Investigations on the effects of carbon sources and pH on exo-polygalacturonase productions by aspergillus sojae

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Biotechnology, Izmir, 2013Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 59-62)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish an Englishxii, 73 leavesPectinases are a group of enzymes that are responsible for degredation of pectic substances. Pectinases are produced by many organisms including plants, bacteria and fungi. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different carbon sources and pH on pectinase production by a group of flamentous fungi. For this purpose, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oryzae ATCC 4858, Aspergillus sojae ATCC 2035 (A. sojae WT) and its mutant type Aspegillus sojae MT (A. sojae MT) grown in orange peel containing media were evaluated in terms of exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG), pectin lyase (PL), pectin methyl esterase (PME), and also xylanase and cellulase activities. A. sojae WT and A. sojae MT were found to be as exo-PG producers. Maximum exo-PG activities were 47.84 U/ml and 108.02 U/ml, respectively. Exo-PG production by A. sojae WT and A. sojae MT was evaluated using the medium containing glucose, pectin, pectin/glucose, pectin/fructose and pectin/sucrose as substrate. Additional supply of glucose to the pectin media was found to be more effective than fructose or sucrose. The fermentations in which pH was not maintained, the use of glucose, pectin and pectin/glucose resulted in superior enzyme activities compared to ones obtained with other media compositions

ATTRIBUTIONS TO SUCCESS AND FAILURE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING: THE EFFECTS OF GENDER, AGE AND PERCEIVED SUCCESS

The main purpose of this study is to analyze Turkish tertiary level EFL learners’ attributions to success and failure and the effects of gender, age, and perceived success on their attributions. The results indicated that EFL learners respectively attributed interest, ability, task difficulty, effort, luck and the influence of teacher and school as influential factors of their success whereas they respectively rated effort, interest, the effect of teacher and school, ability, task difficulty, and luck as influential factors of their failure. Furthermore, they were more inclined to agree that internal reasons are responsible for their success while blaming external reasons for their failure. In addition, females seemed to attribute external factors more than their male counterparts and unsuccessful learners attributed more importance to effort and internal dimension than successful students. Finally, the study revealed that age was not an important factor in EFL learners’ attribution to success and failure.  Article visualizations

TURKISH TERTIARY LEVEL EFL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF NATIVE ENGLISH-SPEAKING TEACHERS AND NON-NATIVE ENGLISH-SPEAKING TEACHERS

Native English-speaking teacher (NEST) and non-native English-speaking teacher (NNEST) dichotomy has been around over a number of decades, and the prevailing view regarding the dichotomy has been that native speakers have been brought forth and prioritized in the field of English language teaching merely due to being a native speaker of English. The objective of this study is to explore Turkish tertiary level EFL students’ perceptions of NESTs and NNESTs. So as to discover the perceptions of the participants, a close and open questionnaire was conducted. The findings yield that the participants preferred to be taught English by both NESTs and NNESTs according to the areas they were considered to be competent at teaching. NESTs were contemplated to be good at teaching speaking, pronunciation, and target culture, whereas NNESTs were perceived to be good at teaching grammar, reading, and writing. The results also indicate that students placed importance on teachers’ teaching experience and qualifications while evaluating their performance as English language teachers.  Article visualizations

A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE PLACE OF JOINING ERASMUS+ PROGRAM IN PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

This phenomenological research aims to explore the place of the Erasmus+ program (EP) in enhancing pre-service English teachers’ (PSETs) professional development. Additionally, this study targets learning about their experiences in the EP and their recommendations on how the program could be ameliorated to better serve prospective PSET participants. The data collected through in-depth interviewing were analysed adopting an inductive approach. The findings revealed that the PSETs believed participating in the EP helped them to develop their speaking skills and broaden their extant knowledge of different cultures, yet they overwhelmingly pointed out that since some courses they took at the host universities were not directly related to the field of English language teaching, the EP did not significantly contribute to their professional development. The findings also demonstrated PSETs’ suggestions concerning how to improve the EP to alleviate the problems they confronted for other PSETs whose future plans contain participating in the program. Keywords: EP, in-depth interviewing, initial English language teacher education, professional development, PSET

BRAIN-COMPATIBLE LEARNING: FROM STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES

