Removal of heavy metals from electroplating wastewater using rice husk and coconut coir

Heavy metal toxicity due to industrial wastewater has been a threat to the environment for the past many decades, especially in the developing countries such as India, China and Thailand where cost effectiveness of the removal process is a major factor. In this research, the effectiveness of two natural adsorbents, rice husk (RH) and coconut coir (CC), which are cheaply available in these countries for the removal of heavy metals from electroplating wastewaters were studied --Abstract, page iii

New Engineering Approaches to Arrhythmias and Myocardial Infarction

In this thesis, we present new engineering approaches to several important cardiac diseases. Chapter 1 considers the dynamics of arrhythmias. The most dangerous arrhythmias are reentrant arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. During these arrhythmias, there are one or several rotating excitation waves present in the heart. Because of their shape, these waves are called scroll waves; their center of rotation is a one-dimensional curve called the filament. Filaments largely constrain the configuration of a scroll wave but are much simpler, so much effort has gone into describing scroll wave dynamics in terms of the dynamics of their filaments. In particular, the “geodesic principle” for filaments, which says that stable filaments are geodesics in a metric derived from the diffusivity, has been proposed and established for certain restrictive conditions. In this project, we show that the geodesic principle applies much more broadly, including for very large filament curvatures. We also discuss under which conditions the geodesic principle fails, particularly the case that the filament gets close to very heterogeneous substrate. Chapters 2-4 introduce a new approach to cardiac defibrillation. The only existing effective treatment to ventricular fibrillation is to deliver high-energy electric shocks to the heart using a defibrillator to terminate fibrillation and restore organized rhythm. Defibrillators currently available are effective in treating ventricular fibrillation, however, because of the large amount of energy deposited during the treatment can cause damaging effects to the tissue. In this project, we present results of a new technology using nanosecond pulsed electric fields to defibrillate the heart, while depositing only a fraction of energy needed by conventional defibrillators. In the final part of this thesis, Chapters 5-7, we present results of an injectable therapeutic agent to regenerate the myocardium (heart muscle) affected by infarction. Myocardial infarction is a serious coronary artery disease that occurs when a coronary artery is so severely blocked that there is a dramatic reduction or complete disruption of blood supply, causing damage or death to the territory of the myocardium that was supplied by the blocked coronary vessel. Our results show how the injection of the therapeutic agent helps in preserving the electrical activity in the affected area, and also reduces pathological effects on the ejection fraction and heart rate. In summary, we contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of reentrant arrhythmias, develop new technology for ventricular defibrillation, and test a therapeutic agent for myocardial infarction

Pengaruh Tingkat Disclosure Terhadap Biaya Ekuitas

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of disclodure level to cost of equity and the significancy of the influence to companies with bluechips and nonbluechips stock. Thirty listed companies in Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSX) selected based on certain criteria were used as research sample. Data are collected from documentation of financial statements and are analyzed by using statistical tool i.e. multiple regression. This research indicate that there is significant influence of disclosure level to cost of equity. However, this research cannot prove that there is a significant different of the influence of disclosure level to cost of equity to the companies with bluechips and nonbluechips stocks

Implementation of the Circumstantial Evidence in the Evidence Mechanism Process on Cartel Cases in Indonesia

Proving a cartel as one of the agreements prohibited in Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning the prohibition of monopolistic practices and unfair business competition is not easy. Therefore, KPPU often uses indirect evidence as evidence in giving its decision, but this indirect evidence is not yet known in the legal system in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the use of indirect evidence in the process of proving cartel cases in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the use of indirect evidence in the process of proving cartel cases in Indonesia has not been effective because it collides with the procedural law system in Indonesia, which has not accommodated indirect evidence so that many KPPU decisions have been cancelled both at the level of objection and cassation. Keywords: evidence indirect evidence, business competitio

Relación entre la Clase Esqueletal y el Diámetro Faringeo en Pacientes que Acudieron al Centro de Diagnóstico Odontológico Oral RX –Arequipa, 2016.

