Exercise as an adjunct treatment for postpartum depression for women living in an inner city—A pilot study

To examine the effectiveness of exercise in the management of postpartum depression, women living in an inner-city, who were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (Perinatal Version) (SCID-PN), were randomly assigned to an exercise group (N = 12) or control group (N = 12). A focus group was carried out to explore women's views of the trial. There were no significant differences between the two groups for SCID-PN. Although women who had engaged in the exercise viewed it positively (based on focus group data), low adherence to exercise meant that significant improvements in postpartum depression were not found

Sort Inference in Action Semantics

Action semantics is a semantic meta-language developed by Mosses and Watt for specifying programming languages. The work reported in this thesis is part of a project to develop a system, called ACTRESS, that is a semantics-directed compiler generator based on action semantics. The aims of this project are to demonstrate the suitability of action semantics for this task, and to produce a system that improves on the performance of previous semantics-directed compiler generators. Moreover the ACTRESS system aims to accept a wide range of programming languages, including dynamically-scoped and dynamically-typed languages, but not to penalise the implementations of statically-typed or statically-bound languages as a result. ACTRESS automatically generates a compiler from an action semantic description of a programming language, and has been used to generate compilers for a small declarative language and a small imperative language. The generated compiler uses a number of standard modules to compile the action denoting a program into efficient object code. Amongst these modules is the action notation sort checker. The role of the action notation sort checker is vital. It analyses an action and infers detailed information about the sorts of data flowing between the sub-actions. Without this information, erroneous actions could not be detected, and efficient code generation would not be possible. The problem of sort inference for action notation is a complicated one. Firstly, action notation has an unusual sort system, which includes individuals as sorts, sort join, and sort meet. Secondly, the complex data flows in action notation prevent a simple bottom-up or top-down analysis. In general, actions have polymorphic sorts. Thirdly, we aim to be as general as possible, and allow actions that still require sort checks when the action is performed. We must detect the places in an action where a run-time sort check is necessary, and annotate the action accordingly. In this thesis, we present a sort inference algorithm for action notation, that is specified as a collection of sort inference rules, and we describe the implementation of this algorithm to produce the action notation sort checker. Furthermore, we formulate a soundness property for our sort inference algorithm, and prove its soundness with respect to the natural semantics of ACTRESS action notation. Finally, we compare ACTRESS with other semantics-directed compiler generators that use action semantics, and suggest possible improvements and future research

A rapid assessment of the invasive status of Eucalyptus species in two South African provinces

Gum trees, or eucalypts (Eucalyptus species), have been targeted for invasive alien plant clearing programmes in many parts of South Africa. This has caused some dissatisfaction where the species concerned also have useful characteristics, and stakeholders contend that some of these useful species are not invasive. A rapid assessment of the invasive status of Eucalyptus species at 82 sites in South Africa (54 in the Western Cape and 28 in Mpumalanga) indicated that only Red River gum (E. camaldulensis) and flooded gum (E. grandis) are clearly invasive. Surveys were not undertaken in parts of the Western Cape known to be invaded by spider gum (E. lehmannii); the invasive status of this species is well known and is not contested. Red River gum has transformed long stretches of rivers and its importance as a major weed has been underestimated in previous reviews of alien plant invasions in South Africa. Most other species were naturalized. We recommend that projects aimed at clearing eucalypts should focus on riparian areas and nature reserves (where all eucalypts have deleterious effects), but that clearing projects outside these areas should only target species known to be invasive until such time as the invasive status of the other eucalypts (notably sugar gum, E. cladocalyx, and karri, E. diversicolor) can be ascertained with a greater degree of confidence

Measured Sensitivity of the First Mark II Phased Array Feed on an ASKAP Antenna

This paper presents the measured sensitivity of CSIRO's first Mk. II phased array feed (PAF) on an ASKAP antenna. The Mk. II achieves a minimum system-temperature-over-efficiency $T_\mathrm{sys}/\eta$ of 78 K at 1.23 GHz and is 95 K or better from 835 MHz to 1.8 GHz. This PAF was designed for the Australian SKA Pathfinder telescope to demonstrate fast astronomical surveys with a wide field of view for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA).Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Electromagnetics in Advanced applications (ICEAA), 2015 International Conference o

Estimating the orientation of crack initiation planes under constant and variable amplitude multiaxial fatigue loading

This paper investigates the accuracy of the shear strain Maximum Variance Method (γ–MVM) and Maximum Damage Method (MDM) in predicting the orientation of crack initiation planes under both constant and variable amplitude multiaxial fatigue loading. The γ–MVM defines the critical plane as the plane on which the variance of the resolved shear strain reaches its maximum value. In contrast, a specific multiaxial fatigue criterion is needed to be used along with the MDM to predict the orientation of the critical plane under multiaxial fatigue loading. As far as variable amplitude multiaxial loading is concerned, the MDM have to be used by applying with a certain fatigue criterion, a cycle counting method and a cumulative damage rule. In this paper, the MDM is applied with Fatemi & Socie’s criterion, Bannantine & Socie’s cycle counting method and Palmgren-Miner’s linear rule. The MDM assumes that the critical plane is the plane experiencing the maximum accumulated damage. Experimental data for several metals tested under constant and variable amplitude multiaxial fatigue loading taken from literature are used to assess the accuracy of these two methodologies. The results show that the predictions made by both the γ–MVM and MDM have good accuracy for the investigated materials and investigated load histories: 90% of the predictions made by the γ–MVM and 80% of the predictions made by the MDM fall within a scatter band of 20%