¿Cuáles son las estrategias preferidas por los jóvenes para negociar el uso del preservativo?

We evaluate the perception of the adequacy of different strategy types to achieve the use of condoms whit a romantic partner in a sample of undergraduate Psychology students (81.4% women, mean age = 21 years, sd = 2.8). Assessments were made with a scale from 0 (not adequate) to 10 (totally adequate). The results show that young people consider more appropriate strategies involving a more or less direct requirement (average 8.51, sd = 1.15) followed by those that consider the protection provided by the condom (mean 8.13, sd = 1.96), whereas the least adequate strategies are those involving emotional arguments (mean 6.32 sd = 2.27). These results should be considered in planning interventions to promote the use of condoms among young people.Se evalúa la percepción de la adecuación de diferentes tipos de estrategias para conseguir el uso del preservativo con una pareja afectiva en una muestra de estudiantes del grado de Psicología (81.4% mujeres, edad media= 21 años, dt.=2.8). Las valoraciones se hicieron con una escala del 0 (nada adecuada) al 10 (totalmente adecuada). Los resultados muestran que los jóvenes consideran más adecuadas las estrategias que formulan la petición más o menos directa (media 8.51, dt.=1.15) seguidas de las que se refieren a la protección que proporciona el preservativo (media 8.13, dt=1.96). Las estrategias consideradas menos adecuadas son aquellas que utilizan argumentos con carga emocional (media 6.32 dt=2.27). Estos resultados deben tenerse en cuenta en la planificación de intervenciones para promocionar el uso del preservativo entre los jóvenes

Cuestionario de estrategias utilizadas por los jóvenes para negociar el uso del preservativo

We analyze the factorial structure of an instrument to assess young people perception of the adequacy of thirteen strategies to negotiate the use of condoms. The sample consists of 260 undergraduate students (81.4% women, mean age = 21 years, sd = 2.8). Assessments were made with a scale from 0 (not adequate) to 10 (totally adequate). The results of the exploratory factor analysis show that the thirteen strategies are grouped into three factors: in a first factor are the strategies based on the protection provided by the condom (against infections, pregnancies, etc.), in a second factor those requesting more or less directly the use of condom (request its use, show a condom etc.) and, finally, a third factor that includes strategies involving emotional-loaded arguments (blackmail, threatening with not having relationships, etc.)Se analiza la estructura factorial de un instrumento para evaluar la percepción que tienen los jóvenes sobre la adecuación de trece estrategias para negociar el uso del preservativo. La muestra está formada por 260 estudiantes de grado (81.4% mujeres, edad media= 21 años; dt=2.8). Las valoraciones se hicieron con una escala del 0 (nada adecuada) al 10 (totalmente adecuada). Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio muestran que las trece estrategias se agrupan en tres factores: en un primer factor aparecen aquellas que se refieren a la protección que proporciona el preservativo (frente a infecciones, embarazos, etc.), en un segundo factor aquellas que formulan la petición de forma más o menos directa (pedir su uso, mostrar un preservativo, etc.) y finalmente un tercer factor que engloba aquellas que utilizan argumentos con carga emocional (chantaje, amenazar con no tener relaciones, etc.)

Jaw osteonecrosis management around a dental implant inserted 2 years before starting treatment with zoledronic acid

Bisphosphonates (BP) are a type of drug known to inhibit bone resorption through complex interventions. Their primary mechanism of action is aimed at the cellular level, inhibiting osteoclast activity and so bone resorption. BPs are widely used, with many patients receiving continuous treatment for years. But it is well known that these drugs can produce osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Zoledronic acid (ZA) is an intravenous BP used in the treatment and prophylaxis of bone disease in patients with malignant tumors with bone implication. ZA is the most potent BP in clinical development. This report describes the case of a 62-year-old woman with breast cancer antecedents which relapsed, who had received a maxillary dental implant two years before the start of therapy with zoledronic acid. She later developed osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), which began in the peri-implant area, and was treated for stage 3 ONJ by sub-total maxillectom

Ventajas del uso del preservativo, la píldora anticonceptiva y la píldora postcoital según los jóvenes

Advantages of condom use, contraceptive pill and postcoital pill according to young people. Three preventive sexual methods are compared according to the advantages they provide. 140 young undergraduate students participate in the study (77.1% women, mean age 20.7, dt = 3.1). Young people are requested to quantitatively order these methods using an ipsative scale. The condom is valued mainly as a protector of sexual health and for the lack of side effects. The most valued method for increasing men and women’s pleasure sensation is the contraceptive pill, followed by the postcoital pill. Globally, the most and the least valued methods are the condom and the postcoital pill, respectively.Se comparan tres métodos sexuales preventivos según las ventajas que proporciona su uso. Participan en el estudio 140 jóvenes estudiantes de grado (77.1% mujeres;  edad media 20.7; dt=3.1). Se pide a los jóvenes que ordenen cuantitativamente  cada uno de estos métodos utilizando una escala ipsativa. El preservativo es valorado principalmente como protector de la salud sexual y por su carencia de efectos secundarios. El método más valorado para incrementar la sensación de placer en el hombre y la mujer es la píldora anticonceptiva seguida de la píldora postcoital. Globalmente el método mejor valorado es el preservativo y el menos valorado la píldora postcoital

Therapeutic efficacy of pulmonary live tuberculosis vaccines against established asthma by subverting local immune environment