The objective of this is to investigate young adult learners’ perceptions of brain-compatible learning. 27 university preparatory school students aged 18-21 were taught in compliance with brain-compatible learning approach for four months and a half. Subsequent to the intervention, the participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire developed to explore students’ perceptions about brain-compatible learning. A semi-structured interview was conducted in order to gain deeper insights into the participants’ perceptions of the brain-compatible learning intervention. The findings obtained from the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative data indicate that the participants have positive perceptions of brain-compatible learning and are planning to continue applying brain-compatible learning principles in the ensuring years. The results of this study could prompt researchers and practitioners to implement brain-compatible learning principles in classroom environment and discover students’ perceptions of brain-compatible learning among different age groups.  Article visualizations

The Progress a Pre-Service English Language Teacher Made in Her Feedback Giving Practices in Distance Teaching Practicum

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, teaching practicum has been conducted in online learning settings in Turkey, which, in return, has made pre-service English language teachers do their practicums online. The lack of research into the effect of distance teaching practicum on pre-service English language teachers’ practices of giving feedback prompted the researcher to carry out this research. This instrumental case study aims to investigate the changes in a pre-service English language teacher’s feedback giving practices in the English lessons she taught in the distance teaching practicum and her views about how the distance teaching practicum affected her skills of providing feedback. The results obtained from the analysis of the data collected from the researcher’s notes on the pre-service English language teacher’s provision of feedback in the four online lessons she taught, post-lesson telephone interviews and end-of-study semi-structured interview indicated her teaching experiences helped her make a considerable progress in her skills in giving effective feedback. The findings pointed to the significance of distance teaching practicum in developing pre-service English language teachers’ feedback giving practices

Amélioration de l'éfficacité du traitement des eaux usées grâce à la biodégradation médiée par la laccase des contaminants organiques traces

