the geographic distribution of the haplotype frequencies remain a bone of contention among researchers. With this work, we have intended to outline a plausible hypothesis on the origin of the high European H2 frequencies. To that end, we have analyzed an extensive population database (including three new Iberian populations) to explore potential clinal variations of H2 frequencies. We found a sigmoidal frequency cline with an upward trend from South Asia to Europe. The maximum value was detected in the Basques from Gipuzkoa province (0.494) with the curve’s inflection point in the Near East. From our results, we suggest that the most likely scenario for high H2 frequencies in Europe would be a founding event in the Near East during the late Paleolithic or early Neolithic. Subsequently, such H2 overrepresentation would have reached Europe with the arrival of the first Neolithic farmers. The current frequencies and geographic distribution of the 17q21.31 inversion suggest that the founding events mainly affected the H2D subhaplotype.This study was funded by the Basque Government (Grant for consolidated research groups, IT-833-13, and SAIOTEK Program, S-PE10UN54

Comparativa sintáctica entre los lenguajes de programación Java y Groovy

En el 2003 aparece el lenguaje de programación Groovy, este lenguaje conserva una sintaxis familiar a Java pero con características particulares. Tanto Groovy como Java son lenguajes Orientados a Objetos y se ejecutan sobre una máquina virtual. La intención de éste escrito es realizar una comparativa sintáctica de ambos lenguajes para observar las particularidades de cada uno

Towards automatic hole detection of a net for fish farms by means of robotic intelligence

In the last decades fish farms became one of the most important sources of seafood. This industry is facing complex and costly problems like net holes, especially due to unexpected situations, such as depredators and storm effects. This is a complex problem because fishes can escape from the fish farms containers or a depredator can enter in the container. To solve this problem divers are needed, but this solution is difficult and sometimes can be dangerous for the diver. The main objective of this work is to present the current state of a system where an underwater robot can detect holes in the net of a fish farm. Once the robot detects the hole it will proceed to manipulate it. This task is bordered using convolutional neural networks and the BlueROV2 platform with the Newton Gripper from BlueRobotics, which will be upgraded in a second stage to perform preliminary net repairs. This work contributes in the area of aquaculture, computer vision, underwater inspection and manipulation.Peer Reviewe

Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage due to renal angiomyolipoma rupture. Case presentation

Introduction: The renal angiomyolipoma is a benign and rare tumor that when breaking, cause a retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Objective: To present a new case of spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage due to renal angiomyolipoma rupture, with emphasis in the diagnostic elements and therapeutics. Case presentation: Male patient, 53 years old, with antecedents of convulsive crises since infancy and high blood pressure, that arrives to Luanda´s Multiprofile Clinic, showing pain in the right side of abdomen, vomits and low-grade fever of two days of evolution. On physical examination revealed abdominal contracture in rights flank and iliac fossa and tachycardia. Blood analysis revealed a light leucocytosis, and form that which was suspected an acute abdomen of inflammatory visceral origin, deciding a performance of a diagnostic laparoscopy, in which was identified an extensive retroperitoneal hematoma, with right side predominance. Taking in account the patient hemodynamic stability, was determinate to make an abdominal contrasted computerized axial tomography, which shows a complex tumoral mass in the anterior surface of the right kidney, with cortex discontinuity and hematic collection in the surrounding area. An urgency laparotomy was performed; was found a broken tumor in the renal right side that required a total nephrectomy without complications. The patient evolved satisfactorily. A broken renal angiomyolipoma was point by the histopathology report. Conclusions: Although it is infrequent, has to take into account the possibility of the clinical debut of a renal angiomyolipoma with retroperitoneal bleeding, as part of the differential diagnostics of the acute surgical abdomen.Keywords: Kidney, broken renal angiomyolipoma, spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage, acute surgical abdomen.</p

Neuro-Sliding Control for Underwater ROV’s Subject to Unknown Disturbances

Proposed in this paper is a model-free and chattering-free second order sliding mode control(2nd-SMC) in combination with a backpropagation neural network (BP-NN) control scheme for underwater vehicles to deal with external disturbances (i.e., ocean currents) and parameter variations caused, for instance, by the continuous interchange of tools. The compound controller, here called the neuro-sliding control (NSC), takes advantage of the 2nd-SMC robustness and fast response to drive the position tracking error to zero. Simultaneously, the BP-NN contributes with its capability to estimate and to compensate online the hydrodynamic variations of the vehicle. When a change in the vehicle’s hydrodynamics occurs, the 2nd-SMC may no longer be able to compensate for the variations since its feedback gains are tuned for a di erent condition; thus, in order to preserve the desired performance, it is necessary to re-tune the feedback gains, which a cumbersome and time consuming task. To solve this, a viable choice is to implement a BP-NN control scheme along with the 2nd-SMC that adds or removes energy from the system according to the current condition it is in, in order to keep, or even improve, its performance. The e ectiveness of the proposed compound controller was supported by experiments carried out on a mini-ROV

