Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast: a case report

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast is a rare subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma. It's clinical characteristics include a high rate of lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion, and poor prognosis. A 70-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with a lesion on the right breast that had been first noted by ultrasound examination. Physical examination revealed no palpable mass. An excisional biopsy was done, and the diagnosis was invasive micropapillary carcinoma. The patient underwent a right modified radical mastectomy with axillary dissection. Histologically, the tumor was composed of pseudopapillary structures in clear spaces lined by delicate strands of fibrocollagenous stroma. The pseudopapillary structures were devoid of fibrovascular cores. Estrogen receptor and progestrone receptor were positive in the tumor cells, C-erb-B2 and WT1 were negative. Tumor cells showed membranous and cytoplasmic expression of Ca125. In this case, we described a rare subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma and discussed the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings

Malignant Myoepithelioma of the Palate: A Case Report with Review of the Clinicopathological Characteristics

A malignant myoepithelioma is one of the rarest salivary gland neoplasms which may either arise de novo or develop within a preexisting pleomorphic adenoma or benign myoepithelioma. The parotid gland is the most common primary site and the palate the most common intra-oral site of occurrence. Herein is present a case of a malignant myoepithelioma arising in the hard palate of a 79-year-old woman. The lesion had been examined by biopsy at another hospital, and diagnosed as a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent a wide local tumor resection. Examination of the resection specimen showed the characteristic histopathological and immunohistochemical features of a malignant myoepithelioma. Five months after the operation, the patient was well without evidence of recurrence or metastasis

Retrospective Analysis of Metastatic Bone Tumors

Aim: Bone tissue is the primary organ of hematopoiesis and osteogenesis in healthy individuals. Bone tissue is one of the most frequently metastasized organs. In addition, for all types of cancer, it is an indication that cancer has reached a level where it can no longer be cured and the patient's life expectancy is reduced. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the cases operated for bone metastasis. Material and Methods: A total of 67 patients who underwent a biopsy or operation due to bone tumors at Eskişehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty Hospital between January 2020 and January 2022 were included in this study. Results: Of the metastatic cases, 49 (73.1%) were male and 18 (26.9%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 61.7±19.8 (range, 9-88) years. The most frequently metastasized tumors were lung carcinoma and tumor of unknown primary in males, while lung and breast in females. Tumors most frequently metastasize to the spine region. There were 6 (9.0%) cases, 1 (1.5%) of which was mesenchymal, in which the primary origin couldn’t be detected in metastatic tumors. Conclusion: Bone pain is always a symptom that is suspicious for metastasis in a patient followed up with a diagnosis of cancer and requires further investigation. Treatment is more palliative after bone metastasis. There is a need for targeted studies to prevent metastasis. It should be kept in mind that the primary focus may not be detected in all clinical and imaging methods in a group of patients

Superimposed segmental manifestation of juvenile amyopathic dermatomyositis in a 9-year-old boy

Dermatomyositis is a well-known autoimmune disorder. On the other hand, juvenile amyopathic dermatomyositis (JADM) occurs rather rarely. Here, we report an unusual case in a 9-year-old Turkish boy showing a unilateral linear inflammatory skin lesion that was followed, after 16 months, by the appearance of bilateral disseminated features JADM

Role of Notch, IL-1 and leptin expression in colorectal cancer

An increasing number of studies have shown that angiogenesis has an important role in the progression of cancer. The growth of a new network of blood vessels is crucial for tumor growth and metastasis, which is promoted by several proangiogenic factors. Leptin, an essential adipokine that is secreted from fat tissue, is one of these pro-angiogenic factors. It has been shown that the inhibition of leptin-induced angiogenesis resulted in decreased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR2, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1 alpha, NF-kappa B, IL-1 and Notch and reduced the tumor growth in breast cancer. Leptin induces angiogenesis in breast cancer either by upregulating VEGFR2 in endothelial cells or by increasing VEGF/VEGFR2 expression through the Notch, IL-1 and leptin crosstalk outcome (NILCO) pathway. NILCO is a novel mechanism that interacts with proinflammatory and proangiogenic signals, which are critical for cell proliferation and angiogenesis in cancer. Several studies have shown that components of NILCO may affect human cancer incidence and progression. However, to the best of our knowledge, the interactions between Notch, IL-1 and leptin in human colorectal cancer have not been yet studied at the molecular level. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression levels of genes related to the NILCO pathway in human colorectal cancer specimens. The current results demonstrated that leptin, leptin receptor (ObR) b, Notch-1, Notch-4, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1R, IL-6, JAK-2, STAT-1, STAT-3, VEGFA, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, TNF-alpha and NF-kappa B mRNA expression levels in the cancer tissue were increased compared with the normal tissue. No significant changes in the mRNA expression levels of Jagged-1, HIF-1 alpha and TNF receptor 1 were observed. Western blotting revealed that the protein expression levels of I kappa B were increased in the cancer tissue compared with normal tissue, whereas HIF-1 alpha and phosphorylated STAT-1 levels were decreased. IL-6 and VEGFA plasma concentrations were statistically raised and the leptin plasma concentration was also raised, although significantly, patients with cancer compared with control individuals. Together, the present findings indicated that Notch, IL-1 and leptin may serve a crucial role in the development of colorectal cancer

Is there a relation between the changes in circulating lymphocyte counts due to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and intratumoral lymphocytic response and tumor regression grade in locally advanced rectal cancers?

There are controversies about the relation between the peripheral lymphocyte levels and response to neoadjuvant therapy. While some authors have reported that a positive correlation between peripheral lymphocyte levels and tumor response, others have suggested the opposite. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the possible relations between the changes in circulating lymphocyte counts due to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and intratumoral lymphocytic response (ILR) and tumor regression grade (TRG) in locally advanced rectal cancers. Lymphocyte levels before, during and after CRT as well as before surgery and pathologic findings including ILRs and TRGs were recorded. Lymphocyte levels before CRT were accepted as absolute values. After the changes in the lymphocyte levels during and after CRT and before the surgery were recorded as ratios to the absolute values, the relation between the changes in lymphocyte levels, ILR and TRG were studied by using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests. There was a positive correlation between changes in peripheral lymphocytic levels after neoadjuvant CRT and ILRs. However, there were no other correlations between changes in lymphocytic levels and TRGs and ILRs. The changes in the peripheral lymphocyte counts after CRT may be predictive for ILR. Further studies may provide more information about the relation between peripheral lymphocytes and TILs and tumor response to neoadjuvant CRT. [Med-Science 2017; 6(4.000): 640-642