Alien Registration- Flura, Paul (Rumford, Oxford County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/12644/thumbnail.jp

Expression of a cDNA encoding the glucose trimming enzyme glucosidase II in CHO cells and molecular characterization of the enzyme deficiency in a mutant mouse lymphoma cell line

Glucosidase II is an ER resident glycoprotein involved in the processing of N-linked glycans and probably a component of the ER quality control of glycoproteins. For cloning of glucosidase II cDNA, degenerate oligonucleotides based on amino acid sequences derived from proteolytic fragments of purified pig liver glucosidase II were used. An unamplified cDNA library from pig liver was screened with a 760 bp glucosidase II specific cDNA fragment obtained by RT-PCR. A 3.9 kb glucosidase II cDNA with an open reading frame of about 2.9 kb was obtained. The glucosidase II sequence did not contain known ER retention signals nor hydrophobic regions which could represent a transmem-brane domain; however, it contained a single N-glycosylation site close to the amino terminus. All studied pig and rat tissues exhibited an mRNA of approximately 4.4 kb with varying tissue expression levels. The authenticity of the identified cDNA with that coding for glucosidase II was proven by overexpression in CHO cells. Mouse lymphoma PHAR 2.7 cells, deficient in glucosidase II activity, were shown to be devoid of transcript

Species Peculiarities of Weeds in Terms of Heavy Metal Accumulation

Control over the accumulation of heavy metals (HM) in agrophytocenoses is an urgent environmental problem. An obligatory component of all field agrophytocenoses are various agrobiological groups of weeds. The purpose of this work was to study the features of HM accumulation in the weed component of agrophytocenoses. The study was carried out in agrophytocenoses of the Yaroslavl region, represented by winter and spring crops, legumes, corn, industrial crops, and a wide variety of weeds. According to the data of the route survey of crops in the Yaroslavl region, the weediness of agricultural plants was 31–101 pieces per square meter. Weeds differed in the content of HMs: by 5.8 times for Zn; more than 14 times for Cd and Pb; and about 6 times for Cu. Dandelion medicinal and creeping wheatgrass expressed the barrier function of the roots in relation to all of the studied elements. The contribution of weeds to the general elimination of trace elements and heavy metals by plants of agrophytocenoses is insignificant. Keywords: weeds, heavy metals, trace elements, barrier function of root

Symbiotische Stickstofffixierung in biologisch und konventionell bewirtschafteten Wiesen

Because of lower nitrogen (N) input it is assumed that organically cultivated legumes fix more N2 than legumes grown under conventional cropping. Using the natural 15N abundance method, we assessed symbiotic N2 fixation by white and red clover. The clover was growing in a grass-clover meadow installed as part of the crop rotation of a long term (30 years) field experiment. Dry matter yields were similar for organic and conventional meadows on plots fertilized at levels typical for the respective system, but organic meadows tended to higher clover yields. The proportion of N derived from atmosphere (Ndfa) in both clover species was on average 84%. It was not significantly affected by the cropping system. Because of more legumes, amounts of fixed N2 (Nfix) were higher in organic than conventional meadows. Under low fertilization intensity, low available potassium and phosphorus contents limited Nfix through lower legume dry matter production while Ndfa remained high

Effects of Dietary Vitamin C on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Activity and Disease Resistance of Fish: A Review

Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient that cannot be synthesized by fish and must be present in fish diets for proper functioning of the physiological conditions. It is required for the biosynthesis of the collagen which is a pre-requisite for the formation of connective tissue and increases the absorption of iron in fish. It prevents various diseases; it is soluble in water and is easily oxidated by heat, light and metal. Most animals can generate vitamin C in sufficient quantities for normal growth and function, but many fish cannot because they lack the enzyme L-gulonolactone oxidase for its manufacture. Vitamin C facilitates the absorption of iron and is necessary for a maximum rate of immune responses and enables a good response to stressors. This updated review presents a general outline of the possible physiological function of vitamin C for fish, with an emphasis on the information on growth performance, antioxidant activity, immune response and disease prevention of fish as well as the synergistic effects of vitamin C with other micronutrients. The diets supplemented with vitamin C promote the growth performance, improve the structure of the intestinal mucosal epithelium, and have a positive impact on the hematological parameter. The addition of different dietary vitamin C to the basal diets significantly improved the growth performance, antioxidant activity, immune response and disease resistance of fish. vitamin C in the aquaculture, having a solid understanding of the positive functions and mechanisms that vitamin C possesses is of the utmost significance

Current Status and Development Trend of Aquaculture: Prospects and Future Potentials

