A PUMA-G receptor élettani és kórélettani szerepe az agyi vérkeringésben. = Role of the PUMA-G receptor in the cerebral circulation.

Eredményeink szerint a PUMA-G receptor nem játszik szignifikáns szerepet az agykérgi véráramlás szabályozásában sem élettani sem pedig kórélettani körülmények között. Igazoltuk az epidermális Langerhans-sejtek szerepét a nikotinsav-okozta flush- reakció a közvetíttésében, mely adatok egyúttal arra utalnak, hogy a Langerhans-sejteknek élettani/kórélettani szerepe lehet a bőr véráramlásának szabályozásában. Eredményeink szerint a nikotinsav a PUMA-G receptor által közvetített mechanizmussal csökkenti a sebocyták zsírtartalmát egérben, ami felveti a PUMA-G receptor agonisták alkalmazásának lehetőségét az acne és seborrhea kezelésére. Leírtuk, hogy hypoxia és hypercapnia során az endocannabinoid felszabadulás agykérgi véráramlás-csökkenést okoz, aminek hátterében az excitatorikus glutamáterg neurotranszmisszió preszinaptikus gátlását feltételezzük. Igazoltuk, hogy az endogén CO képződés egyrészt tónusosan gátolja a hypothalamikus nitrogén monoxid szintetáz (NOS) aktivitást, másrészt pedig stimulálja a PGE2?felszabadulást és e két úton keresztül indirekt módon képes befolyásolni a hypothalamus véráramlását. Más agyi régiókban, pl. a parietális agykéregben az endogén CO NOS-t gátló hatása dominál és így véráramlás-csökkenést okoz. Megállapítottuk, hogy a neutrális szfingomielináz reaktív oxigén szabadgyökök által közvetített, de NOX2-től független módon csökkenti az a. carotis kontrakciós válaszait. | Our results indicate that the PUMA-G receptor has no significant role in the regulation of the cerebrocortical blood flow under physiological or pathophysiological conditions. We proved that epidermal Langerhans-cells mediate the nicotinic acid induced flush reaction indicating that these cells may play important roles in the regulation of the dermal blood flow. Nicotinic acid inhibits lipogenesis in sebocytes which effect is mediated by the PUMA-G receptor. Therefore, PUMA-G agonists may be beneficial in the treatment of seborrhea and acne. We described that endogenous CO suppresses hypothalamic NOS activity but stimulates PGE2-release at the same time. Both of these effects indirectly influence the hypothalamic circulation. In the parietal cortex CO reduces blood flow via inhibition of NO synthesis. In preliminary experiments we found that neutral sphingomyelinase suppresses the contractile responses of the carotid artery via NOX2-independent generation of reactive oxygen species

Az alsó ferde szemizom dozírozott transzpozíciójának hatásossága strabismus sursoadductorius esetén

Abstract: Introduction: Idiopathic strabismus sursoadductorius is characterized by an overaction of the inferior oblique (IO) muscle, with elevation of the eye in adduction. This can result in chronic headache, eye pain, diplopia and abnormal head posture. Aim: Presentation of clinical results after graded recession of inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) in strabismus sursoadductorius. Method: During a period of 6 years (2012?2017) we performed a dosed transposition of IO muscle in 53 patients in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Semmelweis University and analyzed the clinical results retrospectively. The mean age was 12.8, min?max: 2?51 years. The transposition of the muscle (8 mm, 10 mm or maximal) was performed because of IOOA and was planned depending on the vertical deviation (VD) in maximal adduction. In case of maximal transposition, the insertion of IO was placed under the lateral part of the lower rectus muscle. We evaluated the squint angle in five positions of gaze preoperatively and postoperative 1 week, 1 month and 3?6 months. We examined best corrected visual acuity, binocular vision and complications after surgery. Results: Postoperatively 25 patients had acceptable stereopsis (Titmus 5). Visual acuity remained stable after surgery in all cases. The VD measured in maximal adduction changed with a decrease of 7.5° when 8 mm transposition was performed, and changed with a decrease to 12°, when maximal recession was performed. The mean reduction of VD was 17.8 prism dioptres (PD) after 1 week (p<0.01), 20.5 PD after 1 month and remained stable during a follow-up of 3?6 months. Conclusion: Graded recession of inferior oblique muscle is a suitable proposed procedure in patients with marked strabismus sursoadductorius. The rates of functional under- or overcorrection or other complications are low. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(27): 1064?1069

The personality, motivational, and need-based background of problematic Tinder use

