Dual roles of endogenous and exogenous galectin-1 in the control of testicular immunopathology

Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a proto-type member of galectin family, is highly expressed in immune privileged sites, including the testis. However, in spite of considerable progress the relevance of endogenous and exogenous Gal-1 in testis pathophysiology have not yet been explored. Here we evaluated the in vivo roles of Gal-1 in experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO), a well-established model of autoimmune testicular inflammation associated with subfertility and infertility. A significant reduction in the incidence and severity of EAO was observed in mice genetically deficient in Gal-1 (Lgals1−/−) versus wild-type (WT) mice. Testicular histopathology revealed the presence of multifocal testicular damage in WT mice characterized by an interstitial mononuclear cell infiltrate and different degrees of germ cell sloughing of seminiferous tubules. TUNEL assay and assessment of active caspase-3 expression, revealed the prevalence of apoptotic spermatocytes mainly localized in the adluminal compartment of seminiferous tubules in EAO mice. A significant increased number of TUNEL-positive germ cells was detected in EAO testis from WT compared with Lgals1−/− mice. In contrast, exogenous administration of recombinant Gal-1 to WT mice undergoing EAO attenuated the severity of the disease. Our results unveil a dual role of endogenous versus exogenous Gal-1 in the control of autoimmune testis inflammation.Fil: Pérez, Cecilia Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, Leticia G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Gualdoni, Gisela Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Lustig, Livia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Rabinovich, Gabriel Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Guazzone, Vanesa Anabella. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentin

Litoestratigrafía, Bioestratigrafía y Correlaciones de las Sucesiones Sedimentarias del Neoproterozoico-Cámbrico del cratón del Río de la Plata (Uruguay y Argentina)

Se compara la lito- bio- y quimioestratigrafía de sucesiones sedimentarias del Neoproterozoico del Cratón del Río de la Plata, a saber: Grupo Arroyo del Soldado (GAS), Uruguay y Grupo Sierras Bayas - Formación Cerro Negro (GSB-FmCN) de Tandilia (Argentina). Ambas sucesiones se caracterizan por la intercalación de unidades carbonáticas y siliciclásticas, así como por un ambiente geotectónico correspondiente a un margen continental pasivo. Las formaciones Yerbal, Polanco y Cerro Espuelitas inferior se correlacionan litoestratigráficamente con las formaciones Cerro Largo, Loma Negra y Cerro Negro de Tandilia. Las formaciones siliciclásticas Yerbal y Cerro Largo representan la ingresión del mar Vendiano (Ediacarense) sobre el Cratón del Río de La Plata. Las sobreyacentes formaciones Polanco y Loma Negra se caracterizan por importantes depósitos carbonáticos, culminando con una expresiva superficie kárstica indicando regresión y exposición subaérea de la plataforma. La parte inferior de la Formación Cerro Espuelitas y la Formación Cerro Negro se caracterizan por depósitos margosos en la base, pasando a pelitas y facies heterolíticas hacia el tope. Se comunica el hallazgo de Cloudina cf. C. riemkeae de calizas micríticas de la Formación Loma Negra, apoyando la correlación de esta unidad con la parte inferior de la Formación Polanco y la asignación de ambas unidades al Ediacarense superior. Una microflora de acritarcas de baja diversidad ocurre en el GAS y en el GSB-FmCN. En el GAS se distinguen dos asociaciones de microfósiles de pared orgánica: una dominada por Bavlinella faveolata y Soldadophycus que ocurre en las formaciones siliciclásticas, y una de diversidad algo mayor denominada de Leiosphaeridia- Lophosphaeridium, característica de la Formación Polanco. En el GSB-FmCN la asociación está dominada por esferomorfos, principalmente Leiosphaeridia, siendo comparable a la asociación de Leiosphaeridia-Lophosphaeridium del GAS. Se reportan por primera vez para la Formación Villa Mónica las siguientes especies de acritarcas: Leiosphaeridia minutissima, Leiosphaeridia tenuissima y Synsphaeridium sp. Trátase de los fósiles más antiguos que se conocen en territorio de Argentina. En la Formación Cerro Largo superior aparece Leiosphaeridia tenuissima como elemento dominante y una sola vesícula de Leiosphaeridia minutissima, sumándose a previas descripciones de acritarcas de esta unidad. En la Formación Cerro Negro pudieron aislarse acritarcas asignables a Leiosphaeridia tenuissima. Se verifica una disminución del diámetro máximo de las acritarcas hacia el tope: de 450 µm para la Formación Villa Mónica a 380 µm para la Formación Cerro Largo y finalmente 200 µm para la Formación Cerro Negro. La asociación de acritarcas del GSB-FmCN puede correlacionarse con la Palinoflora de Leiosferas Simples o con la asociación Kotlin-Rovno del Ediacarense. La asociación de acritarcas del GAS inferior y medio ha sido asignada a la asociación Kotlin-Rovno y por tanto apoya una correlación entre las formaciones Cerro Largo, Loma Negra y Cerro Negro con la mitad inferior del GAS. Los datos quimioestratigráficos disponibles apoyan esta correlación, verificándose valores de 87Sr/86Sr entre 0.7069 y 0.7087 y variaciones seculares de d13C para los carbonatos entre -3.5 y +5.8 ‰ PDB. Respecto a la Formación Villa Mónica, los datos disponibles son ambiguos en cuanto a su edad y posibles correlaciones. Mientras la asociación de estromatolitos que ocurre en esa unidad sugiere una edad Neoproterozoico temprano, la similitud de la microflora allí preservada con la de las unidades suprayacentes sugiere que no existe un hiato temporal muy importante entre las mismas. Desde el punto de vista paleogeográfico, las correlaciones arriba planteadas implican el desarrollo de una extensa plataforma en el Ediacarense tardío y en condiciones tropicales, que abarcaba una gran parte del Cratón del Río de la Plata e incluía posiblemente al Grupo Corumbá en Mato Grosso, Brasil

