The role of food and nutrition system approaches in tackling hidden hunger

One of the World`s greatest challenges is to secure sufficient and healthy food for all, and to do so in an environmentally sustainable manner. This review explores the interrelationships of food, health, and environment, and their role in addressing chronic micronutrient deficiencies, also known as "hidden hunger", affecting over two billion people worldwide. While the complexity and underlying determinants of undernutrition have been well-understood for decades, the scaling of food and nutrition system approaches that combine sustainable agriculture aimed at improved diet diversity and livelihoods have been limited in their development and implementation. However, an integrated system approach to reduce hidden hunger could potentially serve as a sustainable opportunity

Support Vector Machine for Multifrequency SAR Polarimetric Data Classification.

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Heavy Ions Irradiation Effects On Magnetization Of Tl2ba2cacu2o8 And Tlba2cacu2o7 Single Crystals

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Magnetization measurements were performed as a function of magnetic field and time in Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 and TlBa2CaCu2O7 single crystals to study the effects of high energy Xe ion irradiation. The effective pinning energies at 6 K and 40 K have been evaluated from magnetic relaxation measurements. The activation energies are hardly changed after irradiation. The study of magnetization hysteresis shows that an irradiation fluence of 2 × 1011 ions cm-2 enhanced hysteresis at 6 K in both crystals. But a fluence of 1012 ions cm-2 was detrimental for the 2212 sample which is the most sensitive to heavy ion irradiation damage in the Tl-cuprate family. The magnetic hysteresis at 70 K after irradiation is more drastically increased than at 6 K. This spectacular modification is interpreted by a recovery of the 3D character of the flux line lattice. © 1992.13427928507/57630-5; FAPESP; Simons Foundation; 2013/09850-7; FAPESP; Simons Foundation; DMR-1005751; NSF; Simons Foundation; PHYS-1066293; NSF; Simons Foundation; SF; Simons FoundationFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Umezawa, Crabtree, Liu, Weber, Kwok, Nunez, Moran, Claus, (1987) Phys. Rev. B, 36, p. 7151van Dover, Gyorgy, White, Schneemeyer, Felder, Wasczak, (1990) Appl. Phys. Lett., 56, p. 2681Civale, Warwick, McElfresh, Worthington, Malozemoff, Holzberg, Thompson, Kirk, (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett., 65, p. 1164Kritscha, Sauerzopf, Weber, Crabtree, Chang, Jiang, Flux Pinning Enhancement and Shift of the Irreversibility Line by Fast Neutron Irradiation of Single Crystal Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (1990) Europhysics Letters (EPL), 12, p. 179Vichery, Rullier-Albenque, Pascard, Konczylowski, Kormann, Favrot, Collin, (1989) Physica C, 159, p. 697Bourgault, Bouffard, Toulemonde, Groult, Provost, Studer, Nguyen, Raveau, (1989) Phys. Rev. B, 39, p. 6549Bourgault, Hervieu, Bouffard, Groult, Raveau, (1989) Nucl. Instrum. Methods B, 42, p. 61Hardy, Groult, Hervieu, Provost, Raveau, Bouffard, (1991) Nucl. Instrum. Methods B, 54, p. 472Venturini, Barbour, Ginley, Baughman, Morosin, (1990) Appl. Phys. Lett., 56, p. 2456Osborn, (1945) Phys. Rev., 67, p. 351Yeshurun, Malozemoff, Holtzberg, Dinger, (1988) Phys. Rev. B, 38, p. 11828Campbell, Fruchter, Cabanel, (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett., 64, p. 1561Xu, Suenaga, Moodenbaugh, Welch, (1989) Phys. Rev. B, 40, p. 10882Stollman, Dam, Emmen, Pankert, (1989) Physica C, 161, p. 444Beasley, Labush, Welb, (1969) Phys. Rev., 181, p. 682Martin, Maignan, Provost, Michel, Hervieu, Tournier, Raveau, (1990) Physica C, 168, p. 8Hardy, Groult, Provost, Hervieu, Raveau, Bouffard, (1991) Physica C, 178, p. 255Raveau, Hervieu, Michel, Provost, (1989) Mater. Sci. Eng., 109 A, p. 281Hardy, Hervieu, Groult, Provost, (1991) Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, , in the pressKopylev, Schegolev, Togonidze, Magnetization curves and low critical fields of Tl2Ba2CaCu2Ox single crystals (1989) Physica C: Superconductivity, 162-164, p. 1143Kopylev, Koshelev, Schegolev, Togonidze, The role of surface effects in magnetization of high-Tc superconductors (1990) Physica C: Superconductivity, 170, p. 291Kes, Aarts, van den Berg, van der Beek, Mydoch, (1989) Supercond. Sci. Technol., 1, p. 242Palstra, Batlogg, Scheemeyer, Wasczak, (1991) Phys. Rev. B, 43, p. 3756de Rango, Giordanengo, Tournier, Sulpice, Chaussy, Deutscher, Genicon, Raveau, The « irreversibility line » of Bi2-xPbxSr2Ca2Cu3O10 : a possible breakdown of an intrinsic proximity effect (1989) Journal de Physique, 50, p. 2857Raveau, Michel, Provost, Hervieu, The nature and the role of rock salt-type layers in superconductive layered copper oxides (1990) Solid State Ionics, 40-41, p. 785. , 1st ednV.Z. Kresin, S.A. Wolf and G. Deutscher, PreprintV. Hardy, J. Provost, D. Groult, M. Hervieu, B. Raveau, S. Durcok, E. Pollert, J.-C. Frison, J.-P. Chaminade and M. Pouchard, Physica C, accepted for publicationKonczykowski, Rullier-Albenque, Yacoby, Shaulov, Yeshurun, Lejay, (1991) Phys. Rev. B, 44, p. 7167Civale, Marwick, Worthington, Kirk, Thompson, Krusin-Elbaum, Sun, Holtzberg, (1991) Phys. Rev. Lett., 67, p. 64

The “irreversibility line” of a Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 single crystal: Evidence for a phase transition

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Longitudinal trends in exercise capacity and health status after pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD

AbstractPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programmes produce initial improvements in exercise tolerance and health status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there is limited data on the longer term effects of PR. This study has examined whether the initial benefits gained in exercise tolerance and health status may be maintained after a 1-year follow-up programme. Sixty-six patients with COPD were assessed with the MRC Dyspnoea Scale and found to be moderately disabled due to dyspnoea (MRC Grades 3 and 4). These patients were then randomised to an 8 week outpatient programme of either exercise training and education (Exercise group) or to education alone (Control group). Exercise performance was assessed with the shuttle walking test and health status assessed with two disease-specific measures, the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire and the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire. After PR, all patients were invited to attend monthly follow-up sessions for 1 year. Fifty-six patients were available for follow-up immediately after the programme and were assessed at 6 months and 1 year.This study has shown that the patients in the Exercise group maintained improvements in exercise capacity and health status up to 6 months after an 8 week programme. At 1 year there was a significant difference between the Exercise and Control groups in terms of exercise tolerance due to a considerable decline experienced by the Control group. However, neither group had maintained improvements in health status at 1 year. Further study is required to assess whether benefit may be sustained for a longer period using alternative follow-up strategies