Background: Substantial recent advances in the comprehension of the molecular and cellular mechanisms behind asthma have evidenced the importance of the lung immune environment for disease outcome, making modulation of local immune responses an attractive therapeutic target against this pathology. Live attenuated mycobacteria, such as the tuberculosis vaccine BCG, have been classically linked with a type 1 response, and proposed as possible modulators of the type 2 response usually associated with asthma. Methods: In this study we used different acute and chronic murine models of asthma to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of intranasal delivery of the live tuberculosis vaccines BCG and MTBVAC by regulating the lung immune environment associated with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Findings: Intranasal administration of BCG, or the novel tuberculosis vaccine candidate MTBVAC, abrogated AHR-associated hallmarks, including eosinophilia and lung remodeling. This correlated with the re-polarization of allergen-induced M2 macrophages towards an M1 phenotype, as well as with the induction of a strong allergen-specific Th1 response. Importantly, vaccine treatment was effective in a scenario of established chronic asthma where a strong eosinophil infiltration was already present prior to immunization. We finally compared the nebulization efficiency of clinical formulations of MTBVAC and BCG using a standard commercial nebulizer for potential aerosol application. Interpretation: Our results demonstrate that pulmonary live tuberculosis vaccines efficiently revert established asthma in mice. These data support the further exploration of this approach as potential therapy against asthma

Panorámica de la distribución de azafrán en el mercado urbano de Zaragoza

Unpublishe

Semi-Classical Mechanics in Phase Space: The Quantum Target of Minimal Strings

The target space $M_{p,q}$ of $(p,q)$ minimal strings is embedded into the phase space of an associated integrable classical mechanical model. This map is derived from the matrix model representation of minimal strings. Quantum effects on the target space are obtained from the semiclassical mechanics in phase space as described by the Wigner function. In the classical limit the target space is a fold catastrophe of the Wigner function that is smoothed out by quantum effects. Double scaling limit is obtained by resolving the singularity of the Wigner function. The quantization rules for backgrounds with ZZ branes are also derived.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure

THE CONNECTION between the RADIO JET and the GAMMA-RAY EMISSION in the RADIO GALAXY 3C 120

© 2015. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We present the analysis of the radio jet evolution of the radio galaxy 3C 120 during a period of prolonged γ-ray activity detected by the Fermi satellite between 2012 December and 2014 October. We find a clear connection between the γ-ray and radio emission, such that every period of γ-ray activity is accompanied by the flaring of the millimeter very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) core and subsequent ejection of a new superluminal component. However, not all ejections of components are associated with γ-ray events detectable by Fermi. Clear γ-ray detections are obtained only when components are moving in a direction closer to our line of sight. This suggests that the observed γ-ray emission depends not only on the interaction of moving components with the millimeter VLBI core, but also on their orientation with respect to the observer. Timing of the γ-ray detections and ejection of superluminal components locate the γ-ray production to within ∼0.13 pc from the millimeter VLBI core, which was previously estimated to lie about 0.24 pc from the central black hole. This corresponds to about twice the estimated extension of the broad line region, limiting the external photon field and therefore suggesting synchrotron self Compton as the most probable mechanism for the production of the γ-ray emission. Alternatively, the interaction of components with the jet sheath can provide the necessary photon field to produced the observed γ-rays by Compton scattering.his research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grants AYA2010-14844, and AYA2013-40825 P, and by the Regional Government of Andalucia (Spain) grant P09-FQM-4784. This research was partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant 13-02-12103 and by the Academy of Finland project 274477.Peer Reviewe

Reemplazo de la estabilización tartárica por frío en las bodegas: El uso de carboximetil celulosa, poliaspartato de potasio y resinas intercambiadoras de iones

El tratamiento de los vinos antes del embotellado para evitar la precipitación de las sales del ácido tartárico es un paso importante y común durante la producción del vino. La estabilización en frío es el tratamiento de estabilización más utilizado, y aunque ha demostrado ser efectiva, presenta algunas desventajas significativas. Estas son las razones por las cuales se están introduciendo otros productos y metodologías en las bodegas. Algunas de estas nuevas técnicas implican la reducción de la concentración de ácido tartárico y/o potasio en los vinos. Otras son técnicas aditivas y utilizan coloides protectores o inhibidores de la cristalización de las sales. En este estudio, se han tratado con carboximetilcelulosa, con poliaspartado de potasio y con resina de intercambio iónico vinos blancos, rosados y dos tipos diferentes de vinos tintos. Se estudiaron las características enológicas y cromáticas de los vinos y se evaluaron también sensorialmente. Los resultados indican que las características sensoriales y cromáticas se mantuvieron en los vinos (en comparación con un vino de control no tratado) con el uso de la carboximetilcelulosa y el poliaspartato, no detectándose diferencias en la mayoría de los casos en una prueba sensorial triangular en el caso de la carboximetilcelulosa y siendo los vinos tratados con poliaspartato de potasio evaluados positivamente

SEOM Clinical Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer (2016)

Esophageal cancer (EC) is an aggressive tumor that represents the 6th most common cause of cancer death worldwide. The estimated incidence in Spain is 2090 cases/year. Two main pathological subtypes exist, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The main differences between them are localization and underlying factors which are the principal cause of the recent incidence changes observed in west countries. Staging techniques and treatment options which combine surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, reflected the high complexity of the EC management. An undeniably multidisciplinary approach is, therefore, required. In this guide, we review the status of current diagnosis and treatment, define evidence and propose recommendations