Optimized hybrid YOLOu-Quasi-ProtoPNet for insulators classification

To ensure the electrical power supply, inspections are frequently performed in the power grid. Nowadays, several inspections are conducted considering the use of aerial images since the grids might be in places that are difficult to access. The classification of the insulators' conditions recorded in inspections through computer vision is challenging, as object identification methods can have low performance because they are typically pre-trained for a generalized task. Here, a hybrid method called YOLOu-Quasi-ProtoPNet is proposed for the detection and classification of failed insulators. This model is trained from scratch, using a personalized ultra-large version of YOLOv5 for insulator detection and the optimized Quasi-ProtoPNet model for classification. For the optimization of the Quasi-ProtoPNet structure, the backbones VGG-16, VGG-19, ResNet-34, ResNet-152, DenseNet-121, and DenseNet-161 are evaluated. The F1-score of 0.95165 was achieved using the proposed approach (based on DenseNet-161) which outperforms models of the same class such as the Semi-ProtoPNet, Ps-ProtoPNet, Gen-ProtoPNet, NP-ProtoPNet, and the standard ProtoPNet for the classification task

Non-Commutative Gauge Theories and the Cosmological Constant

We discuss the issue of the cosmological constant in non-commutative non-supersymmetric gauge theories. In particular, in orbifold field theories non-commutativity acts as a UV cut-off. We suggest that in these theories quantum corrections give rise to a vacuum energy \rho, that is controlled by the non-commutativity parameter \theta, \rho ~ 1/theta^2 (only a soft logarithmic dependence on the Planck scale survives). We demonstrate our claim in a two-loop computation in field theory and by certain higher loop examples. Based on general expressions from string theory, we suggest that the vacuum energy is controlled by non-commutativity to all orders in perturbation theory.Comment: 11 pages, RevTex. 4 eps figures. v2: Typos corrected. To appear in Phys.Rev.

Two-loop Yang-Mills diagrams from superstring amplitudes

Starting from the superstring amplitude describing interactions among D-branes with a constant world-volume field strength, we present a detailed analysis of how the open string degeneration limits reproduce the corresponding field theory Feynman diagrams. A key ingredient in the string construction is represented by the twisted (Prym) super differentials, as their periods encode the information about the background field. We provide an efficient method to calculate perturbatively the determinant of the twisted period matrix in terms of sets of super-moduli appropriate to the degeneration limits. Using this result we show that there is a precise one-to-one correspondence between the degeneration of different factors in the superstring amplitudes and one-particle irreducible Feynman diagrams capturing the gauge theory effective action at the two-loop level.Comment: 42 pages plus appendices, 10 figure

RESVERATROL INCLUSION COMPLEX WITH β-CYCLODEXTRIN (RCD): CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterise the resveratrol inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (RCD) and evaluate their toxicity in wistar rats.Methods: The RCD were prepared in ultra-turrax. For characterization of the RCD were used: Fourier transform infra-red Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction. The RCD and others 4 treatments were performed by the chronic oral administration in 35 rats during 60 ds. After the treatments they were euthanized and the serum blood were collected to analyzed some hemogram and biochemical parameters including aspartyl aminotransferase (AST); alanine aminotransferase (AST); phosphatase alkaline (ALP); total bilirubin (TB); direct bilirubin (DB); total protein (TP); total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, iron and phosphate using fully automated biochemistry analyzer.Results: The characterization results indicated a successful formation of the RCD. All hematological parameters analysed were within the normal values in all the groups. Furthermore, the hemogram and biochemical parameters were significantly (P>0.05) similar to the control group.Conclusion: The daily oral administration during 60 d of RCD are not harmful on blood parameters of Wistar rats. Thus, RCD can be used safely for treatment of some metabolic diseases

Coleção entomológica de trabalho do Laboratório de Ecologia e Biossegurança da Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia.

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Guanosine effect on cholesterol efflux and apolipoprotein E expression in astrocytes

The main source of cholesterol in the central nervous system (CNS) is represented by glial cells, mainly astrocytes, which also synthesise and secrete apolipoproteins, in particular apolipoprotein E (ApoE), the major apolipoprotein in the brain, thus generating cholesterol-rich high density lipoproteins (HDLs). This cholesterol trafficking, even though still poorly known, is considered to play a key role in different aspects of neuronal plasticity and in the stabilisation of synaptic transmission. Moreover, cell cholesterol depletion has recently been linked to a reduction in amyloid beta formation. Here we demonstrate that guanosine, which we previously reported to exert several neuroprotective effects, was able to increase cholesterol efflux from astrocytes and C6 rat glioma cells in the absence of exogenously added acceptors. In this effect the phosphoinositide 3 kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (PI3K/ERK1/2) pathway seems to play a pivotal role. Guanosine was also able to increase the expression of ApoE in astrocytes, whereas it did not modify the levels of ATP-binding cassette protein A1 (ABCA1), considered the main cholesterol transporter in the CNS. Given the emerging role of cholesterol balance in neuronal repair, these effects provide evidence for a role of guanosine as a potential pharmacological tool in the modulation of cholesterol homeostasis in the brain

Use of twitter data for waste minimisation in beef supply chain

Approximately one third of the food produced is discarded or lost, which accounts for 1.3 billion tons per annum. The waste is being generated throughout the supply chain viz. farmers, wholesalers/processors, logistics, retailers and consumers. The majority of waste occurs at the interface of retailers and consumers. Many global retailers are making efforts to extract intelligence from customer’s complaints left at retail store to backtrack their supply chain to mitigate the waste. However, majority of the customers don’t leave the complaints in the store because of various reasons like inconvenience, lack of time, distance, ignorance etc. In current digital world, consumers are active on social media and express their sentiments, thoughts, and opinions about a particular product freely. For example, on an average, 45,000 tweets are tweeted daily related to beef products to express their likes and dislikes. These tweets are large in volume, scattered and unstructured in nature. In this study, twitter data is utilised to develop waste minimization strategies by backtracking the supply chain. The execution process of proposed framework is demonstrated for beef supply chain. The proposed model is generic enough and can be applied to other domains as well

Growth and reproductive performance of 14- to 15-month-old Hereford heifers

ABSTRACT Aiming at breeding heifers with 14-15 months of age, 100 Hereford calves were subjected to different feeding systems. Heifers grazed on a natural pasture in early winter, fed or not a supplement (14% crude protein; 72% total digestible nutrients), were transferred to a ryegrass pasture for 73 days, and then returned to a natural pasture for 15 days until the beginning of the breeding season. During the last 15 days on ryegrass pasture and the 15 days of the return to the natural pasture, half of the heifers of the two previous systems were offered the supplement, thereby establishing four feeding treatments. Heifers supplemented during the second period, independently of supplementation during the first grazing period, presented higher average daily gain and greater backfat values than the non-supplemented heifers. The breeding season extended for 75 days. At the start of the breeding season (November 18), heifers supplemented during both periods presented higher body condition score and body weight. The highest percentage of puberty was determined in heifers supplemented in the early winter. Heifers supplemented during both periods presented the highest pregnancy rate. Pregnant heifers presented higher average daily gain when fed the supplement during the second period, as well as higher relative pelvic area, body weight, and body condition score at the start and end of the breeding season. To an expressive pregnancy in 14- to 15- month-old heifers, higher weaning weights and pasture allowance are required to get a better answer to supplements offered