Monitoring the Microclimate in the Shoe-foot Interface

A new continuous monitoring portable system device is presented here, it allows to reduce the complications that arise from diabetic foot ulcer, because of temperature and humidity disorders. This device monitors the microclimate of the shoe and consists of one array of 10 sensors to obtain the temperature and humidity data between the foot and the insole interface of the shoe. It has also a software interface for viewing and analyzing the data. Temperature monitoring of the participants showed an average range of 23.90 °C to 29.34 °C and 51.57 % to 69.78 % relative humidity

Physical assesment in flamenco dance

Se ha analizado la condición física de 17 bailaoras/es de la provincia de Cádiz (24,25±4,8 años, 1,97±1,9 m, 75,33±7,1 kg), utilizando una batería de tests para evaluar las siguientes variables: consumo máximo de oxígeno, altura de salto, índice de elasticidad, frecuencia de movimiento, fuerza flexora del tronco y número de zapateados. Los resultados muestran una frecuencia cardiaca media de 158,57±12,89 ppm en hombres (♀) y de 154,93±12,23 ppm en mujeres (♂). El consumo máximo de oxígeno VO2max es superior a los requeridos en otras danzas y parecidas a los de deportes de alto nivel (36,99±3,17 ml·kg-1·min-1 ♀ y 48,05±10,45 ml·kg-1·min-1 ♂). En los tests de salto se han obtenido valores de 22,53±4,20 cm ♀ y 35,02±1,81 ♂. En el test fuerza flexora del tronco, la media del tiempo de contracción ha sido de 26,03±7,87s (♀) y 27,80±4,92s (♂). En el test de frecuencia de movimiento y tests de zapateado se han obtenido mejores resultados en ♂ que en ♀. Los resultados indican que la práctica del baile flamenco exige grandes cargas de trabajo físico, equiparable a las de cualquier actividad deportiva de alto nivel

Hábitat sustentable

1 archivo PDF (286 páginas) : incluye ilustraciones blanco y negro y colorConsta de cuatro artículos que plantean principios y lineamientos básicos sobre temas de sustentabilidad y 13 casos que ejemplifican intervención sustentable o que abordan temas relevantes del mismo de sitios singulares en el mundo donde estas prácticas del hábitat sustentable presentan diferentes niveles de desarrollo e instauración: Norteamérica, América Latina y Europa... PALABRAS CLAVE: Sustainable architecture. Sustainable development. City planning.1. Presentación / Sergio Padilla Galicia y Víctor Fuentes Freixanet -- 2. Estrategias y proyectos sustentable en el urbanismo internacional. Experiencias del SUI / Sergio Padilla Galicia -- 3. Conceptos para ciudades sustentables, la experiencia de Albert Speer & Partner (AS&P) / Christof Göbel -- 4. El libro verde del urbanismo: la apuesta europea de sostenibilidad / Elizabeth Espinosa Dorantes -- 5. Movilidad sustentable y equitativa / Bernardo Baranda Sepúlveda y Xavier Treviño Theesz -- 6. Densidad y calidad ambiental: lo inevitable, lo deseable y lo posible / Denise Helena Silva Duarte -- 7. El clima urbano de Oporto: oportunidad para repensar la sustentabilidad del territorio y retomar los ritmos de la naturaleza / Ana Monteiro y Helena Madureira -- 8. Áreas verdes en una ciudad sustentable: el caso de Wroclaw, Polonia / Leszek Maluga -- 9. Chicago Climate Action Plan: lo verde en la ciudad / Jorge del Arenal Fenochio -- 10. Reciclamiento urbano: arte y espacio público en Seattle / Guillermo Díaz Arellano -- 11. Hacia un desarrollo urbano sustentable en la ciudad de México / Jorge Legorreta Gutiérrez -- 12. Escenarios hacia la sustentabilidad en Tepotzotlán, Estado de México / Gloria Castorena, Aníbal Figueroa y Carl Stenitz -- 13. Desarrollos urbanos integrales sustentables (DUIS c): una opción para las futuras ciudades de México / Alfonso Rivas Cruces y Eduardo Langagne Ortega -- 14. Hacia la certificación regional de la edificación sustentable / Aníbal Figueroa Castrejón, Silvia de Schiller, Jhon Martín Evans, Bruno Stagno y Susana Colmegna -- 15. Alemanía: aplicación de estándares energéticos en la arquitectura / Michael Peters y Christof Göbel -- 16. Arquitectura responsable: la sustentabilidad en Chile / Javier del Río Ojeda -- 17. Arquitectura vernácula y sustentabilidad: dos casos del sureste mexicano / Víctor Fuentes Freixanet y Olinka González Mejía -- 18. Diseño de vivienda social en México, su adaptación al cambio climático y catástrofes naturales / Dulce Romina Gómez Menéndez

Temas Socio-Jurídicos. Volumen 16 No. 35 Diciembre de 1998

La presente edición de la revista Temas socio-jurídicos, la número 35, en el año 16 de publicación periódica semestral, hace un reconocimiento expreso a la labor intelectual de uno de los creadores de la Facultad de Derecho, el doctor Alfonso Gómez Gómez, al cumplirse cincuenta años de haber optado el título de Doctor en Derecho.This issue of the Temas socio-jurídicos magazine, number 35, in its 16th year of semi-annual publication, expressly acknowledges the intellectual work of one of the creators of the Faculty of Law, Dr. Alfonso Gómez Gómez, by fifty years after having obtained the title of Doctor of Law