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo fundamental relacionar la clase esqueletal y el diámetro faríngeo superior e inferior, medidas obtenidas de las distancias ENP-So y ENP-ad2, en los pacientes que acudieron al “Centro de diagnóstico odontológico Oral Rx”, Arequipa. Debido a que esta investigación se realizó en radiografías obtenidas entre los años 2015-2016, se tipificó como documental, transversal, retrospectiva y de nivel relacional. Se analizaron 96 radiografías digitales, obtenidas del banco de radiografías del “Centro de diagnóstico odontológico Oral Rx” en la ciudad de Arequipa, distribuidas equitativamente para las tres clases esqueletales. De acuerdo al análisis y procesamiento de los datos, los resultados obtenidos muestran que, el diámetro faríngeo superior e inferior en pacientes con clase I esqueletal, que acudieron al Centro de diagnóstico odontológico Oral Rx, ha sido predominantemente normal, en pacientes con clase II esqueletal ha sido mayormente normal, y en pacientes con clase III esqueletal en su mayoría ha predominado el disminuido y normal respectivamente. Según la prueba estadística, no existe relación estadística significativa entre la clase esqueletal y el diámetro faríngeo superior (p = 0.190), pero si existe relación estadística significativa con el diámetro inferior (p = 0.031), siendo la fuerza de la relación débil según el coeficiente de contingencia (0.315) Palabras claves: Clase esqueletal - Diámetro Faríngeo

Nanosecond Pulsed Platelet-Rich Plasma (nsPRP) Improves Mechanical and Electrial Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Reperfusion Injury

Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) of the heart is associated with biochemical and ionic changes that result in cardiac contractile and electrical dysfunction. In rabbits, platelet-rich plasma activated using nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPRP) has been shown to improve left ventricular pumping. Here, we demonstrate that nsPRP causes a similar improvement in mouse left ventricular function. We also show that nsPRP injection recovers electrical activity even before reperfusion begins. To uncover the mechanism of nsPRP action, we studied whether the enhanced left ventricular function in nsPRP rabbit and mouse hearts was associated with increased expression of heat-shock proteins and altered mitochondrial function under conditions of oxidative stress. Mouse hearts underwent 30 min of global ischemia and 1 h of reperfusion in situ. Rabbit hearts underwent 30 min of ischemia in vivo and were reperfused for 14 days. Hearts treated with nsPRP expressed significantly higher levels of Hsp27 and Hsp70 compared to hearts treated with vehicle. Also, pretreatment of cultured H9c2 cells with nsPRP significantly enhanced the spare respiratory capacity (SRC) also referred to as respiratory reserve capacity and ATP production in response to the uncoupler FCCP. These results suggest a cardioprotective effect of nsPRP on the ischemic heart during reperfusion

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK PADA PEGAWAI PT. BANK NEGARA INDONESIA (BNI) CABANG MANADO TAHUN 2015

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK PADA PEGAWAI PT. BANK NEGARA INDONESIA (BNI) CABANG MANADO TAHUN 2015 Frency Analin Moray1),Joy A.M. Rattu1),Johan Josephus1) 1) Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado   ABSTRACT In times of modern era and technology progress make eas for all activitiesso that we make less movement. In lifestyle just always sit contimuously, in work and less movement and also because there are risk factor can cause the disease is not contagious. This research is analytical researching with cross sectional study design,the number of samples in this research for all employee in BNI Manado Branch is 40 people. Data collection is doing by interview with questionnaires. Statistic test is using for analyze the relationship between variables is use chi square test. The result was had to show that benefit to do physical activities in both categories 50% and unfavorable categories 50%. Accessibility to do physical activities in the both categories 57,5% an unfavorable categories 42,5% and social interaction to do physical activities in both categories 65% and unfavorable categories 35% and regularity in physical activities is 55% and less regulary is 45%. Then, the result of data analyze show that there is no meaningful between accessibility and social interaction with physical activities (p>0,05), the probability of valve result between benefit with physical activities in the amount of 0,001 (p 0,05). Hasil nilai probabilitas antara manfaat dengan aktivitas fisik sebesar 0,001 (ρ < 0,05). Kata Kunci: Manfaat, Aksesbilitas, Interaksi Sosial, Aktivitas Fisik