Recombinant antibody against Trypanosoma cruzi from patients with chronic Chagas heart disease recognizes mammalian nervous system.

Background: To deeply understand the role of antibodies in the context of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, we decided to characterize A2R1, a parasite antibody selected from single-chain variable fragment (scFv) phage display libraries constructed from B cells of chronic Chagas heart disease patients. Methods: Immunoblot, ELISA, cytometry, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical assays were used to characterize A2R1 reactivity. To identify the antibody target, we performed an immunoprecipitation and two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry and confirmed A2R1 specific interaction by producing the antigen in different expression systems. Based on these data, we carried out a comparative in silico analysis of the protein target_s orthologues, focusing mainly on post-translational modifications. Findings: A2R1 recognizes a parasite protein of ~50 kDa present in all life cycle stages of T. cruzi, as well as in other members of the kinetoplastid family, showing a defined immunofluorescence labeling pattern consistent with the cytoskeleton. A2R1 binds to tubulin, but this interaction relies on its post-translational modifications. Interestingly, this antibody also targets mammalian tubulin only present in brain, staining in and around cell bodies of the human peripheral and central nervous system. Interpretation: Our findings demonstrate for the first time the existence of a human antibody against T. cruzi tubulin capable of cross-reacting with a human neural protein. This work re-emphasizes the role of molecular mimicry between host and parasitic antigens in the development of pathological manifestations of T. cruzi infection

Efectividad del currículo de la carrera de Medicina. Diseño y validación de instrumentos para valorar la función de investigación

Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Introducción: La formación actual de médicos en Cuba responde a las necesidades de salud de la población del nuestro país y de otros lugares necesitados del mundo. El Área de Docencia e Investigación del Ministerio de Salud Pública creó un grupo de investigación, el cual diseñó el proyecto Efectividad del Currículo de Medicina. Uno de los cortes de valoración del currículo evalúa la correspondencia entre el modelo del profesional declarado para las cinco funciones descritas en el currículo y el profesional en formación. Una de las cinco funciones que se describe en el modelo es la función de investigación. Objetivo: Diseñar un instrumento para evaluar la correspondencia entre el modelo del profesional declarado para la función de investigación en el currículo y el profesional en formación. Material y métodos: Se realizó una investigación de desarrollo tecnológico en tres etapas: primera: diseño del instrumento evaluativo; segunda: ejecución de los ejercicios teóricos y prácticos; tercera: valoración del instrumento. Resultados: Mediante el instrumento diseñado se demostró que con el actual currículo la función de investigación se cumple en 80.8%. La totalidad de los profesores y la mayor parte de los estudiantes se proyectaro

