Zadania samorządów gminnych województwa lubelskiego w zakresie ochrony zdrowia = The tasks of local governments Lublin province about Healthcare

Warchoł Martyna, Furtak-Niczyporuk Marzena. Zadania samorządów gminnych województwa lubelskiego w zakresie ochrony zdrowia = The tasks of local governments Lublin province about Healthcare. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(7):218-227. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.57348http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3688   The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2016;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 15.06.2016. Revised 09.07.2016. Accepted: 09.07.2016.   Zadania samorządów gminnych województwa lubelskiego w zakresie ochrony zdrowiaThe tasks of local governments Lublin province about Healthcare Martyna Warchoł1, Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk2 1absolwent Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie2Katedra i Zakład Zdrowia Publicznego, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie Adres do korespondencjidr n. med. Marzena Furtak-NiczyporukUniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie20 – 081 Lublinul. Chodźki 1  AbstraktWprowadzenie Gmina jest podstawową jednostką samorządu terytorialnego. Konstytucja RP określa gminę jako podstawową jednostkę samorządu terytorialnego. Dostęp do świadczeń opieki zdrowotnej gwarantuje obywatelom art. 68 ust 1  Konstytucji RP. W ust. 2 tegoż artykułu nakłada na władze publiczne obowiązek zapewnienia równego dostępu do opieki zdrowotnej finansowanych ze środków publicznych. Zgodnie z u. s. g. do zadań własnych gminy należy zaspokajanie potrzeb zbiorowych wspólnoty w sprawach ochrony zdrowia.Cel pracy Celem pracy jest przedstawienie działalności  samorządu gminy w zakresie ochrony zdrowia na terenie województwa lubelskiego.Materiał i metody W badaniu zastosowano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego. Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa złożony z 24 pytań. Grupę badaną stanowili urzędnicy 213 samorządów gminnych województwa lubelskiego, z czego 170 to gminy wiejskie, 23 to gminy miejsko – wiejskie, 20 to gminy miejskie. Badania odbywały się na zasadzie anonimowości. Ankiety zostały wysyłane do respondentów za pomocą Internetu.Wyniki i wnioski Z badań wynika, że jednostki samorządu terytorialnego podejmują bardzo okrojone działania w zakresie ochrony. Często nie wykonując obowiązkowych zadań do których zobowiązują ich normy prawne. Słowa kluczowe: gmina, ochrona zdrowia, zadania.  AbstractIntroduction The municipality is the basic unit of local government. The Constitution defines the municipality as the basic unit of local government. Access Health Care Services do guarantee citizens the art. 68 of the Constitution Paragraph 1. Paragraph. 2 of the same article imposes on the public authorities to ensure equal access to health care financed from public funds. According to the u. S. Sol. do commune's own tasks must satisfy the collective needs of the community in matters of Health.Aim The aim of the study is to present the activities of local Municipality in the field of Health in the province of Lublin.Material and Methods The study used a method of diagnostic survey. The research tool was a questionnaire Polls own authorship consisting of 24 questions. The study group comprised 213 officials of local governments of Lublin province, of which 170 Rural Municipalities, 23 Municipalities to urban - Rural, 20 Municipalities. Research conducted on the principle of anonymity. Surveys were sent to do the respondents using the Internet.The results and conclusions The research shows that local governments take very truncated activities Protection. Often without the mandatory tasks for which oblige them legal standards. Keywords: community, healthcare, tasks, local governments

Środowiskowe Centrum Zdrowia Psychicznego a zadania zdrowia publicznego = Community Mental Health Center in the context of public health care