Background and aims Tinder is a geo-located online dating application, which is present in almost 200 countries and has 10 million daily users. The aim of the present research was to investigate the motivational, personality, and basic psychological need-related background of problematic Tinder use. Methods After qualitative pretest and item construction, in Study 1 (N = 414), confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to corroborate the different motivational factors behind Tinder use. In Study 2 (N = 346), the associations between Big Five traits, Tinder motivations, and problematic Tinder use were examined with structural equation modeling (SEM). In Study 3 (N = 298), the potential role of general self-esteem, relatedness need satisfaction, and frustration in relation to Tinder-use motivations and problematic Tinder use was examined with SEM. Results In Study 1, a 16-item first-order factor structure was identified with four motivational factors, such as sex, love, self-esteem enhancement, and boredom. In Study 2, problematic Tinder use was mainly related to using Tinder for self-esteem enhancement. The Big Five personality factors were only weakly related to the four motivations and to problematic Tinder use. Counterintuitively, Study 3 showed that instead of global self-esteem, relatedness need frustration was the strongest predictor of self-esteem enhancement Tinder-use motivation which, in turn, was the strongest predictor of problematic Tinder use. Discussion Four motivational factors were identified as predictors of problematic use with need frustration being a relevant background variable instead of general personality traits

Small Paraquat Resistance Proteins Modulate Paraquat and ABA Responses and Confer Drought Tolerance to Overexpressing Arabidopsis Plants

Adaptation of higher plants to extreme environmental conditions is under complex regulation. Several small peptides have recently been described to modulate responses to stress conditions. The Small Paraquat resistance protein (SPQ) of Lepidium crassifolium has previously been identified due to its capacity to confer paraquat resistance to overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Here, we show that overexpression of the closely related Arabidopsis SPQ can also enhance resistance to paraquat, while the Arabidopsis spq1 mutant is slightly hypersensitive to this herbicide. Besides being implicated in paraquat response, overexpression of SPQs enhanced sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), and the knockout spq1 mutant was less sensitive to ABA. Both Lepidium‐ and Arabidopsis‐derived SPQs could improve drought tolerance by reducing water loss, stabilizing photosynthetic electron transport and enhancing plant viability and survival in a water‐limited environment. Enhanced drought tolerance of SPQ‐overexpressing plants could be confirmed by characterizing various parameters of growth, morphology and photosynthesis using an automatic plant phenotyping platform with RGB and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging. Our results suggest that SPQs can be regulatory small proteins connecting ROS and ABA regulation and through that influence responses to certain stresses

Gyermekkori Langerhans-sejtes histiocytosissal szerzett magyarországi tapasztalataink

BACKGROUND: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in children is relatively rare, and the long-term analysis of therapy results has not been done yet in Hungary. PURPOSE: In this review we summarise the incidence, clinical features, prognostic risk factors and treatment results of children's LCH in Hungary, using data from the National Childhood Cancer Registry in Hungary in a 20-year period between 1981 and 2000. RESULTS: From January 1981 to December 2000, 111 children under 18 years of age were newly diagnosed with LCH in Hungary. The male-female ratio was 1.36:1, the mean age: 4 years 11 months. The minimal and median follow-up time was 3.48 years and 10.98 years respectively. 38 children had single-system disease, while in 73 cases we found systemic dissemination already at the time of diagnosis. Twenty-two patients were treated only by local surgery, 7 by surgery with local irradiation and 5 children received only local irradiation. In two cases remission was obtained with local steroid administration. 75 patient received chemotherapy. During the twenty years 14 children died, 9 due to the progression of the disease. Sixteen of the 111 patients had relapse with a mean of 2.16+/-1.29 years after the first diagnosis. Three patients with relapse got chemotherapy generally used in lymphoma and remission was achieved. The overall survival of all patients (n=111) was 88.3+/-3.1% at 5 years and 87.3+/-3.2% at 10 and 20 years. CONCLUSION: Childhood LCH is a well treatable disease and the survival rate is high. Even disseminated diseases have a quite good prognosis in childhood

Hypersensitivity to Thromboxane Receptor Mediated Cerebral Vasomotion and CBF Oscillations during Acute NO-Deficiency in Rats

), NO-deficiency is often associated with activation of thromboxane receptors (TP). In the present study we hypothesized that in the absence of NO, overactivation of the TP-receptor mediated cerebrovascular signaling pathway contributes to the development of vasomotion and CBF oscillations. synthesis by ozagrel (10 mg/kg iv.) attenuated it. In isolated MCAs U-46619 in a concentration of 100 nM, which induced weak and stable contraction under physiological conditions, evoked sustained vasomotion in the absence of NO, which effect could be completely reversed by inhibition of Rho-kinase by 10 µM Y-27632.These results suggest that hypersensitivity of the TP-receptor – Rho-kinase signaling pathway contributes to the development of low frequency cerebral vasomotion which may propagate to vasospasm in pathophysiological states associated with NO-deficiency