PERANAN ALICE PAUL DALAM MEMPEROLEH HAK SUARA BAGI WANITA DI AMERIKA SERIKAT (1910-1920)

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai peran seorang tokoh bernama Alice Paul dalam pergerakan suffrage atau pergerakan menuntut hak suara bagi wanita di Amerika Serikat. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini ialah mengenai bagaimana latar belakang dari tokoh tersebut sehingga ia menjadi seorang aktifis suffrage, hal-hal yang ia lakukan dalam pergerakannya, serta dampak dari pergerakannya terhadap kehidupan kaum wanita di negara tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode historis. Dalam metode historis terdapat langkah-langkah yang harus dilakukan, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan historiografi. Dalam mengkaji permasalahan penulis menggunakan pendekatan interdisipliner, dengan meminjam konsep-konsep dari ilmu sosiologi, politik dan psikologi. Sejak kemerdekaannya Amerika Serikat tidak memberikan hak suara bagi kaum wanita. Padahal Negara tersebut sangat menjunjung tinggi kebebasan dan hak individu warganya. Pergerakan suffrage di Amerika Serikat sebenarnya telah ada sejak pertengahan abad ke-19. Akan tetapi gerakan tersebut tidak mendapatkan hasil yang signifikan, hingga memasuki awal abad ke-20. Alice Paul mulai aktif dalam pergerakan suffrage pada tahun 1900-an. Metode pergerakannya dinilai sangat militan, karena itu ia seringkali mendapat kritikan dari masyarakat maupun dari sesama aktifis suffrage disana. Akan tetap metode pergerakannya telah memberikan kemenangan bagi gerakan suffrage di Negara tersebut. Kata kunci: Alice Paul, pergerakan Suffrage, Hak suara This research is about the role of who named Alice Paul in suffrage movement in the United State. The problem in this research is how the background of her life and her society until she become a suffragist, everything she did in her movement, and the impact of her movement for the women in United State. The method of this research is historical method. The steps of this method is include heuristic, critic, interpretation and historiography. To investigate the problem of this research the author used interdisciplinary approachment. She used a concepts of sociology, politic, and psychology. Since the independence day United State didn’t give woman right to vote, whereas they are really hold in the high esteem about the liberty and individual right of their citizen. That matter is attached in their declaration of independence. The suffrage movement had been existed in the United State since in the middle of 19th century, but the movement doesn’t have any significant result until early of 20th century. Alice Paul begin active in the suffrage movement is in early 20th century. The method of her movement is assessed very militant, so she often obtained critical from the people and the other suffragist. But her movement was gave the victory to the suffrage movement at the state. Key Word: Alice Paul, Suffrage Movement, Right to Vot

Lifelong learning of preschool teachers for work with children with disabilities

Cjeloživotno obrazovanje odgojitelja jest cjeloživotni proces. Prva razina je inicijalno obrazovanje kroz koje odgojitelj stječe osnovna znanja potrebna za rad u predškolskom odgoju. Temeljne kompetencije za rad u odgojno-obrazovnom kontekstu studenti stječu na trogodišnjim i petogodišnjim sveučilišnim preddiplomskim i diplomskim studijima. Daljnje obrazovanje odgojitelja predstavljaju različiti oblici stručnih usavršavanja, najčešće kroz stručne skupove. Kompetencije koje odgojitelj predškolske djece stječe tijekom cjeloživotnog obrazovanja su zapravo skup raznih znanja, sposobnosti, vještina i stavova kojima gradi svoju praksu. Kada se govori o kompetencijama odgojitelja, one su posebno važne u kontekstu inkluzivnog odgoja i obrazovanja. Naime, osim ključnih kompetencija, za rad s djecom s teškoćama u razvoju, potrebne su i specifične kompetencije. Skup specifičnih kompetencija odgojitelj stječe kroz stručne skupove namijenjene odgojiteljima za rad u takvom okruženju. Inkluzija je pedagoško povezivanje djece s teškoćama u razvoju s djecom bez teškoća, te podrazumijeva višu razinu uvažavanja djece s teškoćama u razvoju kako bi im se omogućilo ravnopravno sudjelovanje u odgojno-obrazovnom procesu. Odgojitelj je ključna figura za uspješnu inkluziju jer omogućuje osnovu za daljnje aktivno sudjelovanje djece s teškoćama u svojoj lokalnoj zajednici. Cilj ovoga rada jest utvrditi pojavnost programa cjeloživotnog učenja kojima bi se odgojitelje dodatno ojačalo za rad s djecom s teškoćama u razvoju. U tu svrhu se provela analiza sadržaja dostupnih programa cjeloživotnog obrazovanja pri Agenciji za odgoj i obrazovanje i učiteljskim fakultetima u Republici Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je pokazalo kako se se broj stručnih skupova namijenjenih odgojiteljima za rad s djecom s teškoćama u razvoju smanjuje, dok je potreba za njima je u porastu zahvaljujući strategijama i smjernicama za inkuzivni predškolski odgoj na razini Europske Unije i Republike Hrvatske.Lifelong learning of preschool teachers is a lifelong process. First level is the initial education through which the preschool teachers gains basic knowledge required for work in preschool education. Basic competences for work in the educational context are gained by three-year and five-year university undergraduate and graduate studies. Further education of preschool teachers are covered by the variety of professional trainings, mostly through profesional workshops and seminars. The competences that a preschool teachers gain during lifelong learning is a set of various knowledges, abilities, skills and attitudes, through which they build their practice. When it comes to the competencies of preschool teachers, they are particularly important in the context of inclusive education. Besides the key competencies for working with children with disabilities, specific competencies are also needed. A set of specific competencies preschool teachers gets through professional seminars intended for preschool teachers to work in such an environment. Inclusion is the pedagogical connection of disabled children with children without difficulties, and implies a higher level of respect for children with developmental difficulties and treats them as equally equal participants in the educational process in order to enable them to participate equally in the educational process. The preschool teacher is a key figure for successful inclusion because it provides the basis for further integration throughout life. The aim of this paper is to identify the phenomenon of lifelong learning programs, which would further encourage preschool teachers to work with children with disabilities. The research was carried out through an analysis of the available content of lifelong learning programs at the Education and Teacher Training Agency and in the faculties for teacher education in the Republic of Croatia. The research has shown that the number of professional seminars intended for preschool teachers working with children with disabilities is decreasing, while the need for them is increasing, thanks to strategies on inclusive education in European Union and Republic of Croatia