In recent years world aquaculture production has been increased with innovative and technological developments within fisheries sector and scaled up in world total fisheries production. This increasing aquaculture production depends on innovative production systems and technologies, biotechnological developments. The advancements in these cutting-edge technologies have been focused on promoting sustainable aquaculture production, mitigating the risk of disease outbreaks, and contributing to eco-friendly environmental initiatives. This review paper highlights the cutting-edge technologies that have emerged in the field of aquaculture in recent years, up until the present time, with a focus on advancements in fish nutrition. The advancements in aquaculture technology have been instrumental in promoting the achievement of sustainable development goals. As the aquaculture industry continues to evolve, it is expected that there will be further advancements in technology, sustainability practices, and innovative approaches to meet the increasing demand for seafood while minimizing environmental impact. Overall, the future of aquaculture is likely to be characterized by a combination of technological innovation, sustainable practices, and increased focus on environmental and social responsibility. In the arena of aquaculture, this review paper has the potential to nourish the minds of aquaculturists and aquafarmers with a bountiful feast of knowledge. It unveils the latest technologies and developments in the realm of aquaculture, serving as a nutritious resource that can enhance the operation of cultures and promote a fruitful increase in production in the not-so-distant future

Региональные особенности гендерной политики в Республике Беларусь

The essence of the state gender policy at the present stage in the Republic of Belarus is substantiated. The regional peculiarities of the implementation of the state program document «The National Plan of Action for Ensuring Gender Equality for 2017-2020» are disclosed. The experience of designing a regional plan for the implementation of the state gender policy of the Minsk City Executive Committee for 2017-2020 is shown on the example of the Academy of Management under the President of the Republic of Belarus. In the broad sense, gender policy is understood as one of the strategic directions of social policy. At the same time, gender policy is aimed at overcoming discrimination based on gender, gender asymmetry in the sphere of power relations, gender imbalance in the labor market, employment. Gender policy in the context of international legislative acts takes into account the national identity, the features of the political system, and the socio-economic development of a concrete state. With all existing differences, gender policy in its narrow meaning is a purposeful, dynamic, adaptive process of public administration, regulation, coordination, control in the sphere of gender relations on three bases: political doctrine; state ideology; program priorities and values of gender equality. The interdisciplinarity of gender policy integrates it with other areas of social policy. Thus, gender policy is implicit in goals, the content of state family policy, demographic, educational, youth, protection of maternity and childhood . Formation and implementation of gender policy is based on analysis, interpretation of statistical data (social policy directions), which are disaggregated by sex, in the dynamics of indicators. Based on the UN used methodology, taking into account the national specifics of the Belarusian society, has been created relevant gender statistics and it is developing as an information resource for decision-making. Gender statistics in Belarus are used by authorities, practitioners-managers and scientists. Practice confirms that the use of a gender approach in public administration contributes to the procuring of the women rights, freedoms, and opportunities. It increases their social and political statuses both within societal institutions and at the state level. Conversely, ignoring the gender factor can be devastating for society and its institutions.  Обоснована сущность государственной гендерной политики на современном этапе в Республике Беларусь. Раскрыты региональные особенности реализации государственного программного документа «Национальный план действий по обеспечению гендерного равенства на 2017-2020 годы». Показан опыт проектирования регионального плана реализации государственной гендерной политики Минского городского исполнительного комитета на 2017-2020 годы на примере Академии управления при Президенте Республики Беларусь. В широком значении под гендерной политикой понимается одно из стратегических направлений социальной политики. При этом гендерная политика направлена на преодоление дискриминации по признаку пола, гендерной асимметрии в сфере властных отношений, гендерного дисбаланса на рынке труда, занятости. Гендерная политика в контексте международных законодательных актов осуществляется с учетом национального своеобразия, особенностей политического устройства, и социально-экономического развития отдельно взятой страны. При всех существующих различиях гендерная политика в ее узком значении — это целенаправленный, динамический, адаптивный процесс государственного управления, регулирования, координации, контроля в сфере гендерных отношений на трех основаниях: заданной политической доктрины; государственной идеологии; программных приоритетов и ценностей гендерного равенства. Междисциплинарность гендерной политики интегрирует ее с другими направлениями социальной политики. Отсюда следует: гендерная политики имплицитна целям, содержанию государственной семейной политики, демографической, образовательной, молодежной, охраны материнства и детства. Формирование и реализация гендерной политики опирается на анализ, интерпретацию статистических данных (направлений социальной политики), которые дезагрегированы по признаку пола, в динамике показателей. На основе использования методологии ООН, с учетом национальной специфики белорусского общества разработана и развивается релевантно-гендерная статистика как информационный ресурс принятия решений. Гендерная статистика в Беларуси применяется органами власти, управленца-ми-практиками, учеными. Практика подтверждает, использование гендерного подхода в системе государственного управления способствует обеспечению прав, свобод, возможностей женщин, повышает их социальные и политические статусы как внутри общественных институтов, так и на уровне государства. И наоборот, игнорирование гендерного фактора может быть разрушительным для общества и его институтов. 