Furtak-Niczyporuk Marzena, Filipek Mariusz. Środowiskowe Centrum Zdrowia Psychicznego a zadania zdrowia publicznego = Community Mental Health Center in the context of public health care. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(11):430-443. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.174604http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4018   The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2016;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 02.11.2016. Revised 22.11.2016. Accepted: 27.11.2016.   Środowiskowe Centrum Zdrowia Psychicznego a zadania zdrowia publicznegoCommunity Mental Health Center in the context of public health care Marzena Furtak-Niczyporuk, Mariusz Filipek *Katedra i Zakład Zdrowia PublicznegoUniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie    Adres do korespondencji:Katedra i Zakład Zdrowia PublicznegoUniwersytet Medyczny w LublinieLublin 20-093, ul. Chodźki 1   Dr n. med. Marzena Furtak–NiczyporukMecenas Mariusz Filipek*Katedra i Zakład Zdrowia PublicznegoUniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie                             StreszczenieWstęp. Wzrastająca liczba osób dotkniętych zaburzeniami psychicznymi, zarówno na świecie, jak i w kraju, karze zwrócić społeczną uwagę na upowszechnienie środowiskowej opieki psychiatrycznej. Powołanie Środowiskowego Centrum Zdrowia Psychicznego mogłoby dostarczyć wszystkich medycznych świadczeń psychiatrycznych w połączeniu z usługami pomocy społecznej na poziomie jednostki samorządu terytorialnego szczebla powiatu. Cel. Celem pracy była ocena i propozycja sposobu realizacji zadań zdrowia publicznego przez Środowiskowe Centra Zdrowia Psychicznego w Polsce. Zgodnie z założeniami Narodowego Programu Ochrony Zdrowia Psychicznego Centrum byłoby zlokalizowane na poziomie jednostki samorządu terytorialnego szczebla powiatu. Dlatego przeprowadzono badania jednostek samorządu terytorialnego, aby zobrazować obecnie podejmowane przez nich działania na rzecz promocji zdrowia psychicznego oraz wsparcia osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi, a które to samorządy będą wspierały Środowiskowe Centra Zdrowia Psychicznego.  Materiał i metoda. Badania pracowników powiatowych oraz gminnych jednostek samorządu terytorialnego z obszaru województwa lubelskiego w zakresie postępowania z osobami chorymi psychicznie oraz rozwoju środowiskowej opieki psychiatrycznej dokonano na podstawie kwestionariusza ankiety składającego się z 29 pytań.  Druga część badań aktów prawnych pozwoliła na przygotowanie rekomendacji efektywnego realizowania zadań zdrowia publicznego w Środowiskowych Centrach Zdrowia Psychicznego.   Wyniki. Pomoc oferowana osobom dotkniętym zaburzeniami psychicznymi przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego w większości sprowadza się do wypłacania zasiłków – 71% badanych. Blisko połowa badanych nie posiada wiedzy o sposobach zapobiegania zaburzeniem psychicznych – 47% badanych. Aż 80% badanych nie zna programu zdrowia psychicznego dla jednostki w której pracuje, co oznacza brak takich programów, choć są dla samorządów obowiązkowe, bądź też ich istnienie wyłącznie na papierze. Realizacja zadań zdrowia publicznego wymaga ich uszczegółowienia w obszarze monitorowania stanu zdrowia społeczeństwa, edukacji na różnych poziomach oraz współpracy międzysektorowej. Wnioski. Potrzeba wprowadzenia sprawnych i skutecznych działań, które przyczynią się do upowszechnienia środowiskowej opieki psychiatrycznej. Niewątpliwie potrzeba określenia precyzyjnych zadań i źródeł ich finansowania do efektywnych działań pomocy osobom dotkniętym zaburzeniami psychicznymi w ich środowisku lokalnym. Tu właśnie dużą rolę pełnią jednostki samorządu terytorialnego poprzez działalność podległych sobie gminnych/miejskich/powiatowych ośrodków pomocy społecznej i innych jednostek organizacyjnych wykonujących zadania ochrony zdrowia psychicznego. Z pewnością realizacja zadań z zakresu zdrowia publicznego, za którą także odpowiadają  jednostki samorządu terytorialnego wymaga ich uszczegółowienia. Zaproponowane rozwiązania realizacji zadań publicznych dają szansę na ograniczenie lub wyeliminowanie wieli chorób, w tym zaburzeń psychicznych. Szczególnie realizacja zadań zdrowie publicznego przez Środowiskowe Centra Zdrowia Psychicznego przyczyni się do szybszego zdrowienia osób dotkniętych zaburzeniami psychicznymi, a też wyeliminowania ich marginalizacji i wykluczenia społecznego.Słowa kluczowe: jednostki samorządu terytorialnego, środowiskowa opieka psychiatryczna  AbstractIntroduction. An increasing number of people affected by mental disorders, both worldwide and countrywide, draws public attention to providing community mental health care. The establishment of the Community Mental Health Center could provide all psychiatric services and social assistance within the area of local government units. Object. The object of the study was to evaluate and suggest the most effective way of performing public health duties by Community Mental Health Centers in Poland. According to the National Mental Health Prevention Program the CMHC would be located within the powiats. Therefore, local government units were the object of the study in order to present actions undertaken towards the promotion of mental health and to support people affected by mental disorders, which units will be bound to support the  Community Mental Health Center. Materials and methods. The study of local government units employees, both gminas and powiats, within the area of Lublin Voivodeship, in terms of assistance provided to people affected by mental disorders and the development of community mental health care, was conducted by means of a questionnaire consisting of 29 questions. The second part of the study conducted in terms of the legislation allowed the preparation of recommendations for an effective performance of public health duties by the Community Mental Health Centers. Results. The majority of support provided to people affected by mental disorders offered by local government units comes in the form of the payment of benefits – 71% of respondents. Nearly half of the respondents have no knowledge of how to prevent mental disorder – 47% of respondents. As many as 80% of respondents do not have any knowledge about the mental health program dedicated to the unit they work in, which means the lack of such programs although local governments are in the need of it, or the existence thereof only on paper. Performance of public health duties requires its detailed description in terms of public health monitoring, the overall education and intersectoral cooperation. Conclusions. The need for both efficient and effective performance contributing to the promotion of community mental health care. Undoubtedly, the need to precisely determine the tasks and funding of the most effective actions for providing help to people affected by mental disorders in their local environment. Local government units are the main character of the aforementioned actions through the activity of subordinate communal/municipal/county social assistance centers and other units performing tasks onsidering mental health care. It is certain that the performance of tasks in terms of public health that local government units are responsible for, needs to be precisely determined. Solutions suggested herein provide an opportunity to reduce or even eliminate many diseases, including mental disorders. Especially the performance of public health care provided by the Community Mental Health Centers will contribute to the quicker recovery of people affected by mental health problems and also eliminate the marginalization and social exclusion of the aforementioned.  Key words: local government unit, community mental health service