Diaries and Journals of Pioneer Women and Their Significance

Pioneer women who took the trails west and carved homes out of the wilderness often kept diaries or journals. In them, they recorded their everyday activities and their adventures. These diaries were often among the dearest possessions of the women who owned them. They are also some of the best primary sources that historians have and are used to reconstruct a picture of the lives of these women and their families. Furthermore, they hold great value for the ordinary Americans of today. This thesis will be examining how and why these diaries and journals hold such great significance

BEHAVIORAL FINANCE DALAM KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI SAHAM

Penelitian ini meneliti behavioral finance dalam keputusan investasi saham mahasiswa di kota Bandung yang difokuskan pada faktor bias perilaku yang terdiri dari Overconfidence, Representativeness, Herding, Anchoring, Regret Aversion, Cognitive Dissonance, Gambler’s Fallacy, Mental Accounting, dan Hindsight yang muncul dalam keputusan untuk membeli, menjual, atau menahan saham di pasar modal Indonesia. Subjek penelitian yang dipilih adalah mahasiswa dari lima perguruan tinggi di Bandung yaitu: Institut Teknologi Bandung, Universitas Padjadjaran, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, dan Universitas Widyatama. Subjek dikelompokan berdasarkan gender yaitu laki-laki dan perempuan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif verifikatif dengan metode survey dan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 114 orang, dengan analisis diskriminan sebagai teknik analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bias perilaku dicirikan dengan kuat oleh perilaku mental accounting sedangkan bias perilaku lainnya berada pada kriteria sedang. Terdapat perbedaan bias perilaku pada kelompok laki-laki maupun perempuan, dimana faktor bias perilaku overconfidence laki-laki lebih tinggi, sementara pada kelompok perempuan faktor perilaku herding dan hindsight lebih dominan

Does Anyone Else? The Lived Experience of Writing About Depersonalization on Reddit

As both The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 11th Revision (ICD-11) and The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5-Text Revision (DSM-5-TR) describe, depersonalization (DP) involves unpleasant episodes of detachment from one’s sense of self or of unreality in the environment. Symptoms include people feeling as though they are an outside observer of their thoughts, feelings, sensations, body, or actions. DP can take the form of emotional numbing, in which people may feel they are watching themselves from a distance or as though they are characters in a play. People can also feel physically numb, disconnected from parts of their own bodies to the degree that they feel as though they are observing the world from behind glass, as if through the lens of a camera, or within a dream (World Health Organization, 2019; American Psychiatric Association, 2022). DP is a form of dissociation and a common protective response to trauma. People experiencing DP symptoms report a wide spectrum of distortions and impairments to affective, cognitive, and physiological/perceptual functioning. A common experience is fear that what they are experiencing is a sign of irreversible brain damage, and a belief that DP symptoms indicate progression toward insanity is also common. When DP symptoms are misinterpreted either as indicative of severe mental illness or brain dysfunction, a vicious cycle of increasing anxiety and consequently increasing DP symptoms can result. This might lead to avoiding situations known to cause symptoms to escalate. On the clinician side, many without experience with DP might think patients’ descriptions are metaphorical, or they might misinterpret them as psychotic symptoms. Resulting misdiagnoses can lead to ineffectual treatment and prolonged distress. Trends suggest people are increasingly seeking mental health-related information online. Some research suggests others seek first-person perspectives. A prime place for sharing such experiences is Reddit, a social media platform. Through thematic analysis of posts, themes might emerge that might serve to inform mental health professionals about people’s lived experiences with DP symptoms and suggest new questions to ask about symptoms not yet well understood by many. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA (https://aura.antioch.edu) and OhioLINK ETD Center (https://etd.ohiolink.edu)