Abstract: Recently, concerns have been raised about trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) in wastewater and their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. TrOCs found in wastewater are a cause for concern due to their ability to contaminate drinking water sources and the environment. Consuming contaminated water with TrOCs can pose health risks to humans. It can also harm aquatic life, leading to ecosystem disruptions and potential entry into the food chain. Additionally, certain TrOCs have properties that can disrupt endocrine systems, which can further impact human health and the stability of the environment. Researchers have explored various treatment methods, including fungal treatments and laccase enzymes. However, there needs to be more literature regarding selecting fungal strains and optimizing laccase-based biodegradation mechanisms for efficient TrOC removal. This thesis aims to fill that gap by delving into laccase production, purification, immobilization, and its impact on degrading TrOCs. By exploring various aspects of this process, we can work towards developing more efficient and sustainable methods of reducing the negative impact of TrOCs on our environment. The current study encompasses a comprehensive examination of different fungal strains, including Trametes hirsuta, Pleurotus dryinus, Tramates versicolor, and Coriolopsis polyzona, to evaluate their laccase productivity and response to trace elements. The sorption mechanisms of laccase-mediated fungal treatment on targeted TrOCs were also explored. Furthermore, the study investigated free Laccase's purification and removal efficiency and the potential of laccase mediator systems (LMS) and immobilization techniques for enhanced biodegradation. The findings from this study provided valuable insights into the optimization and cost-effectiveness of laccase-based bioremediation strategies for sustainable wastewater treatment and environmental protection. Throughout experiments, fungal strains have been found to play a crucial role in producing external laccase activities. One of the advantages of using fungi is its high adsorption capacity, thus making it an effective pollutants-removal method. It is interesting to note that the reactions of internal and external enzymes on selected compounds differ from one compound to another. It has been observed that Laccase does not affect all types of TrOCs. It is essential to establish reasonable system control measures to prevent the release of adsorbed contaminants or enhance laccase activities to optimize the fungal treatment. It also highlights the importance of degradation by external enzyme activity and/or adsorption mechanisms as a primary step in removing TrOCs, followed by internal enzyme activities that remove some of the existing compounds after reaching a specific limit of adsorption capacity. Following these experiments, the study focused on the efficiency of laccase-mediator systems in removing recalcitrant organic contaminants. The results showed that laccase-mediator systems efficiently removed recalcitrant organic contaminants such as atrazine (ATZ) and carbamazepine (CBZ) in individual compound solutions, even at environmentally relevant concentrations. The removal efficiency of ATZ and CBZ in single compound solutions sets was observed up to 100% during the first 36h, and no significant difference was observed for all the tested mediators. Regardless of single compound sets, ATZ and CBZ in mixed compound sets removal were less than 65%. Also, the phenolic contaminant acetaminophen (APAP) is examined as a potential mediator candidate for laccase, and the results showed positive results. The study on laccase mediator systems led to a sub-study on "Laccase Catalyzed Iodine Synthesis as Disinfectant." Results showed that acetophenone was a more efficient mediator than APAP for iodine synthesis. Increasing APAP concentration increased iodine synthesis with a maximum of 0.5 mM. High concentrations of KI (>20 mM) inhibited laccase activities. Under 10 U/L, 20 mM KI concentration was most efficient for enzyme activity, chemical consumption, and contaminant removal efficiency. APAP and other phenolic compounds in real wastewater could serve as a mediator and increase the system's efficiency. Laccase-catalyzed iodine demonstrated high disinfection performance in fecal coliform tests, with the optimal concentrations observed at 15 and 20 mM KI. The study examined the effectiveness of laccase immobilization and optimization. The immobilization was achieved by bonding and adsorbing on mesoporous silica-covered packing. The results showed that the immobilized laccase was more efficient and stable in harsh conditions than the free enzyme. It had broader optimal temperature and pH ranges and better storage stability. This study suggests that immobilization can be a promising solution for industries that rely on sensitive biological enzymes. Particularly noteworthy is the use of mesoporous silica-covered packing and laccase-abundant broth instead of pure laccase for the immobilization, which offers substantial financial benefits. This approach facilitates the immobilized enzyme at any desired time, allowing for multiple cycles of re-utilization. Such a strategy holds tremendous potential for enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of enzymatic processes in various industries. The resulting enzyme immobilization yield on the support was between 56-74 %, and the highest immobilization efficiency, 1.8 U/g packing, was achieved in the sets where initial laccase activity was limited (15 U). The unique part of this study was that the silica-covered mesoporous packing was immobilized by contacting with 15000 U laccase-abundant broth without the purifying step, which consumes many chemicals. The immobilization yield was 60%, and the highest activity was 346 U/g packing. The immobilization process remained consistent after 2 days, indicating that most laccase molecules were adsorbed within the pores without undesired lateral interactions. The immobilized laccase exhibited good reusability and retained more than 50 % of its initial activity after being stored at 4ºC for 5 months. It