The knowledge and the attitude of students from the selected Lublin’s universities towards the influenza vaccination

Among all of the infectious diseases, it is influenza that affects the most people. The high infectiousness is it’s characteristic, therefore people fall ill to it, regardless of age or gender. When it comes to the flu illness, the highest risk group are children and people over 65.The airways’ infection caused by the flu virus is a serious health issue all around the world, causing 3-5 millions of clinical infections and 250-500 thousands deaths per year

Reverse drug distribution chain : analysis of the phenomenon

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to consider the mechanism of the reverse drug distribution chain as a non-code provision, introducing a type of act prohibited by the provisions of article 126b of Pharmaceutical Law. The article aims to analyse this practice, changes in the legal system and its consequences from the perspective of the economic problem and of protection of the health and life of citizens.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The article focuses on the analysis of statistical data and the legal regulations in force in Poland governing the discussed phenomenon.FINDINGS: The conducted analysis of the reverse drug distribution chain phenomenon shows that there is still a lack of effective solutions to minimise the occurring illegal practice, however, given the serious consequences for society, prosecution of this proceeding is absolutely necessary.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: An analysis of the phenomenon of the reverse drug distribution chain, carried out in this article, makes it possible to draw conclusions as to whether the solutions and methods used to deal with the discussed procedure are purposeful and justified. In the assessment of the collected material, it can be concluded that although the current shape of specific solutions raises doubts, the introduction of changes to the legal system in the discussed scope is necessary and, over time, will allow for an effective solution to the problem.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The conducted analysis is an original scientific study presenting a detailed description of the phenomenon of the reverse drug distribution chain and methods for its eradication.peer-reviewe

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The main purpose of the paper is to discuss the definition of medical error. Moreover, the statistical analysis was aimed at demonstrating at what level is the legal knowledge of the professional group of doctors, in relation to the performed profession. The research group consisted of doctors of different specializations, of different ages, with diverse work experiences, performing their profession in the Lubelskie voivodeship. These were people working on the basis of contract of employment, civil law contracts or individual medical practice, employed in provincial hospitals, clinics, district hospitals, outpatient’s clinics, ambulances or medical centers. The author's questionnaire survey consisted of questions and answers for 298 doctors. Damage resulting from a widely understood medical error can be caused not only by the physician but by all medical staff or due to the organizational failure of the medical establishment. It must be stated with all conviction that the formulation of the concept of medical error is still ongoing and will evolve with the development of medicine as well as the law, which will strive to delineate the framework of its occurrence. The majority of doubts, which results from the obtained research, raises the issue of provision of medical help without the consent of the patient and the right to refuse treatment, but above all, what is quite surprising is the question of accepting gifts from pharmaceutical companies. The most frequently cited reasons influencing the lack of updating legal knowledge in the field of the performed profession were lack of time and a large number of duties, whereas the research group, in order to deepen their knowledge on that matter, most frequently used the Internet resources, industry articles, and on the third place was the training related to the subject matter of the medical law