A tool for curricular evaluation of the management function of Medicine career

Introduction: Current medical training in Cuba responds to the health needs of the population of our country and others worldwide. The Teaching and Research Department belonging to the Ministry of Public Health created a research group, which designed the project "Medicine Curriculum Effectiveness". One of the partial curriculum assessments evaluates the correspondence between the professional model declared for the five functions described in the curriculum and professional training. One of the five functions described in the model is the management function. Objective: To design a tool to assess the correspondence between the management function declared and modeled in the curriculum and the actual results showed by professionalist on training. Material and Methods: An investigation of technological development was performed in three stages: First: design an assessment instrument; Second: implementation of the survey and of theoretical - practical exercise; Third: valuation of the instrument.  Results: The designed instrument demonstrated that, with the current educational curriculum, management function is fulfilled in a 77.07%. All the teachers and mostly of students disclosed correctly, focusing their opinions on the required aspects for validation. Conclusions: Was designed a tool for assessing the correspondence between the management function declared and modeled in the curriculum and the actual results showed by the training professionalist. The applied validation actions support the instrument’s tenability in terms of their operativeness and content.Keywords: Management function, assessment instrument, validation, career, Medicine, design.</p

The involvement of thaumatin-like proteins in plant food cross-reactivity: a multicenter study using a specific protein microarray.

Cross-reactivity of plant foods is an important phenomenon in allergy, with geographical variations with respect to the number and prevalence of the allergens involved in this process, whose complexity requires detailed studies. We have addressed the role of thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) in cross-reactivity between fruit and pollen allergies. A representative panel of 16 purified TLPs was printed onto an allergen microarray. The proteins selected belonged to the sources most frequently associated with peach allergy in representative regions of Spain. Sera from two groups of well characterized patients, one with allergy to Rosaceae fruit (FAG) and another against pollens but tolerant to food-plant allergens (PAG), were obtained from seven geographical areas with different environmental pollen profiles. Cross-reactivity between members of this family was demonstrated by inhibition assays. Only 6 out of 16 purified TLPs showed noticeable allergenic activity in the studied populations. Pru p 2.0201, the peach TLP (41%), chestnut TLP (24%) and plane pollen TLP (22%) proved to be allergens of probable relevance to fruit allergy, being mainly associated with pollen sensitization, and strongly linked to specific geographical areas such as Barcelona, Bilbao, the Canary Islands and Madrid. The patients exhibited mayor que50% positive response to Pru p 2.0201 and to chestnut TLP in these specific areas. Therefore, their recognition patterns were associated with the geographical area, suggesting a role for pollen in the sensitization of these allergens. Finally, the co-sensitizations of patients considering pairs of TLP allergens were analyzed by using the co-sensitization graph associated with an allergen microarray immunoassay. Our data indicate that TLPs are significant allergens in plant food allergy and should be considered when diagnosing and treating pollen-food allergy

Efectividad del currículo de la carrera de Medicina. Diseño y validación de instrumentos para valorar la función docente educativa

Introducción: La formación actual de médicos en Cuba responde a las necesidades de salud de la población de nuestro país y otros lugares necesitados del mundo. El Área de Docencia e Investigación del Ministerio de Salud Pública creó un grupo de investigación, el cual diseñó el proyecto Efectividad del Currículo de Medicina. Uno de los cortes de valoración del currículo evalúa la correspondencia entre el modelo del profesional declarado para las cinco funciones descritas en el currículo y el profesional en formación. Una de las cinco funciones que se describe es la función docente educativa. Objetivo: Diseñar un instrumento para evaluar la correspondencia entre el modelo del profesional declarado para la función docente-educativa en el currículo de la carrera de Medicina y el profesional en formación. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una investigación de desarrollo tecnológico en tres etapas: primera, diseño del instrumento evaluativo; segunda, aplicación de la encuesta y ejecución del ejercicio teórico-práctico; tercera, valoración del instrumento. Resultados: El instrumento diseñado demostró que con el actual currículo la función docente educativa se cumple en 75.6%. La totalidad de los profesores y la mayor parte de los estudiantes se proyectaron correctamente, al focalizar sus opiniones en los aspectos requeridos para la validación. Conclusiones: El instrumento permite evaluar la correspondencia entre el modelo del profesional declarado para la función docente-educativa en el currículo y el profesional en formación. Las acciones de validación aplicadas apoyan la validez del instrumento en cuanto a su contenido y operatividad en la práctica. Palabras clave: Función docente educativa, instrumento evaluativo, medicina, currículo, diseño, validación.ABSTRACTIntroduction: Current medical training in Cuba responds to the health needs of the population of our country and others in need around the world. The Department of Teaching and Research of the Ministry of Health created a research group, which designed the project Curriculum Effectiveness of Medicine. One of the cuts curriculum assessments evaluates the correspondence between the professional model declared for the five functions described in the curriculum and professional training. One of the five functions described in the model is the educational teaching function. Objective: To design a tool to assess the correspondence between the professional models declared for educational teaching role in the curriculum and professional training. Material and methods: An investigation of technological development was performed in three stages: first: design assessment instrument; Second: implementation of the survey and implementation of theoretical exercise - practical; Third: assessment instrument. Results: Using the designed instrument was demonstrated that with the current educational curriculum teaching function is fulfilled in 75.6%. All the teachers and most students were projected correctly, to focus their opinions on the aspects required for validation. Conclusions: The instrument allows evaluating the correspondence between the professional model declared for education teaching role in the curriculum and professional training Shares applied validation support the validity of the instrument in terms of content and functionality in practice. Keywords: Educational teaching function, assessment instrument, medicine, curriculum, design, validation.</p

