A Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the \u27\u27Whiting Triangle\u27\u27 in Central Wisconsin

The vascular flora of the \u27\u27Whiting Triangle\u27\u27 - a 30 acre (12 ha) area of semi-wild land within the Stevens Point, Wisconsin urban area has been observed and collected since 1964. Four hundred seventeen taxa have been collected at this site, including typical species of central Wisconsin as well as rare or otherwise notable taxa for the state. A checklist of the flora is presented

Empirical study of cartograms

We report on an empirical study investigating the effectiveness and efficiency of spatial inference making with contiguous (value-by-area) cartograms, compared to informational equivalent choropleth maps, combined with graduated circles. We find significant differences in people's inference-making performance dependent on the map type. Overall, results suggest that the choropleth map with graduated circles is more effective and more efficient than the cartogram for the analysis of population census data. However, map effectiveness and efficiency also significantly depends on the inference task complexity, and more surprisingly, on the shape characteristics of the depicted enumeration units. For simple tasks, cartograms seem as effective and efficient as the more traditional mapping method. For complex inference questions, inference performance with cartograms is significantly dependent on whether regular or irregular zones are distorted. As we know still very little about the perception and cognition of cartograms, we hope to shed new light for this intriguing mapping method with this empirical study

Introduction to Sources of German law: German Collections at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies

This article, written by Katherine Read, gives an introduction to printed and electronic German legal resources available at the Library of the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies and on the Web. Particular attention is given to English language sources where available

The Prairie Remnants of the Ames Area

A list of the vascular plants found on five prairie remnants in the vicinity of Ames, Iowa, was compiled in 1965. The five relics, perhaps the last in the area, support a flora of about 180 native species and at least 32 adventive species. These areas, which include both upland and lowland prairie types, are described in the paper

Studies on the Thermolysis of Ether-Stabilized Lu(CH2SiMe3)3. Molecular Structure of Lu(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)(diglyme)

Lu(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 (2) decomposes slowly at room temperature with formation of Me4Si. In order to understand the mechanism of this elimination process, Lu(CH2SiMe3)3([D8]-THF)2 (1), Lu(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)(DME) (3), and Lu(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)(diglyme) (4) were prepared. The results of 1H NMR spectroscopic studies of the decomposition in solution exclude an α- as well as a β -H elimination mechanism and point towards a γ -H elimination. The molecular structure of 4 has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.DFG, GRK 352, Synthetische, mechanistische und reaktionstechnische Aspekte von MetallkatalysatorenDFG, SPP 1166, Lanthanoidspezifische Funktionalitäten in Molekül und Materia

Combining Glucose Monitoring and Insulin Infusion in an Integrated Device: A Narrative Review of Challenges and Proposed Solutions.

The introduction of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems has enabled increasing numbers of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) to improve their glycemic control largely. However, use of AID systems is limited due to their complexity and costs associated. The user must wear both a continuously monitoring glucose system and an insulin infusion pump. The glucose sensor and the insulin catheter must be inserted at two different body sites using different insertion devices. In addition, the user must pair and manage the different systems. These communicate with the AID software implemented on the pump or on a third device such as a dedicated display device or smart phone application. These components might be developed and commercialized by different manufacturers, which in turn can cause difficulties for patients seeking technical support. A possible solution to these challenges would be to integrate the glucose sensor and insulin catheter into a single device. This would allow the glucose sensor and insulin catheter to be inserted simultaneously, eliminating the need for pairing, and simplifying system management. In recent years, different technologies have been developed and evaluated in clinical investigations that combine the glucose sensor and the insulin catheter in one platform. The consistent finding of all these studies is that integration has no adverse effect on insulin infusion and glucose measurements provided that certain conditions are met. In this review, we discuss the perceived challenges of such an approach and discuss possible solutions that have been proposed

Environmental effects of ambient temperature and relative humidity on insulin pharmacodynamics in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the effects of ambient temperature and relative humidity on insulin pharmacodynamics in adults with type 1 diabetes.Research DesignA 3‐way, cross‐over, randomised study was performed in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (n=10). The pharmacodynamics profile of a single dose of short‐acting insulin (insulin lispro) was investigated under three environmental conditions: i) temperature: 15°C and humidity: 10%, ii) temperature: 30°C and humidity: 10%, and iii) temperature: 30°C and humidity: 60%, controlled in an environmental chamber. Euglycaemic glucose clamp technique ensured a constant blood glucose of 100 mg/dl (5.5 mmol/l). The following pharmacodynamic endpoints were calculated: maximum glucose infusion rate (GIRmax), time to GIRmax (tGIRmax), total area under the curve (AUC) for GIR from 0‐6 hours (AUCGIR.0–6h), and partial AUCs (AUCGIR.0‐1h, AUCGIR.0‐2h and AUCGIR.2‐6h).ResultsHigher temperature (30oC) under 10% fixed humidity resulted in a greater GIRmax (p=0.04), a later tGIR.max (p=0.049) compared to lower temperature (15oC). Humidity did not affect any pharmacodynamic parameter. When the combined effects of temperature and humidity were explored, tGIR.max (p=0.008) occurred earlier with a lower late insulin pharmacodynamic effect (AUCGIR.2‐6h, p=0.017) at temperature 15oC and humidity 10% compared to temperature 30oC and humidity 60%.ConclusionsHigh ambient temperature resulted in greater insulin peak effect compared to low ambient temperature, with the contribution of high relative humidity only apparent at high ambient temperature. This suggests that patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus entering higher environmental temperatures with or without high humidity could experience more hypoglycaemic events