was addressed that the best pH was selected as 7 to condition silica-covered packing with glutaraldehyde, while the optimum pH was 3.5 or 5.5 to immobilize laccase on the silica-covered packing. The optimum glutaraldehyde concentration was also selected as 3%. Unfortunately, it is not enough to immobilize laccase; it requires a high amount of laccase immobilization, so it requires a high amount of laccase production. It examined the potential of non-polar solvent hexane and polar solvents, methanol, and ethanol, as inducers for laccase production and the established inducer copper. Also, the abundant hexane effluent from silica production is tested as an inducer to diminish the ecological footstep of the study. The impact of mesoporous silica-coated plastic packing on free laccase production and concomitant immobilization was evaluated under both sterilized and unsterilized conditions to understand if the costly step-sterilization can be avoided. The study revealed that copper and ethanol were the most effective inducers, with the highest total laccase activity achieved at a copper concentration of 0.5 mM under sterilized conditions. The groups treated with copper and ethanol also showed immobilized laccase activity under unsterilized conditions. Our evaluation of concomitant laccase immobilization showed that the sterilized waste hexane sets had the highest activity of immobilized laccase, with a value of 1.25 U/mg packing. The hexane sets under sterilized conditions had the second-highest immobilized enzyme activity. It was found that even though a small amount of immobilized laccase activity was detected in the packings of the copper and inducer sets in the unsterilized sets, the desired levels of free and immobilized laccase activity were not achieved in comparison to the sterilized sets. These results likely are because the sets were not sterilized, which could have led to other species due to planned -microbial contamination from the laboratory. This presence of several fungal species could have had a significant impact on the reduction of laccase activity. Using pure cultures and ensuring a sterilized system is essential to avoid contamination. This step of the study focuses on one of the most remarkable outcomes of the current research: the successful application of waste hexane as an inducer for concomitant immobilized laccase activity. This innovative approach to laccase production could lead to a promising method for decreasing running costs and improving the cost-efficiency of enzymatic processes in wastewater treatment plants, both industrial and domestic.Récemment, des préoccupations ont été soulevées au sujet des micropolluants dans les eaux usées et de leurs effets néfastes potentiels sur la santé humaine et l'environnement. Les chercheurs ont exploré diverses méthodes de traitement, y compris des traitements fongiques comme les enzymes laccase. Cependant, il doit y avoir plus de littérature concernant la sélection des souches fongiques et l'optimisation des mécanismes de biodégradation à base de laccase pour une élimination efficace des micropolluants. Cette thèse vise à combler cette lacune en explorant la production, la purification, l'immobilisation de la laccase et son impact sur la dégradation des micropolluants. En explorant divers aspects de ce processus, nous pouvons travailler au développement de méthodes plus efficaces et durables pour réduiare l'impact négatif des micropolluants sur notre environnement. L'étude actuelle comprend un examen complet de différentes souches fongiques, y compris Trametes hirsuta, Pleurotus dryinus, Tramates versicolor et Coriolopsis Polyzona, pour évaluer leur productivité en laccase et leur réponse aux oligo-éléments. Les mécanismes de sorption des traitements fongiques médiés par la laccase sur des micropolluants ciblés ont également été explorés. En outre, l'étude a étudié l'efficacité de purification et d'élimination de la laccase libre et le potentiel des systèmes médiateurs de la laccase (LMS) et des techniques d'immobilisation pour une biodégradation améliorée. Les résultats de cette étude ont fourni des informations précieuses sur l'optimisation et la rentabilité des stratégies de bioremédiation à base de laccase pour le traitement durable des eaux usées et la protection de l'environnement. Tout au long des expériences, les souches fongiques se sont avérées jouer un rôle crucial dans la production d'activités externes de laccase. L'un des avantages de l'utilisation de Fungi est sa grande capacité d'adsorption, ce qui en fait une méthode efficace d'élimination des polluants. Il est intéressant de noter que les réactions des enzymes internes et externes sur les composés sélectionnés diffèrent d'un composé à l'autre. Il a été observé que la laccase n'affecte pas tous les types de micropolluants. Pour optimiser le traitement fongique, il est essentiel d'avoir un contrôle raisonnable du système pour éviter la libération de contaminants adsorbés ou pour augmenter les activités laccase. Il met également en évidence l'importance de la dégradation par l'activité enzymatique externe et/ou les mécanismes d'adsorption en tant qu'étape primaire dans l'élimination des micropolluants, suivie par des activités enzymatiques internes qui éliminent certains des composés existants après avoir atteint une limite spécifique de capacité d'adsorption. Suite à ces expériences, l'étude s'est concentrée sur l'efficacité des systèmes laccase-médiateur à éliminer les résultats des contaminants organiques récalcitrants. Les résultats ont montré que les systèmes de laccase-médiateur éliminaient efficacement les contaminants organiques récalcitrants tels que l'ATZ et la CBZ dans les solutions de composés individuels, même à des concentrations pertinentes pour l'environnement. L'efficacité d'élimination de l'ATZ et de la CBZ dans des ensembles de solutions à un seul composé a été observée jusqu'à 100 % au cours des 36 premières heures, et aucune différence significative n'a été observée pour tous les médiateurs testés. Indépendamment des ensembles de composés simples, l'élimination de l'ATZ et de la CBZ dans les ensembles de composés mixtes était inférieure à 65 %. En outre, le contaminant phénolique