Complete Care for a Patient with Asthma or COPD – from Education and Treatment Plan to Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Astma i kronična opstruktivna plućna bolest (KOPB) su kronične upalne bolesti dišnog sustava, kojima je zajednička bronhoopstrukcija, ali se u mnogo pojedinosti razlikuju, tako da suvremeni pristup tim bolestima uključuje više različitih endotipova i fenotipova bolesti. Edukacija ima važnu ulogu u skrbi o tim bolesnicima jer pruža bolesniku saznanja o njegovoj bolesti, koja mu pomažu da zna kako postupiti u pogoršanjima, kao i u mirnim fazama bolesti. Plan liječenja za bolesnike s astmom i KOPB-om se razlikuje po stupnjevima bolesti. Liječenje je medikamentozno i nemedikamentozno (respiratorna rehabilitacija, promjene u prehrani, liječenje kisikom). U terminalnoj fazi KOPB-a primjenjuje se trajno liječenje kisikom u kućnim uvjetima, što bolesnicima značajno olakšava tegobe. U respiratornoj rehabilitaciji, koja se provodi multidisciplinarno, najvažnije je prilagođenim tjelesnim vježbanjem olakšati simptome, poboljšati plućnu funkciju, zaustaviti pogoršanje plućne funkcije i progresiju bolesti. Vježbe disanja su osnovne u plućnoj rehabilitaciji bolesnika s astmom, a važno je da se provode redovito i pravilno. U KOPB-u uz vježbe disanja provodi se posturalna drenaža i poticanje iskašljavanja, kako bi se sekret iz donjih dijelova pluća mobilizirao prema gornjim dijelovima pluća. Svaki bolesnik koji boluje od astme ili KOPB-a zahtijeva potpunu skrb, od postavljanja dijagnoze do terminalne faze bolesti. Ona u početku obuhvaća edukaciju, a zatim praćenje bolesnika u provođenju plana liječenja, koje čini medikamentozno liječenje, ali i, ne manje važna, respiratorna rehabilitacija. Posljednjih godina respiratorna rehabilitacija je u velikom zamahu zbog povoljnih rezultata koji se postižu njezinim stručno vođenim metodama.Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, both characterized by airway obstruction, but which differ in many aspects, so the modern approach to these diseases includes several different endotypes and phenotypes of the disease. Education plays an important role in the care of these patients because it provides the patient with knowledge about the disease, which helps him to act properly in exacerbations as well as in the silent stages of the disease. The treatment plan for patients with asthma and COPD varies by disease stage. Treatment includes drug and non-drug treatments (respiratory rehabilitation, dietary changes, oxygen therapy). In the terminal phase of COPD, permanent oxygen treatment is administered at home, which significantly facilitates patient’s difficulties. In respiratory rehabilitation, which is conducted multidisciplinary, the most important thing is to relieve symptoms, improve lung function, and prevent the deterioration of lung function and disease progression through adapted physical exercise. Breathing exercises are essential in the pulmonary rehabilitation of patients with asthma, and it is important that they are performed regularly and properly. In COPD, postural drainage and expectoration are performed in addition to breathing exercises, in order to mobilize secretions from the lower parts of the lungs towards the upper parts of the lungs. Every patient suffering from asthma or COPD requires complete care, from diagnosis to the terminal stage of the disease. It initially includes education, and then monitoring the patient in the implementation of the treatment plan, which consists of drug treatment, but also, not less important, respiratory rehabilitation. In recent years, respiratory rehabilitation has been in full swing due to the favorable results achieved by its expertly guided methods

Inferring an optimal Fisher measure

It is well known that a suggestive relation exists that links the Schrödinger equation (SE) to the information-optimizing principle based on the Fisher information measure (FIM). We explore here an approach that will allow one to infer the optimal FIM compatible with a given amount of prior information without explicitly solving first the associated SE. This technique is based on the virial theorem and it provides analytic solutions for the physically relevant FIM, that which is minimal subject to the constraints posed by the prior information.Fil: Flego, Silvana Pilar. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; ArgentinaFil: Plastino, Ángel Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Centro Regional de Estudios Genómicos; Argentina. Universidad de las Islas Baleares; España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Plastino, Ángel Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Centro Regional de Estudios Genómicos; Argentina. Universidad de Granada. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento de Electromagnetismo y Física de la Materia. Instituto "Carlos I" de Física Teórica y Computacional; Españ

A Shannon-Tsallis transformation

We determine a general link between two different solutions of the MaxEnt variational problem, namely, the ones that correspond to using either Shannon's or Tsallis' entropies in the concomitant variational problem. It is shown that the two variations lead to equivalent solutions that take different appearances but contain the same information. These solutions are linked by our transformation

Theodor Mommsen: An Enduring Legacy of Rome's Past

Pompey’s representation suffers from a hostile modern historical tradition. Mommsen’s 'Römische Geschichte' selectively crafted a portrait of Pompey which was loosely based on the ancient source tradition that resulted in a devaluation of his political, military, and personal capacity. This interpretation originated from Mommsen’s nineteenth century Prussian context, wherein Romanticism, Historicism, Militarism, and the ‘Great men’ reading of history dictated historical discourse. Accordingly, Mommsen adapted and refined Niebuhr’s pro-Caesar reading of the late republic, which prioritised and celebrated Caesar’s legendary portrayal in his 'Commentaries'. These conclusions determined modern approaches to Pompey in the Germanic and Anglophone traditions, which perpetuated the misleading construct. This thesis investigates these issues by re-evaluating the ancient literary evidence for Pompey’s character and career. It then compares the characterisations of the ancient authors and Mommsen, thereby highlighting the ways in which his selective and determinist methods created an anti-Pompey construct. Following this, this thesis diachronically analyses how subsequent Anglophone scholarship, particularly in the popular genres of narrative history and biography, have adapted aspects of Mommsen’s Pompeian paradigm which perpetuated his negative reading. By outlining and addressing the methodological problems inherent within Mommsen’s scholarly legacy and interrogating the ancient evidence, this thesis demonstrates that the common view of Pompey is the product not of the nuanced and diverse ancient evidence but rather the product of the long term acceptance of a Mommsenian construct. This is symptomatic of a wider issue in late republic scholarship which, often inadvertently, reproduces these unverified assertions without consideration of their origins

Evaluation of Smart Grid projects for inclusion in the third Union-wide list of Projects of Common Interest: Evaluation of candidate projects in the TEN-E priority thematic area of smart grids deployment

The document presents the outcome of the evaluation process of candidate Projects of Common Interest in the priority thematic area of ‘smart grids deployment’, as set out in the trans-European energy infrastructure regulation. The evaluation follows the guidelines of the assessment framework for smart grid Projects of Common Interest, 2017 update, developed by the JRC and adopted by the smart grid Regional Group. The report aims to assist the smart grids Regional Group in proposing projects of common interest in the area of smart grids deployment to be included in the 3rd Union list of Projects of Common Interest.JRC.C.3-Energy Security, Distribution and Market

Multiple Recurrence of Hydatid Disease Lasted 19 Years

Hydatid disease (echinococcosis) is a potentially fatal parasitosis caused by tapeworm larvae of the genus Echinococcus which affects primarily the liver and the lungs. However, despite effective medical and surgical treatment, risk of recurrence remains the main problem in the treatment of the disease. We describe here a rare case of multiple recurrence of hydatid disease that lasted more than 19 years. The patient presented with multiple cysts of the liver and dissemination to the lung. The way of dissemination remained unclear and speculative. Despite surgical and intensive medical treatment the disease progressed and the patient died in septic shock