Frágeis fronteiras: relatos testamentais de mulheres das Minas Gerais setecentistas

During the colonial period, in Minas Gerais, freedwomen, followed by the free ones (white and mestiza), bequeathed to the future a quantity not despicable of wills. In these documents, are registered reports done orally by them and transcribed by some notary, as well as impressions, preferences, declarations of all kinds of nature and, still, precious information, intentional or not, about family, miscegenation, ascension and social distinctions, sociabilities, physical, social and cultural mobility. The speeches of these women on living in that colonial universe, including what, for times, it was possible to read in the inbetween lines of the wills, constitute the central object of this text and are the starting point of the dialog established with these XVIIIth characters.Durante o período colonial, nas Minas Gerais, as mulheres forras, seguidas pelas livres (brancas e mestiças) legaram ao futuro uma quantidade nada desprezível de testamentos. Nesses documentos, aparecem registrados relatos feitos oralmente por elas e transcritos por algum escrivão, bem como impressões, gostos, declarações de toda natureza e, ainda, informações preciosas, intencionais ou não, sobre família, mestiçagens, ascensão e distinções sociais, sociabilidades, mobilidade física, social e cultural. Os discursos dessas mulheres sobre o viver naquele universo colonial, incluindo o que, por vezes, se pôde captar nas entrelinhas dos testamentos, constituem o objeto central do texto e são o ponto de partida do diálogo estabelecido com esses personagens setecentistas

Coartações e alforrias nas Minas Gerais do século XVIII: as possibilidades de libertação escrava no principal centro colonial

Entre as várias formas de alforria existentes nas Minas Gerais do século XVIII, uma merece ser destacada: a coartação. Tratava-se, grosso modo, do pagamento parcelado da manumissão, podendo o coartado se ausentar do domínio senhorial durante anos seguidos. Este texto pretende, então, informar sobre essa prática recorrente nas Minas do Setecentos, mas muito pouco conhecida pela historiografia brasileira sobre escravidão.Among the various kinds of alforria in Minas Gerais during the eighteenth century, one should be highlighted: the coartação. It consisted of parcelled payments, granting the absence of the coartado from the landlord's domain during subsequent years. This paper, thus, discusses this common practice in the Minas Gerais of the 1700s, but vaguely known to the Brazilian historiography on slavery

Calcifying odontogenic cyst associated with complex odontoma treated with a conservative approach: a case report / Cisto odontogênico calcificante associado a odontoma complexo tratado com abordagem conservadora: relato de caso

Calcifying odontogenic cysts (COCs) are uncommon benign lesions arising from the odontogenic epithelium which are currently considered cysts. Histopathologically, it presents as an epithelial lining with ameloblastic characteristics, in addition to ghost cells with tendency to undergo calcifications. The objective of this study was to describe a case of a calcifying odontogenic cyst associated with odontoma, which was treated with a conservative two-step approach. A 29-year-old female presented with increased volume on the right side of the face with a lesion detected at the bottom of the buccal groove, extending from tooth 53 to 16. Radiographically, a wide, unilocular lesion was observed, involving tooth 13 that was impacted. Histopathological examination was consistent with COC associated with complex odontoma. No recurrence was seen at 6-month follow-up. The case addresses the importance of anatomopathological diagnosis of the lesion, since characterization of the cyst is fundamental to treatmen

Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Caryocar brasiliense in Mice

Background: Caryocar brasiliense Cambess (Caryocaraceae) is an arboreal plant native of Brasilian Cerrado and its fruit is an important source of food and income for the human population of this region. In addition to using as food, different parts of this tree have great medicinal potential as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antihelmintic. However, the active metabolites those are likely to confer these pharmacological properties healing may also be toxic dependent upon the dose and route of administration. In this quest, the aim of this study was to assess the acute toxicity of aqueous extracts of fruit peels and leaves of C. brasiliense in mice of both genders.Materials, Methods & Results: The aqueous extracts were obtained by decoction, diluted in water and filtered through membrane. The toxicity of extract of fruit peels (62.5 at 500 mg/kg of body weight (BW) and leaf extract (18.75 mg/kg bw) were evaluated in males and  females mice (Mus musculus) Swiss by intraperitoneal route. For 2 control groups were administered injection water. The clinical signs and deaths were recorded up to 14 days after administration. The lethal doses for 10 (LD10) or 50 (LD50) % of population were estimated with Probit regression analysis. The Chi-square test was used to analyze differences of mortality frequencies between males and females. The groups treated with the two lower doses of both extracts completely abolished the clinical alteration between two and four hours after inoculation. The comportment of control group’s animals was normalized immediately after administration of injection water. The higher dose administered in both experiments were lethal for all animals, but the doses 250 mg/kg BW of fruit peels extract and 150 mg/kg  of BW of leaves extract caused mortality of 100% just in males.  However, in both experiments there were no significant differences between the mortality frequency for groups of male and female, as well the comportment of these animals when these doses were administered. Dose-dependent response was observed to mortality. The LD10 corresponded to 89.6 mg/kg BW and LD50 was 149.8 mg/kg BW for fruit peel extract. For the leaf extract , LD10 and LD50 were 33.35 and 67.01 mg/kg BW, respectively.Discussion: Aqueous extracts of the fruit peels and leaves of C. brasiliense were classified as very toxic since the LD50 ranged from 50 to 500 mg / kg BW. For both extracts, similar behavioral changes were observed. Among the secondary metabolites present in fruit peel and leaves, saponins and tannins can promote nervous symptoms. Although there are no records in the literature about animals and human orally intoxicated with any part of C. brasiliense, the development of specific studies to determine its toxicity is relevant, considering the social and ecological importance of this plant

Hemodiluição normovolêmica aguda como alternativa à transfusão sanguínea em cirurgias eletivas / Acute normovolemic hemodilution as an alternative to blood transfusion in elective surgeries

O uso da técnica de hemodiluição normovolêmica aguda (HNA) apresenta-se como uma alternativa à transfusão alogênica tradicional, sobretudo em cenários de alta demanda. Objetivo: Elucidar os conceitos da HNA, benefícios e malefícios de seu uso e contexto onde é utilizada. Métodos: Este artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura após a seleção de estudos levantados em bancos de dados eletrônicos (PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs e Science Direct). Resultados: A partir da análise realizada, foi evidenciado que a HNA é considerada uma técnica segura, sem diferenças significativas na permanência hospitalar pós operatória, morbidade, mortalidade e complicações quando comparadas com a transfusão alogênica, além de efetiva e de baixo custo. A técnica deve ser considerada em ambientes hospitalares, sobretudo relacionada à alta demanda desses locais. Conclusão: Mais estudos, contudo, são necessários para maior compreensão das variáveis relacionadas a seu uso e, dessa forma, maior incorporação à prática médica.