HUBUNGAN GAYA BELAJAR DENGAN KREATIVITAS SISWA MA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MATEMATIKA

This research is aimed at investigating the correlation between learning style and creativity of MA student’s in solving the story-based mathematical problems. This is the corelational research with quantitative approach. The subjects of the research are the ten ggraders at MA Azza Ainul Yaqin. The subjects are given the test to know the creativity in solving the story-based mathematical problems. The data collection methods are documentation, questionnaire, and test. All the data gained in this study was analyzed by using Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficient. The result of the research are r product = 0.562 and r table = 0.413 it’s mean that r product > r table so accepted Ha and reject Ho. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant corelatiaon between learning style and creativity of MA student’s in solving the story-based mathematical problems. The suggestion is that the teacher must care about learning style and creativity student’s in order to make the student get maximum score in the school.Key Words: learnig style, creativit

PENGARUH CAFE ATMOSPHERE DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN DI WIJSOEN COFFEE CONTAINER PONOROGO (Studi Konsumen di Wijsoen Coffee Container)

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan guna menjabarkan serta menganalisis pengaruh cafe atmosphere dan harga terhadap keputusan pembelian. Jenis penelitiannya yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel yakni purposive sampling, jumlah responden sebanyak 87 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data dikumpulkan secara wawancara, juga dengan penyebaran angket. Metode analisisnya menggunakan uji instrumen (uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas), uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, dan koefisien determinasi. Objek yang digunakan menjadi responden di dalam penelitian ini ialah konsumen yang sedang mengunjungi kafe Wijsoen Coffee Container. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya variabel cafe atmosphere (X1) berpengaruh negatif terhadap keputusan pembelian, variabel harga (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Serta variabel promosi (X1), dan harga X2) berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y).Kata Kunci: cafe atmosphere, harga, keputusan pembelia

De treballadors a soldats: treball forçat i reclutament a la Guinea Espanyola i a la Nigèria oriental, 1930-1970

Este artículo conecta dos formas de coacción que raras veces son analizadas de forma conjunto en los estudios sociales y de la guerra. Se trata de la experiencia de la mano de obra forzosa emigrante y la experiencia de ser soldado. Los nigerianos orienta les, y especialmente los del grupo étnico igbo, fueron sometidos a estas dos formas de coerción en los años 60, que para los muchos hombres que las experimentaron quedaron relacionadas entre sí. El reclutamiento para labores agrícolas en la isla de Fernando Po, en la Guinea española, desde los años 30 o los 60 y el reclutamiento en el ejército de la República secesionista de Biafra durante la Guerra Civil nigeriana (l 967- 1970) fueron fenómenos contemporáneos entre sí, siguiendo en ambos cosos patrones muy sim lares de violencia y arbitrariedad. Analizar ambos episodios de lo historio de la Nigeria oriental en un solo marco interpretativo sugiere que, para aquéllos implicados, la línea entre el servicio militar y el trabajo forzoso fue tenue.Aquest article connecta dues formes de coacció que poques vegades són analitzades de forma conjunta en els estudis socials i de la guerra. Es tracta de la experiència de la mà d’obra forçosa emigrant i l’experiència de ser soldat. Els nigerians orientals, i especialment els del grup ètnic igbo, van ser sotmesos a les dues formes de coerció durant els anys 60, que van quedar relacionades entre sí en el cas de molts homes que van experimentar-les. El reclutament per a treballs agrícoles a la illa de Fernando Po, part de la Guinea espanyola, des dels anys 30 als 60 i el reclutament dins de l’exèrcit de la República secessionista de Biafra durant la Guerra Civil nigeriana (1967-1970) van ser fets contemporanis entre sí, seguint en els dos casos patrons molt semblants de violència i arbitrarietat. Analitzar ambdós episodis de la història de Nigèria oriental en un sol marc interpretatiu suggereix que, per aquells implicats, la línia entre el servei militar i el treball forçat va ser molt borrosa

Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Arsip Surat (SIPAS 8) Dalam Temu Balik Arsip Aktif Persuratan Di SMK Negeri 8 Semarang

SMK Negeri 8 Semarang merupakan salah satu instansi pendidikan yang secara manual masih menggunakan buku agenda dalam pengelolaan arsip aktif suratnya sehingga memakan waktu lama dalam temu balik arsip. Oleh sebab itu dibuat sebuah Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Arsip Surat bernama SIPAS 8 untuk mempermudah temu balik arsip aktif persuratan di SMK Negeri 8 Semarang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan SIPAS 8 dalam temu balik arsip aktif surat di SMK Negeri 8 Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi literatur, observasi, wawancara, dan analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan SIPAS 8 telah membawa dampak positif bagi pengelolaan arsip aktif surat di SMK Negeri 8 Semarang.   Temu balik arsip aktif surat lebih mudah, cepat, dan tepat menggunakan program ini. Adanya SIPAS 8 juga meringankan pekerjaan pengelola arsip aktif surat dan para staff tata usaha lainnya di SMK Negeri 8 Semarang