A consensus linkage map for molecular markers and Quantitative Trait Loci associated with economically important traits in melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Background A number of molecular marker linkage maps have been developed for melon (Cucumis melo L.) over the last two decades. However, these maps were constructed using different marker sets, thus, making comparative analysis among maps difficult. In order to solve this problem, a consensus genetic map in melon was constructed using primarily highly transferable anchor markers that have broad potential use for mapping, synteny, and comparative quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis, increasing breeding effectiveness and efficiency via marker-assisted selection (MAS). Results Under the framework of the International Cucurbit Genomics Initiative (ICuGI, http://www.icugi.org webcite), an integrated genetic map has been constructed by merging data from eight independent mapping experiments using a genetically diverse array of parental lines. The consensus map spans 1150 cM across the 12 melon linkage groups and is composed of 1592 markers (640 SSRs, 330 SNPs, 252 AFLPs, 239 RFLPs, 89 RAPDs, 15 IMAs, 16 indels and 11 morphological traits) with a mean marker density of 0.72 cM/marker. One hundred and ninety-six of these markers (157 SSRs, 32 SNPs, 6 indels and 1 RAPD) were newly developed, mapped or provided by industry representatives as released markers, including 27 SNPs and 5 indels from genes involved in the organic acid metabolism and transport, and 58 EST-SSRs. Additionally, 85 of 822 SSR markers contributed by Syngenta Seeds were included in the integrated map. In addition, 370 QTL controlling 62 traits from 18 previously reported mapping experiments using genetically diverse parental genotypes were also integrated into the consensus map. Some QTL associated with economically important traits detected in separate studies mapped to similar genomic positions. For example, independently identified QTL controlling fruit shape were mapped on similar genomic positions, suggesting that such QTL are possibly responsible for the phenotypic variability observed for this trait in a broad array of melon germplasm. Conclusions Even though relatively unsaturated genetic maps in a diverse set of melon market types have been published, the integrated saturated map presented herein should be considered the initial reference map for melon. Most of the mapped markers contained in the reference map are polymorphic in diverse collection of germplasm, and thus are potentially transferrable to a broad array of genetic experimentation (e.g., integration of physical and genetic maps, colinearity analysis, map-based gene cloning, epistasis dissection, and marker-assisted selection).This work was supported in part by SNC Laboratoire ASL, Ruiter Seeds B.V., Enza Zaden B.V., Gautier Semences S.A., Nunhems B.V., Rijk Zwaan B.V., Sakata Seed Inc, Semillas Fito S. A., Seminis Vegetable Seeds Inc, Syngenta Seeds B. V., Takii and Company Ltd, Vilmorin & Cie S. A., and Zeraim Gedera Ltd (all of them as part of the support to the ICuGI); the grants AGL2009-12698-C02-02 from the Spanish "Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion" to AJM. NK lab was supported in part by Research Grant Award No. IS-4223-09C from BARD, the United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, and in part by Israel Science Foundation Grant No. 38606, De Ruiter Seeds, Enza Zaden, Keygene, Rijk Zwaan, Sakata Seed Corporation, Semillas Fito, Syngenta Seeds and Vilmorin Clause & Cie. AD was supported by a JAE-Doc contract from "Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas" (CSIC-Spain). MF was supported by a postdoctoral contract from CRAG. The research carried out at YX's laboratory was supported by Chinese funds (Grant No. 2008-Z42(3), 5100001, 2010AA101907).Díaz Bermúdez, A.; Fergany, M.; Formisano, G.; Ziarsolo, P.; Blanca Postigo, JM.; Fei, Z.; Staub, JE.... (2011). A consensus linkage map for molecular markers and Quantitative Trait Loci associated with economically important traits in melon. BMC Plant Biology. 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-11-111S1

Cucumis属における連鎖地図の作成と育種への利用

京都大学0048新制・論文博士博士(農学)乙第12467号論農博第2735号新制||農||983(附属図書館)学位論文||H22||N4456(農学部図書室)28077(主査)教授 谷坂 隆俊, 教授 米森 敬三, 教授 土井 元章学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDA

Identification of QTLs for resistance to powdery mildew and SSR markers diagnostic for powdery mildew resistance genes in melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii is an important foliar disease in melon. To find molecular markers for marker-assisted selection, we constructed a genetic linkage map of melon based on a population of 93 recombinant inbred lines derived from crosses between highly resistant AR 5 and susceptible ‘Earl’s Favourite (Harukei 3)’. The map spans 877 cM and consists of 167 markers, comprising 157 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), 7 sequence characterized amplified region/cleavage amplified polymorphic sequence markers and 3 phenotypic markers segregating into 20 linkage groups. Among them, 37 SSRs and 6 other markers were common to previous maps. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified two loci for resistance to powdery mildew. The effects of these QTLs varied depending on strain and plant stage. The percentage of phenotypic variance explained for resistance to the pxA strain was similar between QTLs (R 2 = 22–28%). For resistance to pxB strain, the QTL on linkage group (LG) XII was responsible for much more of the variance (41–46%) than that on LG IIA (12–13%). The QTL on LG IIA was located between two SSR markers. Using an independent population, we demonstrated the effectiveness of these markers. This is the first report of universal and effective markers linked to a gene for powdery mildew resistance in melon.This work was supported by Green Technology Project (grant DM-1607) from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan and by KAKENHI 19580043 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.Peer reviewe

