56 research outputs found

    Orçamento participativo e política de assistência social no município de Porto Alegre : as associações de moradores entre a reinvidicação e a execução da política de assistência social

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    Trata da relação entre sociedade civil e Estado no interior das instituições participativas. Especificamente, analisa as possíveis transformações das associações de moradores que demandam assistência social no Orçamento Participativo de Porto Alegre, no período de 1989 a 2016. Busca-se contribuir para a compreensão de como uma configuração institucional (Orçamento Participativo) modela as interações e as estratégias políticas e estrutura as relações de poder entre grupos, influenciando os resultados no âmbito de um contexto histórico-institucional Nesta pesquisa, optou-se pela realização de um estudo de caso porque esta metodologia permite, através da utilização de diferentes procedimentos de coleta de dados, uma compreensão mais ampla acerca dos vários aspectos que se relacionam ao objeto da pesquisa. Quanto ao seu alcance, esta pesquisa pode ser classificada como descritiva e explicativa. Busca identificar os aspectos relacionados aos constrangimentos que o OP cria no que concerne à delimitação das demandas apresentadas no espaço da temática de assistência social (leis, normas e regras); bem como, as ações que os atores envolvidos realizam (tipo de demandas, tipos de convênios; trajetória das associações). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de pesquisa documental em leis e normas, em registros administrativos, banco de dados de pesquisa sobre o perfil dos participantes do OP e entrevistas. Por meio da análise do material coletado, observou-se que no OP estabelecem-se relações entre os atores sociais e o Estado que configuram diferentes maneiras de acesso a recursos, formas de mobilização e engajamento e atendimento dos interesses e necessidades desses atores e do próprio Estado na execução das políticas sociais. Essas configurações podem causar efeitos na própria organização dos atores sociais em busca do atendimento de seus interesses e reivindicações. Percebe-se uma possível perda no caráter contestatório ao longo dos anos e a intensificação do caráter cooperativo com o atendimento em assistência social as suas comunidades.This paper studies the relationship between civil society and state within the context of participatory institutions. In particular, it analyzes possible transformations in the neighborhood associations that demand social assistance in the Participative Budget of Porto Alegre from 1989 to 2016. The paper seeks to contribute to the understanding of how an institutional set-up (participatory budgeting) shapes interactions and political strategies, as well as structuring the power relationships between groups, and influencing the outcomes within a historical and institutional context. A case study approach is adopted in this research, since this methodology allows a broader understanding of different aspects related to the research topic by means of using different data collection procedures. With regard to its scope, this research can be classified as descriptive and explanatory. It uses descriptive analysis to identify the elements related to the constraints created by participatory budgeting (PB), as they relate to the delimitation of demands regarding the issue of social assistance (laws, regulations and rules), as well as the actions taken by the actors involved (types of demands, types of agreements, trajectory of associations). Data was collected through documentary research on laws and regulations, administrative records, research database on the PB participants' profiles, and interviews. Analysis of the collected data demonstrated that in the process of participatory budgeting, relationships are established between social actors and the state that result in arrangements leading to different ways of accessing resources, different forms of mobilization and engagement, and serving the interests and meeting the needs of these actors and the state itself in the implementation of social policies. These arrangements can have consequences on the organization of social actors seeking to serve their interests and demands. The research reveals a possible loss in the protest character of such institutions over the years, in addition to intensification of the work regarding social assistance to their communities

    Morphological patterns and malignancy criteria of transmissible venereal tumor in cytopathological and histopathological exams

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    The aim of this study was to identify morphological patterns and malignancy criteria of the TVT in cytopathological and histopathological evaluations and relate these characteristics to clinical evolution and response to chemotherapy. Regarding studied animals, sixteen dogs were female and four were male. The age of the animals ranged between one and ten years old. Considering breed, 80% of the dogs were mongrel dogs and 20% were of other breeds. It was found that the cytological samples allowed a better characterization of the cell type than histological ones. The plasmacytoid was the most common morphological type of TVT, followed by the lymphocytoid and mixed standards. There was no difference among the scores for the malignancy criteria and morphological types of TVT. Regarding response to chemotherapy, no morphological type of the TVT showed any difference, but the TVT presents morphological peculiarities that may interfere with tumor behavior, especially those related to increased aggressiveness and that are observed in the plasmacytoid TVT.Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar os padrões morfológicos e os critérios de malignidade do TVT aos exames citológico e histopatológico e relacionar essas características à evolução clínica e à resposta à quimioterapia. Dos animais estudados, dezesseis cães eram fêmeas e quatro machos. A idade dos animais variou entre um e dez anos de idade. Quanto à raça, 80% dos cães eram sem raça definida e 20% de outras raças. Constatou-se que as amostras citológicas permitiram melhor caracterização do tipo celular do que as histológicas. O TVT tipo plasmocitoide foi o de maior ocorrência, seguido pelos padrões linfocitoide e misto. Não houve diferença entre os escores estabelecidos para os critérios de malignidade e os tipos do TVT. Nenhum tipo morfológico do TVT diferiu quanto à resposta quimioterápica, mas o TVT apresenta particularidades morfológicas que podem interferir no comportamento tumoral, especialmente aquelas relacionadas à maior agressividade, e que são observadas no TVT plasmocitoide

