Implementation of Conditional Phase Shift gate for Quantum Information Processing by NMR, using Transition-selective pulses

Experimental realization of quantum information processing in the field of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been well established. Implementation of conditional phase shift gate has been a significant step, which has lead to realization of important algorithms such as Grover's search algorithm and quantum Fourier transform. This gate has so far been implemented in NMR by using coupling evolution method. We demonstrate here the implementation of the conditional phase shift gate using transition selective pulses. As an application of the gate, we demonstrate Grover's search algorithm and quantum Fourier transform by simulations and experiments using transition selective pulses.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure

Age- and sex-specific physical fitness reference and association with body mass index in Hong Kong Chinese schoolchildren

There is lacking a population-based study on the fitness level of Hong Kong schoolchildren, and it seems that increasing childhood obesity prevalence has shifted the classification of healthy fitness, with ‘underfit’ as normal. This cross-sectional territory study aimed to develop an age- and sex-specific physical fitness reference using a representative sample of children aged 6–17 and to determine the associations with body mass index in schoolchildren. The study analyzed Hong Kong School Physical Fitness Award Scheme data covering grade 1 to grade 12 students’ physical fitness and anthropometric measurements from 2017 to 2018. This reference was established without the impact due to COVID-19. Four aspects of physical fitness tests were measured using a standardized protocol, including (i) upper limb muscle strength, (ii) one-minute sit-up, (iii) sit-and-reach, and (iv) endurance run tests. The generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape was used to construct the reference charts. A Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the mean differences in age, weight, and height, and a Pearson’s chi-square test was used to examine the distributions of sex groups. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the group differences in BMI status, followed by the Dunn test for pairwise comparisons. A 5% level of significance was regarded as statistically significant. Data of 119,693 students before the COVID-19 pandemic were included in the analysis. The association between physical fitness level and BMI status varied depending on the test used, and there were significant differences in fitness test scores among BMI groups. The mean test scores of the obese group were lower in most of the tests for both boys and girls, except for handgrip strength. The underweight group outperformed the obese group in push-ups, one-minute sit-ups, and endurance run tests, but not in handgrip strength. In conclusion, a sex- and age-specific physical fitness reference value for Hong Kong Chinese children aged 6 to 17 years old is established, and this study demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between BMI status and physical fitness. The reference will help to identify children with poor physical fitness to offer support and guidance on exercise training. It also serves as a baseline for assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Hong Kong students’ physical fitness

The Original Heart

I trust my passion to create my work as I follow my bliss to live my life. Silence keeps me company to give me peace and joy. Insanity is my place to release myself. Conscious and subconscious are both equal, yet our morals hide our souls. Time and the universe run fast while our feelings and emotions grow vast. How heavy can we take? How far can we go? Truth and false, right and wrong, good and evil are mutual and balanced, just like one is hiding, one is seeking. Hide and Seek was the game we played but we still play nowadays. If games are the essence of life, winning or losing does not mean an insight. With chances and spirits as our guides, we look for the original heart that’s near our sight

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Coping or curing?

Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore3810916-917AAMS

Reply from author: Is it time to revise the definition of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?

Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore392156-AAMS

A randomized controlled trial of a brain-computer interface based attention training program for ADHD

10.1371/journal.pone.0216225PLoS ONE145e021622