Supervised Classification of Baboon Vocalizations

International audienceThis paper addresses automatic classification of baboon vocalizations. We considered six classes of sounds emitted by "Papio papio" baboons, and report the results of supervised classification carried out with different signal representations (audio features), classifiers, combinations and settings. Results show that up to 94.1\% of correct recognition of pre-segmented elementary segments of vocalizations can be obtained using Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients representation and Support Vector Machines classifiers. Results for other configurations are also presented and discussed, and a possible extension to the "Sound-spotting'' problem, i.e. online joint detection and classification of a vocalization from a continuous audio stream is illustrated and discussed

First Perihelion of EUI on the Solar Orbiter mission

Context. The Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI), onboard Solar Orbiter consists of three telescopes: the two High Resolution Imagers in EUV (HRIEUV) and in Lyman-{\alpha} (HRILya), and the Full Sun Imager (FSI). Solar Orbiter/EUI started its Nominal Mission Phase on 2021 November 27. Aims. EUI images from the largest scales in the extended corona off limb, down to the smallest features at the base of the corona and chromosphere. EUI is therefore a key instrument for the connection science that is at the heart of the Solar Orbiter mission science goals. Methods. The highest resolution on the Sun is achieved when Solar Orbiter passes through the perihelion part of its orbit. On 2022 March 26, Solar Orbiter reached for the first time a distance to the Sun close to 0.3 au. No other coronal EUV imager has been this close to the Sun. Results. We review the EUI data sets obtained during the period 2022 March-April, when Solar Orbiter quickly moved from alignment with the Earth (2022 March 6), to perihelion (2022 March 26), to quadrature with the Earth (2022 March 29). We highlight the first observational results in these unique data sets and we report on the in-flight instrument performance. Conclusions. EUI has obtained the highest resolution images ever of the solar corona in the quiet Sun and polar coronal holes. Several active regions were imaged at unprecedented cadences and sequence durations. We identify in this paper a broad range of features that require deeper studies. Both FSI and HRIEUV operate at design specifications but HRILya suffered from performance issues near perihelion. We conclude emphasising the EUI open data policy and encouraging further detailed analysis of the events highlighted in this paper

Slow Solar Wind Connection Science during Solar Orbiter’s First Close Perihelion Passage

The Slow Solar Wind Connection Solar Orbiter Observing Plan (Slow Wind SOOP) was developed to utilize the extensive suite of remote-sensing and in situ instruments on board the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission to answer significant outstanding questions regarding the origin and formation of the slow solar wind. The Slow Wind SOOP was designed to link remote-sensing and in situ measurements of slow wind originating at open–closed magnetic field boundaries. The SOOP ran just prior to Solar Orbiter’s first close perihelion passage during two remote-sensing windows (RSW1 and RSW2) between 2022 March 3–6 and 2022 March 17–22, while Solar Orbiter was at respective heliocentric distances of 0.55–0.51 and 0.38–0.34 au from the Sun. Coordinated observation campaigns were also conducted by Hinode and IRIS. The magnetic connectivity tool was used, along with low-latency in situ data and full-disk remote-sensing observations, to guide the target pointing of Solar Orbiter. Solar Orbiter targeted an active region complex during RSW1, the boundary of a coronal hole, and the periphery of a decayed active region during RSW2. Postobservation analysis using the magnetic connectivity tool, along with in situ measurements from MAG and SWA/PAS, showed that slow solar wind originating from two out of three of the target regions arrived at the spacecraft with velocities between ∼210 and 600 km s−1. The Slow Wind SOOP, despite presenting many challenges, was very successful, providing a blueprint for planning future observation campaigns that rely on the magnetic connectivity of Solar Orbiter

Plasma Composition Measurements in an Active Region from Solar Orbiter/SPICE and Hinode/EIS

A key goal of the Solar Orbiter mission is to connect elemental abundance measurements of the solar wind enveloping the spacecraft with extreme-UV (EUV) spectroscopic observations of their solar sources, but this is not an easy exercise. Observations from previous missions have revealed a highly complex picture of spatial and temporal variations of elemental abundances in the solar corona. We have used coordinated observations from Hinode and Solar Orbiter to attempt new abundance measurements with the Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instrument, and benchmark them against standard analyses from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS). We use observations of several solar features in active region (AR) 12781 taken from an Earth-facing view by EIS on 2020 November 10, and SPICE data obtained one week later on 2020 November 17, when the AR had rotated into the Solar Orbiter field of view. We identify a range of spectral lines that are useful for determining the transition region and low-coronal-temperature structure with SPICE, and demonstrate that SPICE measurements are able to differentiate between photospheric and coronal magnesium/neon abundances. The combination of SPICE and EIS is able to establish the atmospheric composition structure of a fan loop/outflow area at the AR edge. We also discuss the problem of resolving the degree of elemental fractionation with SPICE, which is more challenging without further constraints on the temperature structure, and comment on what that can tell us about the sources of the solar wind and solar energetic particles

Place de l'antibioprophylaxie dans le risque biologique militaire pour la prévention des infections à Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis, Burkholderia mallei et Burkholderia pseudomallei

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocPARIS-Bib. Serv.Santé Armées (751055204) / SudocSudocFranceF

Kostka numbers and littlewood -- richardson coefficients: Distributed computation

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SIMULATION DE L'URNE D'EHRENFEST<br />Son apport à l'appropriation des concepts d'équilibre statistique, d'irréversibilité, d'entropie, de flèche du temps

La simulation d'expériences aléatoires ne doit pas se borner à la reproduction de jeux de hasard. Dans le cadre de l'interdisciplinarité, on peut faire appel à des modélisations de situations provenant, par exemple, de la physique. L'urne d'Ehrenfest en est un bon exemple. La simulation informatique en est simple et peut être réalisée, par des élèves, dans le cadre des Travaux Pratiques Encadrés. Le professeur peut utiliser cette simulation dans les classes pour initier un débat sur la notion irréversibilité, les concepts d'entropie, d'équilibre statistique et de flèche du temps. Elle peut servir à faire conjecturer par les élèves l'espérance du temps de retour à la situation initiale. Dans le cas où le nombre de particules en jeu est faible, deux ou trois, les élèves des classes de terminale scientifique peuvent démontrer les résultats conjecturés. La modélisation mathématique fait appel aux chaînes de Markov et peut être étudiée dans les premières années de l'université

Cutaneous diphtheria in a patient just returned from Tahiti

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