Anchoring the consensus ICuGI genetic map to the melon (Cucumis melo L.) genome

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) genetic maps were compiled by the International Cucurbit Genomics Initiative (ICuGI) before the release of the melon genome. However, due to the use of different marker sets, the position of ICuGI markers in the genome remained unknown, complicating the integration of previous genetic mapping studies in the genome. We looked for the genome position of 870 simple sequence repeat and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from the ICuGI map, locating 836 of them in the melon pseudochromosomes v3.5.1, and integrating them with previously available SNPs to reach a total of 1850 markers mapped in the genome sequence. The number of markers per scaffold ranged from 1 to 105, with an average of 13, thus improving on the previous studies in melon. Twenty-three of the markers mapped on virtual chromosome "0'', twelve of them being included in the ICuGI map, which could assist in the anchoring of some unanchored contigs and scaffolds. Genetic and physical distance comparison showed a good collinearity between them, confirming the quality of the ICuGI map. A higher recombination rate was also usually found at the ends of the chromosomes, whereas a drastic reduction was observed in the putative pericentromeric regions. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) previously located in the ICuGI map were also anchored in the genome. This work offers the opportunity to supplement the genetic maps available up to now with the genomic resources resulting from the melon genome sequencing to facilitate comparative mapping in melon between past and new studies, and to overcome some of the current limitations in QTL gene identification.This work was funded in part by the project AGL2012-40130-C02-02 from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) to AJM.Díaz Bermúdez, A.; Forment Millet, JJ.; Argyris, JM.; Fukino, N.; Tzuri, G.; Harel-Beja, R.; Katzir, N.... (2015). Anchoring the consensus ICuGI genetic map to the melon (Cucumis melo L.) genome. Molecular Breeding. 35(10):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-015-0381-7S173510Argyris JM, Ruiz-Herrera A, Madriz-Masis P, Sanseverino W, Morata J, Pujol M, Ramos-Onsins SE, Garcia-Mas J (2015) Use of targeted SNP selection for an improved anchoring of the melon (Cucumis melo L.) scaffold genome assembly. BMC Genomics 16:4Burger Y, Sa’ar U, Paris HS, Lewinsohn E, Katzir N, Tadmor Y, Schaffer AA (2006) Genetic variability for valuable fruit quality traits in Cucumis melo. Isr J Plant Sci 54:233–242Cuevas HE, Staub JE, Simon PW, Zalapa JE, McCreight JD (2008) Mapping of genetic loci that regulate quantity of beta-carotene in fruit of US Western Shipping melon (Cucumis melo L.). Theor Appl Genet 117:1345–1359Danin-Poleg Y, Reis N, Tzuri G, Katzir N (2001) Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in Cucumis. Theor Appl Genet 102:61–72Diaz A, Fergany M, Formisano G, Ziarsolo P, Blanca J, Fei ZJ, Staub JE, Zalapa JE, Cuevas HE, Dace G, Oliver M, Boissot N, Dogimont C, Pitrat M, Hofstede R, van Koert P, Harel-Beja R, Tzuri G, Portnoy V, Cohen S, Schaffer A, Katzir N, Xu Y, Zhang HY, Fukino N, Matsumoto S, Garcia-Mas J, Monforte AJ (2011) A consensus linkage map for molecular markers and quantitative trait loci associated with economically important traits in melon (Cucumis melo L.). BMC Plant Biol 11:111Diaz A, Zarouri B, Fergany M, Eduardo I, Alvarez JM, Pico B, Monforte AJ (2014) Mapping and introgression of QTL involved in fruit shape transgressive segregation into ‘Piel de Sapo’ melon (Cucumis melo L.). PLoS One 9:e104188Eduardo I, Arus P, Monforte AJ, Obando J, Fernandez-Trujillo JP, Martinez JA, Alarcon AL, Alvarez JM, van der Knaap E (2007) Estimating the genetic architecture of fruit quality traits in melon using a genomic library of near isogenic lines. J Am Soc Hort Sci 132:80–89Fernandez-Silva I, Eduardo I, Blanca J, Esteras C, Pico B, Nuez F, Arus P, Garcia-Mas J, Monforte AJ (2008) Bin mapping of genomic and EST-derived SSRs in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Theor Appl Genet 118:139–150Fernandez-Trujillo JP, Picó P, Garcia-Mas J, Álvarez JM, Monforte AJ (2011) Breeding for fruit quality in melon. In: Jenks MA, Bebeli PJ (eds) Breeding for fruit quality. Wiley-Blackwell, West Sussex, pp 261–275Fukino N, Ohara T, Monforte AJ, Sugiyama M, Sakata Y, Kunihisa M, Matsumoto S (2008) Identification of QTLs for resistance to powdery mildew and SSR markers diagnostic for powdery mildew resistance genes in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Theor Appl Genet 118:165–175Garcia-Mas J, Benjak A, Sanseverino W, Bourgeois M, Mir G, Gonzalez VM, Henaff E, Camara F, Cozzuto L, Lowy E, Alioto T, Capella-Gutierrez S, Blanca J, Canizares J, Ziarsolo P, Gonzalez-Ibeas D, Rodriguez-Moreno L, Droege M, Du L, Alvarez-Tejado M, Lorente-Galdos B, Mele M, Yang LM, Weng YQ, Navarro A, Marques-Bonet T, Aranda MA, Nuez F, Pico B, Gabaldon T, Roma G, Guigo R, Casacuberta JM, Arus P, Puigdomenech P (2012) The genome of melon (Cucumis melo L.). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109:11872–11877Goff SA, Schnable JC, Feldmann KA (2014) The evolution of plant gene and genome sequencing. In: Paterson AH (ed) Genomes of herbaceous land plants. Academic Press, London, pp 47–90Gonzalo MJ, Oliver M, Garcia-Mas J, Monfort A, Dolcet-Sanjuan R, Katzir N, Arus P, Monforte AJ (2005) Simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers used in merging linkage maps of melon (Cucumis melo L.). Theor Appl Genet 110:802–811Guo S, Zhang J, Sun H, Salse J, Lucas WJ, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Mao L, Ren Y, Wang Z, Min J, Guo X, Murat F, Ham BK, Zhang Z, Gao S, Huang M, Xu Y, Zhong S, Bombarely A, Mueller LA, Zhao H, He H, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Huang S, Tan T, Pang E, Lin K, Hu Q, Kuang H, Ni P, Wang B, Liu J, Kou Q, Hou W, Zou X, Jiang J, Gong G, Klee K, Schoof H, Huang Y, Hu X, Dong S, Liang D, Wang J, Wu K, Xia Y, Zhao X, Zheng Z, Xing M, Liang X, Huang B, Lv T, Wang J, Yin Y, Yi H, Li R, Wu M, Levi A, Zhang X, Giovannoni JJ, Wang J, Li Y, Fei Z, Xu Y (2013) The draft genome of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and resequencing of 20 diverse accessions. 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A consensus linkage map for molecular markers and Quantitative Trait Loci associated with economically important traits in melon (Cucumis melo L.)