    CONSTRUCCIÓN Y VALIDACIÓN DE UNA LISTA DE VERIFICACIÓN PARA EL QUIRÓFANO COMO DISPOSITIVO DE SEGURIDAD DEL PACIENTE

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    Objetivo: construir e validar checklist para organização de salas operatórias.Método: estudo metodológico, desenvolvido entre junho e dezembro de 2018, em um hospital privado no estado do Maranhão - Brasil. Composto pelas seguintes etapas: revisão da literatura para construção do checklist, elaboração do instrumento e validação do conteúdo. O conteúdo foi validado pela avaliação de 74 componentes da equipe cirúrgica. Utilizou-se teste de confiabilidade pelo coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach e grau de consistência interna ≥ 0,70.Resultados: elaborou-se um instrumento com três itens (funcionalidade dos equipamentos/acessórios fixos e móveis da sala operatória; cirurgia; anestesia) e 33 subitens. O alfa de Cronbach total foi de 0,956.Conclusão: o checklist apresenta alta confiabilidade, boa consistência interna e adequação à organização na montagem das salas operatórias. Contribui na gestão de incidentes, na assistência cirúrgica segura e em subsídios para novos estudos.Objetivo: construir y validar la lista de verificación para organización de quirófanos. Método: estudio metodológico, desarrollado entre junio y diciembre de 2018, en un hospital privado del estado de Maranhão - Brasil. Se compuso de los siguientes pasos: revisión de la literatura para la construcción de la lista de verificación, elaboración de un instrumento y validación del contenido. El contenido fue validado por la evaluación de 74 componentes del equipo quirúrgico. Se utilizó la prueba de fiabilidad mediante el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach y el grado de consistencia interna ≥ 0,70. Resultados: se elaboró un instrumento con tres ítems (funcionalidad de los equipamientos/accesoriosfijos y móviles en el quirófano; cirugía; anestesia) y 33 sub-ítems. El alfa de Cronbach total fue de 0,956. Conclusión: la lista de verificación presenta una alta fiabilidad, buena consistencia interna y adecuación a la organización en el montaje de los quirófanos. Contribuye a la gestión de incidentes, a la seguridad de la atención quirúrgica y a las subvenciones para nuevos estudios.Objective: To construct and validate a checklist for the organization of operating rooms.Method: Methodological study conducted from June to December 2018 in a private hospital in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. It consisted of the following steps: literature review for the construction of the checklist, elaboration of the instrument and content validation. Seventy-four (74) members of the surgical team made assessments to validate the content. Reliability test by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and degree of internal consistency ≥ 0.70 were used.Results: An instrument with three items (functionality of fixed and mobile equipment/accessories in the operating room; surgery; anesthesia) and 33 sub-items was developed. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.956.Conclusion: The checklist has high reliability, good internal consistency and is suitable to the organization of the preparation of operating rooms. It contributes to a better management of incidents, safe surgical care and support for new studies

    Effect of systemic administration of phytosterol on lacrimal quality of dogs

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    The tear lipid layer (oily outer layer) reduces evaporation and prevents tear overflow. In dogs, reductions in the lipid components of this layer (cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids) can cause eye serious diseases. In this way, the tear crystallization test analyzes the lacrimal quality, however, it is less used in veterinary. As phytosterol reduces blood cholesterol, the objective of this study was to investigate, through the tear crystallization test, whether the systemic administration of this drug influences the lacrimal quality of healthy dogs and, in addition, to verify differences in the interpretation of the ophthalmic test between different evaluators. Eight beagles, healthy, of both sexes, young and adults, without clinical ophthalmic signs apparent were selected. Basal lacrimal samples (D0) were collected from the right and left eye of all animals with glass capillary tube and arranged on a glass slide for scanning the images and subsequent microscopic analysis. Subsequently, all were medicated with the phytosterol (Collestra® 650 mg: 1 capsule, orally, every 12 hours, for 15 days). After seven (D7) and fifteen (D15) days of this systemic administration, the tear crystallization test in both eyes of all dogs was again performed for statistical comparison with the baseline results. The photographs of the slides were classified by four evaluators (AV1 and AV2 with professional experience in ophthalmology and AV3 and AV4 without previous professional experience in ophthalmology), following standards established by Rolando (1984). The results were statistically verified by analysis of simple variance (ANOVA One-Way). There was no statistical difference in the tear crystallization test between the established periods and in relation to the different ophthalmic test evaluators (p≤0.05). Although phytosterols reduce blood cholesterol levels, it was observed in the present study that these drugs when administered systemically did not interfere in the tear lipid layer and, consequently, in the lacrimal quality of healthy dogs, and may be prescribed as lipid-lowering agents for patients with ocular diseases, especially the lacrimal ones

    Carbamazepine inhibits angiotensin I-converting enzyme, linking it to the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy

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    We find that a common mutation that increases angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity occurs with higher frequency in male patients suffering from refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. However, in their brains, the activity of the enzyme is downregulated. As an explanation, we surprisingly find that carbamazepine, commonly used to treat epilepsy, is an inhibitor of the enzyme, thus providing a direct link between epilepsy and the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems. Translational Psychiatry (2012) 2, e93; doi:10.1038/tp.2012.21; published online 13 March 2012INNTConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biophys, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pathol, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Arts Sci & Humanities, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Sci & Technol, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilNove de Julho Univ UNINOVE, Dept Rehabil Sci, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biophys, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pathol, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Sci & Technol, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
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