North City: A pedagogical challenge

La zona norte de Bucaramanga o «Ciudad Norte» como la bautizaron sus propios habitantes, es un sector marginal que cuenta aproximadamente con cien mil personas. Allí se encuentra ubicada la comuna nororiental conformada por diecisiete barrios Catorce instituciones escolares.The northern zone of Bucaramanga or "Ciudad Norte" as its own inhabitants baptized it, is a marginal sector that It has approximately one hundred thousand people. There is located the northeastern commune made up of seventeen neighborhoods and fourteen school institutions

Novel Ruthenium-Silver PTA-Based Polymers and Their Behavior in Water

New coordination polymers based on two metal-containing moieties Ru–Ag are synthesized: Na[RuCpX(PTA)-μ-(PTA)-1κP:2κ2N-AgX2]∞ (X = Cl (1), Br (2), I (3)). Characterization is performed by NMR, UV-visible and FT-IR spectroscopy, optical-electron microscopy, and elemental analyses (C, H, N, S). Light scattering is employed to characterize the colloidal particles growth by polymer self-assembling. These structures are stable over a broad range of pH and exhibit thermally-driven swelling, thus resembling a typical thermosensitive hydrogel

First exfoliated Ru–Ru–Au organometallic polymer with layered structure.

A new water soluble heterometallic polymeric complex [{(PTA)2 CpRu-l-CN-1jC:2j2N-RuCp(PTA)2}-l-{Au(CN)4}4]n 2H2O (1) is synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. This complex self-assembles forming 3D polymeric structures with large scale hexagonal conformation. They also organize as 3D stacks of polymer sandwiches that can be exfoliated providing mono heterometallic-3D layers, as shown by electron microscopy. Regarding the polymer dynamics, quasi-elastic neutron scattering shows a transition from vibrational Debye–Waller behaviour to a more dynamically active state as a result of the loss of structural water molecules

Los Trabajos de Fin de Grado: reflexiones y perspectivas de futuro

Con la última ordenación académica de las enseñanzas universitarias oficiales (Real Decreto 1393/2007, de 29 de octubre) tiene su aparición la asignatura de Trabajo Fin de Grado; a través de ella se pretende que el alumno cierre su etapa de grado mediante un trabajo en el que se integren los conocimientos y las competencias adquiridas. El objetivo de la comunicación es trasladar el resultado del debate, que actualmente se está teniendo en nuestros centros, a este foro de profesores de contabilidad. Abarca tanto los aspectos puramente normativos como la aportación que esta materia está realizando en la formación del alumno. El método de recogida de datos ha sido, mediante reuniones con profesores implicados en la asignatura y las diferentes comisiones de seguimiento de los centros. El resultado de estos dos años de experiencia es de confusión e insatisfacción por parte de todos los actores implicados y en particular en lo que hace referencia: al criterio de asignación, al reconocimiento de créditos, al papel a desempeñar por el tutor y por el alumno y al proceso de evaluación

Reflections Magazine of the Faculty of Education. Volume 5 No. 6 June 1993

La Revista Reflexiones de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga recibe para su publicación trabajos sobre Educación, Infancia, formación de Docentes, Trabajo Comunitario, Psicología Infantil y temas afines.EDITORIAL. -- USOS Y ABUSOS DEL QUINTO CENTENARIO. -- Los basuriegos del carrasco. --- Ciudad norte. -- Fundamentos teóricos a tener en cuenta en el diseño del programa de formación moral. -- La dimensión de las palabras. -- Nuestra universidad¡ hacia dónde?. -- Filosofía personal. --The Reflections Magazine of the Faculty of Education of the Autonomous University of Bucaramanga receives for its publication of works on Education, Childhood, Teacher Training, Community Work, Child Psychology and topics related

Circulating Tumor Cells Enumeration from the Portal Vein for Risk Stratification in Early Pancreatic Cancer Patients

[Simple Summary] Effective biomarkers are needed to enable personalized medicine for pancreatic cancer patients. This study analyzes the prognostic value, in early pancreatic cancer, of circulating tumor cells and clusters from the central venous catheter and portal blood. Circulating tumor cells were isolated using an immunomagnetic selection and were detected by microscopy using immunocytochemistry staining. In conclusion, the circulating tumor cell number in portal blood identifies a death risk in patients with early pancreatic cancer.[Abstract] Background. Effective biomarkers are needed to enable personalized medicine for pancreatic cancer patients. This study analyzes the prognostic value, in early pancreatic cancer, of single circulating tumor cell (CTC) and CTC clusters from the central venous catheter (CVC) and portal blood (PV). Methods. In total, 7 mL of PV and CVC blood from 35 patients with early pancreatic cancer were analyzed. CTC were isolated using a positive immunomagnetic selection. The detection and identification of CTC were performed by immunocytochemistry (ICC) and were analyzed by Epi-fluorescence and confocal microscopy. Results. CTC and the clusters were detected both in PV and CVC. In both samples, the CTC number per cluster was higher in patients with grade three or poorly differentiated tumors (G3) than in patients with well (G1) or moderately (G2) differentiated. Patients with fewer than 185 CTC in PV exhibited a longer OS than patients with more than 185 CTC (24.5 vs. 10.0 months; p = 0.018). Similarly, patients with fewer than 15 clusters in PV showed a longer OS than patients with more than 15 clusters (19 vs. 10 months; p = 0.004). These significant correlations were not observed in CVC analyses. Conclusions. CTC presence in PV could be an important prognostic factor to predict poor prognosis in early pancreatic cancer. In addition, the number of clustered-CTC correlate to a tumor negative differentiation degree and, therefore, could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer.This research was funded by Carlos III Health Institute (Health Research Fund) grant number PI16/01465 and PI19/01821 (Co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund “A way to make Europe”)

Valorization of wastewater from table olives: NMR identification of antioxidant phenolic fraction and microwave single-phase reaction of sugary fraction

The table olive industry is producing a huge amount of wastewater, which is a post-processing cost and an environmental concern. The present study aims to valorize this processing by-product to obtain a value-added product, thereby enhancing resource efficiency and contributing to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). In this sense, a chemical reaction-based platform was developed to obtain valuable components, such as levulinic acid (LA) and 5-hydromethylfurfural (HMF). The products were then analyzed using NMR identification of the antioxidant phenolic fraction and microwave single-phase reaction of the sugary fraction. According to the results, the highest concentration of phenolic compounds does not correspond to the sample directly obtained from NaOH treatment (S1), indicating that water washing steps (S2-S5) are fundamental to recover phenolic substances. Moreover, glucose was presented in the sugary fraction that can be transformed into levulinic acid by a single-phase reaction under microwave irradiation. The information provided in this manuscript suggests that the wastewater from the olive processing industry can be valorized to obtain valuable products

Reflections Magazine of the Faculty of Education. Volume 5 No. 6 September 1995

La Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga desde 1.992 viene realizando acciones tendientes a la clarificación y definición de políticas y criterios que señalen directrices para la actualización del Proyecto Educativo Institucional a la luz de los nuevos desarrollos sociales, políticos y culturales del país.The Autonomous University of Bucaramanga since 1992 has been carrying out actions aimed at clarifying and defining of policies and criteria that indicate guidelines for updating the Institutional Educational Project in light of the new social, political and cultural developments in the country.Modalidad Presencia