Safety and Revisit Related to Discharge the Sixty-one Spanish Emergency Department Medical Centers Without Hospitalization in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia. A Prospective Cohort Study UMC-Pneumonia COVID-19

Background: Information is needed on the safety and efficacy of direct discharge from the emergency department (ED) of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the variables associated with discharge from the ED in patients presenting with COVID-19 pneumonia, and study ED revisits related to COVID-19 at 30 days (EDR30d). Methods: Multicenter study of the SIESTA cohort including 1198 randomly selected COVID patients in 61 EDs of Spanish medical centers from March 1, 2020, to April 30, 2020. We collected baseline and related characteristics of the acute episode and calculated the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for ED discharge. In addition, we analyzed the variables related to EDR30d in discharged patients. Results: We analyzed 859 patients presenting with COVID-19 pneumonia, 84 (9.8%) of whom were discharged from the ED. The variables independently associated with discharge were being a woman (aOR 1.890; 95%CI 1.176-3.037), age 1200/mm(3) (aOR 4.667; 95%CI 1.045-20.839). The EDR30d of the ED discharged group was 40.0%, being lower in women (aOR 0.368; 95%CI 0.142-0.953). A total of 130 hospitalized patients died (16.8%) as did two in the group discharged from the ED (2.4%) (OR 0.121; 95%CI 0.029-0.498). Conclusion: Discharge from the ED in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was infrequent and was associated with few variables of the episode. The EDR30d was high, albeit with a low mortality

Central blood pressure and pulse wave velocity: relationship to target organ damage and cardiovascular morbidity-mortality in diabetic patients or metabolic syndrome. An observational prospective study. LOD-DIABETES study protocol

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Diabetic patients show an increased prevalence of non-dipping arterial pressure pattern, target organ damage and elevated arterial stiffness. These alterations are associated with increased cardiovascular risk.</p> <p>The objectives of this study are the following: to evaluate the prognostic value of central arterial pressure and pulse wave velocity in relation to the incidence and outcome of target organ damage and the appearance of cardiovascular episodes (cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, chest pain and stroke) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p><b>Design</b>: This is an observational prospective study with 5 years duration, of which the first year corresponds to patient inclusion and initial evaluation, and the remaining four years to follow-up.</p> <p><b>Setting</b>: The study will be carried out in the urban primary care setting.</p> <p><b>Study population</b>: Consecutive sampling will be used to include patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 20-80 years of age. A total of 110 patients meeting all the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be included.</p> <p><b>Measurements</b>: Patient age and sex, family and personal history of cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular risk factors. Height, weight, heart rate and abdominal circumference. Laboratory tests: hemoglobin, lipid profile, creatinine, microalbuminuria, glomerular filtration rate, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood insulin, fibrinogen and high sensitivity C-reactive protein. Clinical and 24-hour ambulatory (home) blood pressure monitoring and self-measured blood pressure. Common carotid artery ultrasound for the determination of mean carotid intima-media thickness. Electrocardiogram for assessing left ventricular hypertrophy. Ankle-brachial index. Retinal vascular study based on funduscopy with non-mydriatic retinography and evaluation of pulse wave morphology and pulse wave velocity using the SphygmoCor system. The medication used for diabetes, arterial hypertension and hyperlipidemia will be registered, together with antiplatelet drugs.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>The results of this study will help to know and quantify the prognostic value of central arterial pressure and pulse wave velocity in relation to the evolution of the subclinical target organ damage markers and the possible incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01065155</p