Increased abundance of MTD1 and MTD2 mRNAs in nodules of decapitated Medicago truncatula.

To gain insight into the molecular processes occurring in root nodule metabolism after stress, we used a mRNA differential display (DDRT-PCR) approach to identify cDNAs corresponding to genes whose expression is enhanced in nodules of decapitated Medicago truncatula plants. Two full-length cDNAs of plant origin were isolated (MTD1 and MTD2). Sequence analysis revealed that MTD1 is identical to an EST clone (accession number AW559774) expressed in roots of M. truncatula upon infection with Phytophthora medicaginis, while MTD2 is highly homologous to an Arabidopsis thaliana gene (accession number AL133292) coding for a RNA binding-like protein. The two mRNAs started to accumulate in root nodules at 4 h after plant decapitation and reached even higher transcript levels at 24 h from the imposition of the treatment. MTD1 and MTD2 mRNAs were mainly induced in nodules, with very little induction in roots. The abundance of the two transcripts did not change in response to other perturbations known to decrease nitrogenase activity, such as nitrate and Ar/O2 treatments. Our results suggest that MTD1 and MTD2 represent transcripts that accumulate locally in nodules and may be involved in changes in nodule metabolism in response to decapitation

Effects of substituting plant-based protein sources for fish meal in the diet of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional adequacy and suitability of rice polish and mustard oil cake as protein sources in the diet of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). To assess the growth performance and feed utilization of Nile Tilapia, three diets containing rice polish (0, 8, and 16%) and mustard oil cake (8, 16, and 24%) were formulated and fed to the fish over a period of 60 days. According to the findings, the growth performance tended to decline as the levels of rice polish and mustard oil cake increased. The control diet (30% Fish meal) resulted in the highest weight gain (373.79±49.78%), whereas the diet (20% Fish meal) resulted in the least weight gain (341.24±27.23%). The specific growth rate (SGR) followed the same pattern, and there were no statistically significant differences in SGR between diets (p>0.05). At the end of this trial, the feed intake (FI) of the various diets ranged between 32.37 g and 37.78 g per fish. Although feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were not significantly different among diets (p>0.05), feed intake decreased as the incorporation of rice polish increased

Alternative protein sources as a replacement of fish meal in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus: A review

The farming of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has conquered the significant popularity in tropical and subtropical regions, primarily due to its remarkable faster growth rate. The growth performance of the species makes it an attractive choice for many fish farmers. Additionally, Tilapia exhibits a commendable resilience to disease, further enhancing its appeal as a farming option. Furthermore, the low trophic feeding levels of Tilapia contribute to its desirability, making it an efficient and sustainable choice for nutrition-conscious individuals. Due to the increasing prevalence of aquaculture production, there has been a significant surge in the demand for fishmeal. This particular protein source has relished the widespread popularity for many years and its demand has now more than doubled. The current growth rate of the aquaculture industry is outpacing the available fishmeal supplies, which are insufficient to meet the demand. According to scientific studies, it has been found that fishmeal can be effectively replaced with alternative sources without compromising the overall performance of the fish. This article presents a compelling case for the practicality of replacing fishmeal with alternative protein sources in the diet of Tilapia. These alternatives include terrestrial animal by-products, oilseed plants, single-cell proteins, and protein-rich plant derivatives. In order to mitigate the environmental impact of the fishmeal industry, it is crucial to implement measures that can effectively address this concern. Moreover, it is crucial to highlight the significance of these sources from a nutritional perspective. The blood meal, meat and bone meal are highly beneficial options for incorporating essential amino acids and protein into the diet of Tilapia. These alternatives offer a rich source of nutrients that can effectively replace fishmeal. The minerals instead of amino acids could improve plant protein performance. Due to inconsistent findings, aquatic plants and single-cell proteins in Tilapia meals should be carefully considered. Fishmeal replacers need biological and economic analyses. Long-term evaluations should be done in practical culture systems rather than labs. In conclusion, it is imperative for Tilapia producers to contemplate the utilization of alternative dietary sources, as extensive research has demonstrated the scientific feasibility of substituting the fishmeal in the diet of Tilapia