Monopolar Gene Electrotransfer Enhances Plasmid DNA Delivery to Skin

A novel monopolar electroporation system and methodologies were developed for in vivo electroporation intended for potential clinical applications such as gene therapy. We hypothesized that an asymmetric anode/cathode electrode applicator geometry could produce favorable electric fields for electroporation, without the typical drawback associated with traditional needle and parallel plate geometries. Three monopolar electrode applicator prototypes were built and tested for gene delivery of reporter genes to the skin in a guinea pig model. Gene expression was evaluated in terms of kinetics over time and expression distribution within the treatment site. Different pulsing parameters, including pulse amplitude, pulse duration, and pulse number were evaluated. Monopolar gene electrotransfer significantly enhanced gene expression compared to controls over the course of 21 days. Gene expression distribution was observed throughout the full thickness of the epidermis, as well as notable expression in the deeper layers of the skin, including the dermis, and the underlying striated muscle without any damage at the treatment site, which is a substantial improvement over previously reported expression confined to the epidermis only. Expression distribution observed is consistent with the electric field distribution model, indicating that our novel electrode geometry results in targeted electroporation and gene transfer. This is important, as it may facilitate translation of many electroporation-based clinical therapies including gene therapies, IRE, and ECT

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN GLISEROL DENGAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI TERHADAP KUALITAS JENANG DODOL SELAMA PENYIMPANAN

Jenang dodol merupakan salah satu makanan tradisional yang termasuk dalam makanan semi basah yang mempunyai sifat padat dan elastis. Sebagai makanan semi basah jenang dodol memiliki kandungan air sebesar 20%-50% dan memiliki aktivitas air sebesar 0,7-0,9. Karakteristik jenang dodol yang rentan terhadap kerusakan membuat umur simpannya tidak terlalu lama. Untuk mengendalikan kerusakan pada jenang dodol diperlukan cara untuk menghambat terjadinya reaksi yang tidak dikehendaki. Cara tersebut adalah dengan penggunaan humektan yang bertujuan untuk menurunkan nilai aktivitas air. Humektan yang digunakan adalah gliserol dari golongan poliol. Gliserol memiliki rumus kimia C3H5(OH)3 sering juga disebut sebagai gliserin, merupakan gula alkohol, dan memiliki rasa manis serta memiliki tingkat toksisitas yang rendah. Gliserol memiliki titik leleh sebesar 180C dan densitas 1.261 g/cm3. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan berbagai konsentrasi gliserol terhadap sifat sensoris, sifat kimia, fisik, dan biologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu variasi konsentrasi gliserol pada jenang dodol. Konsentrasi gliserol pada jenang dodol yang digunakan sebesar 0%, 2%, 4%, dan 6%. Pengamatan jenang dodol secara fisik, kimia dan biologis dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 untuk mengetahui kualitas jenang dodol. Sedangkan pada hari ke-0 dilakukan uji organoleptik. Parameter yang dianalisa adalah kadar air, aktivitas air, angka asam thiobarbiturat (TBA), tekstur, total kapang, dan uji organoleptik (aroma, tekstur, kenampakan, rasa dan keseluruhan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada uji sensoris, panelis dapat menerima jenang dodol yang ditambah gliserol pada konsentrasi 2 %, 4 %, dan 6 %. Kadar air dan aktivitas air (aw) memiliki nilai yang semakin menurun seiring meningkatnya konsentrasi gliserol yang digunakan. Gliserol dapat mengurangi peningkatan angka TBA. Pada uji tekstur diperoleh hasil bahwa konsentrasi 6 % memiliki nilai tekstur tertinggi selama waktu penyimpanan. Dan pada uji total kapang bahwa konsentrasi gliserol 6 % tidak terdapat pertumbuhan kapang. Kata kunci : Jenang dodol, gliserol, sensoris, kadar air, aktivitas air, bilangan TBA, tekstur, total kapang