APAP est examiné en tant que candidat médiateur potentiel pour la laccase, et les résultats ont montré des résultats positifs. L'étude sur les systèmes médiateurs de la laccase a conduit à une sous-étude sur "La synthèse de l'iode catalysée par la laccase comme désinfectant". Les résultats ont montré que l'acétophénone était un médiateur plus efficace que l'acétaminophène pour la synthèse de l'iode. L'augmentation de la concentration d'acétaminophène a augmenté la synthèse d'iode avec un maximum de 0,5 mM. Des concentrations élevées de KI (> 20 mM) ont inhibé les activités de la laccase. Sous 10 U/L, la concentration de 20 mM de KI était la plus efficace pour l'activité enzymatique, la consommation de produits chimiques et l'efficacité d'élimination des contaminants. L'acétaminophène et d'autres composés phénoliques dans les eaux usées réelles pourraient servir de médiateurs et augmenter l'efficacité du système. L'iode catalysé par la laccase a montré une performance de désinfection élevée dans les tests de coliformes fécaux, et les concentrations de 15 et 20 mM de KI étaient optimales pour l'irrigation. L'étude a examiné l'efficacité de l'immobilisation et de l'optimisation de la laccase. L'immobilisation a été réalisée par collage et adsorption sur un garnissage mésoporeux recouvert de silice. Les résultats ont montré que la laccase immobilisée était plus efficace et stable dans des conditions difficiles que l'enzyme libre. Il avait des plages de température et de pH optimales plus larges et une meilleure stabilité au stockage. Cette étude suggère que l'immobilisation peut être une solution prometteuse pour les industries qui dépendent d'enzymes biologiques sensibles. L'utilisation d'un garnissage mésoporeux recouvert de silice et d'un bouillon riche en laccase au lieu de la laccase pure pour l'immobilisation est particulièrement remarquable, ce qui offre des avantages financiers substantiels. Cette approche facilite l'immobilisation de l'enzyme à tout moment souhaité, permettant plusieurs cycles de réutilisation. Une telle stratégie recèle un énorme potentiel pour améliorer l'efficacité et la durabilité des processus enzymatiques dans diverses industries. Le rendement d'immobilisation de l'enzyme résultant sur le support était compris entre 56 et 74 %, et l'efficacité d'immobilisation la plus élevée, 1,8 U/g de garnissage, a été obtenue dans les ensembles dans lesquels la laccase initiale était limitée (15 U). La partie unique de cette étude était que le garnissage mésoporeux recouvert de silice était immobilisé par contact avec un bouillon riche en laccase de 15 000 unités sans l'étape de purification, qui consomme de nombreux produits chimiques. Le rendement d'immobilisation était de 60 % et l'activité la plus élevée était de 346 U/g de garnissage. Le processus d'immobilisation est resté constant après 2 jours, indiquant que la plupart des molécules de laccase ont été adsorbées dans les pores sans interactions latérales indésirables. La Laccase immobilisée a montré une bonne réutilisabilité et a conservé plus de 50 % de son activité initiale après avoir été stockée à 4°C pendant 5 mois. Il a été indiqué que le meilleur Ph était sélectionné à 7 pour conditionner le garnissage recouvert de silice avec du glutaraldéhyde, tandis que le Ph optimal était de 3,5 ou 5,5 pour immobiliser la laccase sur le garnissage recouvert de silice. La concentration optimale en glutaraldéhyde a également été choisie à 3 %. Malheureusement, il ne suffit pas d'immobiliser Laccase ; il nécessite une grande quantité d'immobilisation de la laccase, il nécessite donc une grande quantité de production de laccase. Il a examiné le potentiel du solvant non polaire hexane et des solvants polaires, le méthanol et l'éthanol, en tant qu'inducteurs de la production de laccase et de l'inducteur établi, le cuivre. De plus, l'effluent abondant d'hexane provenant de la production de silice est testé comme inducteur pour diminuer l'empreinte écologique de l'étude. L'impact de l'emballage en plastique recouvert de silice mésoporeuse sur la production de laccase libre et l'immobilisation concomitante a été évalué dans des conditions stérilisées et non stérilisées pour comprendre si la coûteuse étape de stérilisation peut être évitée. L'étude a révélé que le cuivre et l'éthanol étaient les inducteurs les plus efficaces, avec l'activité laccase totale la plus élevée obtenue à une concentration de cuivre de 0,5 mM dans des conditions stérilisées. Les groupes traités avec du cuivre et de l'éthanol ont également montré une activité laccase immobilisée dans des conditions non stérilisées. Notre évaluation de l'immobilisation concomitante de la laccase a montré que les ensembles d'hexane de déchets stérilisés avaient l'activité la plus élevée de la laccase immobilisée, avec une valeur de 1,25 U/mg d'emballage. Les ensembles d'hexane dans des conditions stérilisées avaient la deuxième activité enzymatique immobilisée la plus élevée. Il a été constaté que même si une petite quantité d'activité de laccase immobilisée a été détectée dans les garnitures des ensembles de cuivre et d'inducteur dans les ensembles non stérilisés, les niveaux souhaités d'activité de laccase libre et immobilisée n'ont pas été atteints par rapport aux ensembles stérilisés. Ces résultats sont probablement dus au fait que les ensembles n'ont pas été stérilisés, ce qui aurait pu conduire à d'autres espèces en raison d'une contamination microbienne planifiée par le laboratoire. Cette présence de plusieurs espèces fongiques aurait pu avoir un impact significatif sur la réduction de l'activité des laccases. L'utilisation de cultures pures et la garantie d'un système stérilisé sont essentielles pour éviter la contamination. Cette étape de l'étude se concentre sur l'un des résultats les plus remarquables de la recherche actuelle : l'application réussie de déchets d'hexane en tant qu'inducteur de l'activité laccase immobilisée concomitante. Cette approche innovante de la production de laccase pourrait conduire à une méthode prometteuse pour réduire les coûts de fonctionnement et améliorer la rentabilité des processus enzymatiques dans les usines de traitement des eaux usées, tant industrielles que domestiques

Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 40-Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınarİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

Students’ Attitudes towards Individual Musical Instrument Courses in Music Education Graduate Programs in Turkey

The Individual Musical Instrument course is a compulsory part of the curriculum, in the Music Education Departments of universities in Turkey. The main purpose of the course is to ensure that each student is able to play a musical instrument and, use the instrument once they become music teachers. This study aims to determine the attitudes of students enrolled in the Music Education Department towards the course within the program. Participants included 334 students studying Music Education at four different Universities in Turkey. The study adopted the “Attitudes towards Individual Musical Instrument Course Scale” (Topoğlu & Erden,2012). No statistically significant difference in students’ attitude towards the course was identified related to gender, the type of high schools they graduated and the total period of education they received. In contrast, a statistically significant difference in students’ attitudes was identified related to grade levels, the types of instruments they learned, and the time allocated each day for practice

Prevalence of ehrlichia canis and babesia canis infections in thrombocytopenic dogs

Bu çalışmada trombositopenili köpeklerde E. canis ve B. canis enfeksiyonlarının prevalansı, trombositopeninin derecesi ile bu iki hastalığın prevalansı arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi ve buna bağlı olarak trombositopeninin E. canis ve B. canis enfeksiyonlarının tanısındaki rolünün ortaya çıkarılması amaçlandı. . farklı ırk ve cinsiyetteki toplam 224 köpekten kan örnekleri toplandı. Kan örnekleri trombosit sayılarına göre (Trombosit sayısı 201.000 /µl'den yüksek olanlar, 101.000'200.000 /µl arasında olanlar ve 100.000 /µl'den küçük olanlar olmak üzere) 3 gruba ayrıldı. Kan örneklerine E. canis için İFAT serolojik tanı yöntemi ve B. canis için PCR moleküler tanı yöntemi uygulandı. Köpeklerden elde edilen sonuçlar SPSS paket programında x2 testi kullanılarak istatiksel açıdan değerlendirildi. Toplam 224 hayvanın 81 tanesi (%36,2) E. canis yönünden pozitif, 4 tanesi (%1,8) B. canis yönünden pozitif bulundu. Trombositopenik 143 köpeğin 69 tanesi (%48,3) E. canis yönünde pozitifken nontrombositopenik 81 köpeğin 12 tanesi (%14,8) pozitif olarak bulundu. Trombositopeninin derecesinin artması ile E. canis görülme sıklığı arasında istatistiksel önem bulunurken trombositopeninin derecesi ile B. canis enfeksiyonu arasındaki istatistiksel bir önem bulunamadı. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada trombositopeninin derecesinin artması ile E. canis enfeksiyonunun görülme sıklığının arttığı ve trombosit sayısının E. canis enfeksiyon için spesifik bir test olamayacağı, ileri diagnostik testlere geçiş amacıyla bir tarama testi olarak kullanılabileceği ortaya kondu.Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis and Babesia canis Infections in Thrombocytopenic Dogs In the present study the aim was to investigate the prevalance of Ehrlichia canis and Babesia canis infections in thrombocytopenic dogs, and to determine the relation among those aforementioned diseases, and diagnostic role of thrombocytopenia in the latter infections. Blood samples were collected from 224 dog of different ages and of both sexes. Samples were seperated to three groups according to their thrombocyte counts (thrombocyte counts higher than 201.000µ/L; thrombocyte counts between 101.000'200.000µ/L, thrombocyte counts below 101.000). In blood samples, E. canis was determined using IFAT and B. canis was detected using a molecular diagnostic method, PCR. Data gathered from the dogs were examined using SPSS software program using Chi-Square test Eighty one (36,2%) of 224 dogs were positive to E. canis and 4 (1,8%) were B. canis positive. Sixty nine of 143 trombocytopenic dogs (48,3%) and 12 of 81 non-trombocytopenic dogs (14,8%) were E. canis positive, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found among the degree of thrombocytopenia and E. canis prevalance, however there was insignificant importance between the severity of thrombocytopenia and B canis infection. In conclusion, it was suggested that as the degree of thrombocytopenia elevates the incidence of E. canis infection increases and thrombocyte counts could not be evaluated specifically for E canis infection, therefore could be used for sureveillance test for experiencing forward diagnostic applications. Increase in the degree of thrombocytopenia causes increase the conincide of E. canis infection and determination of the thrombocyte numbers could not be a specific test for the possible diagnosis of E canis infection but could be refered a transision for these tests