A number of molecular marker linkage maps have been developed for melon (Cucumis melo L.) over the last two decades. However, these maps were constructed using different marker sets, thus, making comparative analysis among maps difficult. In order to solve this problem, a consensus genetic map in melon was constructed using primarily highly transferable anchor markers that have broad potential use for mapping, synteny, and comparative quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis, increasing breeding effectiveness and efficiency via markerassisted selection (MAS). - Results: Under the framework of the International Cucurbit Genomics Initiative (ICuGI, http://www.icugi.org), an integrated genetic map has been constructed by merging data from eight independent mapping experiments using a genetically diverse array of parental lines. The consensus map spans 1150 cM across the 12 melon linkage groups and is composed of 1592 markers (640 SSRs, 330 SNPs, 252 AFLPs, 239 RFLPs, 89 RAPDs, 15 IMAs, 16 indels and 11 morphological traits) with a mean marker density of 0.72 cM/marker. One hundred and ninety-six of these markers (157 SSRs, 32 SNPs, 6 indels and 1 RAPD) were newly developed, mapped or provided by industry representatives as released markers, including 27 SNPs and 5 indels from genes involved in the organic acid metabolism and transport, and 58 EST-SSRs. Additionally, 85 of 822 SSR markers contributed by Syngenta Seeds were included in the integrated map. In addition, 370 QTL controlling 62 traits from 18 previously reported mapping experiments using genetically diverse parental genotypes were also integrated into the consensus map. Some QTL associated with economically important traits detected in separate studies mapped to similar genòmic positions. For example, independently identified QTL controlling fruit shape were mapped on similar genòmic positions, suggesting that such QTL are possibly responsible for the phenotypic variability observed for this trait in a broad array of melon germplasm. - Conclusions: Even though relatively unsaturated genetic maps in a diverse set of melon market types have been published, the integrated saturated map presented herein should be considered the initial reference map for melon. Most of the mapped markers contained in the reference map are polymorphic in diverse collection of germplasm, and thus are potentially transferrable to a broad array of genetic experimentation (e.g., integration of physical and genetic maps, colinearity analysis, map-based gene cloning, epistasis dissection, and marker-assisted selection)