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The high quality of the medical services, it’s constant improvement and custom approach to the patients needs stand as one of the most important issues of modern healthcare. The patient, being beneficiary, shapes the market of health services through expressing his opinions and expectations. The exclusion of their feedback during management might lead to the loss of reputation on the medical services market. The term “quality”, same as “health” is subjective. Defining quality will depend on experience, knowledge, demands, and expectations of the clients. The aim of the article is to survey the patients’ opinions and expectations towards the quality of healthcare services. The patients expect the constant improvement of that quality during ongoing changes to the healthcare system. They place it very high on their priorities' list. To them quality equals security and medical professionalism. The nature of providing medical services entails that higher quality demand are not possible to meet without overall improvement of how the patients are taken care of

The consequences of introducing IT systems for decision-making processes in healthcare institutions

Introduction:The measures currently being implemented in the field of healthcare systems are being directed towards minimising the costs incurred by healthcare institutions, while improving the quality of health services provided to patients. It seems essential to make use of various types of instruments supporting the process of making rational management decisions. IT systems constitute an effective tool, creating databases which are significant in supporting management functions in healthcare institutions. In particular, these tools, due to their automatic search and synthesis of information, play a major role in making rational management decisions in the shortest possible time.   Aim: The aim of the study was the diagnosis of management decision-making in the therapeutic entity, for possible implementation tools in the form of an information system, which could accelerate and support the rational process of making those decisions. In addition, work was to evaluate the role of management decisions and the implications of the information system on the process of rational decision-making in the management entity therapeutic. Material and Methods:The case study method allowed us to show the practical applications and benefits resulting from the application system to support rational decision-making management, in particular in terms of reducing costs and improving the organization of health services offered. The results and conclusions:Presented system generates a database to support rational decision-making process in the field of management, minimize their costs while improving the organization of health services. Ability to use various functions of the system allows for multi-segment analysis, thanks to the specially chosen and condensed information, both in the form of text and graphics over any time horizon. Benefits of the implications of the system is the speed and efficiency of the whole process of treatment, as well as the reduction of administrative tasks of medical staff, which increases the time for the patient

The Internet as a source of information on health and disease

The Internet has become a significant factor influencing the public health area. It contributes to higher awareness of the health problems in the society and to the greater self-reliance of the patients, it helps to carry out the health promotion campaigns and health education with more effectiveness. Having at our disposal an enormous reserves of specialized knowledge, we become more and more aware patients. One of the most frequent usages of the Internet in the context of one’s health is searching for the medical information – whether it is for the diagnosis, finding the proper form of treatment, looking into the opinion of given specialist, make an appointment with a doctor, collect the results of examinations and so on. The Internet has become one of the most important sources of medical information, and the information on health. However, it also poses a certain threats to the health. It may be used to propagate disadvantageous or even dangerous behaviours, to distribute the addictive or other harmful substances, to promote substances of alleged healthy effectiveness, and to spread untested methods of treatment that is contradictory with modern medical knowledge

Białowieża Primaeval Forest – a Conflict between the Polish Government and the European Commission

The article describes the natural background, the origin, the course and the outcome of the dispute between Poland and the European Commission which was going on in the years 2016–2018 regarding the forest management performed in the Białowieża Forest. The dispute took place on two interrelated levels: natural and legal. The main axis of the dispute between the Polish government and the European Commission was the difference of views as to what actions would prove effective in the fight against the latest gradation of the bark beetle, which occurred with exceptional intensity in the Białowieża Forest in 2015, and what actions would be most beneficial in the context of preserving rare species of birds and insects that make up the fauna of the Białowieża Forest. The article presents extensively the arguments raised by both parties to the conflict in the proceedings before the Court of Justice of the European Union, which were initiated by a complaint filed by the European Commission. As a commentary on these arguments, the views expressed in the scientific literature as to the proper reaction in response to a recurrent infestation of the bark beetle, usefulness and efficacy of the active forest management operations questioned by the European Commission, as well as an impact of these operations on the conservation of natural habitats, insects and birds are presented. The legal dimension of the dispute boiled down to the question of what actions in the situation were allowed, required or prohibited under Polish and EU law

Conditions for the transport of hazardous medical waste

Tekst złożony w październiku 2014 r.An inherent element of granting health care services, or conducting research and scientific studies is the accumulation of hazardous medical waste that can cause infections and infectious diseases in humans and create a danger to the environment. A particularly important step in the management of this waste is its safe transportation from the place of production to the place of disposal. The transportion of hazardous medical waste by road is essentially based on laws on the transportation of hazardous goods, but also to be considered are the provisions of the European Agreement concerning the carriage of hazardous goods by road, commonly known as ADR. Therefore, transportation of the waste is also associated with its proper packing in suitably labeled bags or containers, its carriage in suitable vehicles bearing the appropriated hazard warning symbols and its safe mobility on public roads.Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublini