Producción de fibras de animales (Ovinos y Camélidos). Su consideración en diferentes cuencas de la Provincia de Córdoba

La Provincia de Córdoba cuenta con 151.245 ovinos y se estiman 3.000 llamas y de una población 400 guanacos. Numerosas familias se dedican a estas actividades pecuarias, encontrándose muchas debajo de la línea de pobreza. Forman parte de pequeñas cuencas de producción, son majadas para autoconsumo y/o son nuevas alternativas que buscan un uso sustentable de los recursos. En los últimos cinco años se viene registrando un fenómeno de recuperación y difusión de estas ganaderías debido a numerosos factores, entre ellos la elaboración y sanción de leyes de promoción. La provincia cuenta con una tradición ovina y los Camélidos son considerados como ganadería autóctona. No obstante existe escasa información que caracterice y describa a los sistemas de producción, las poblaciones animales y sus productos zoógenos, en especial la fibra. El objetivo consiste en realizar un análisis del potencial productivo de las poblaciones de Ovinos y Camélidos en diferentes cuencas de la provincia. Para ello se utilizará la metodología de Estructuras Poblacionales utilizada en estudios similares en otras provincias. Se podrá establecer y medir la oferta poblacional en cuanto a calidad y cantidad de animales y su producto y su correspondiente ubicación geográfica. Se propondrán recomendaciones técnicas y estratégicas que orienten la oferta de asistencia técnica y crediticia que fortalezcan producciones de bajo impacto ambiental y sustentables. Se analizará la factibilidad de la transformación de los productos en su región de origen y con tecnologías sencillas y de mínimo impacto.Fil: Hick, Michel Victor Hubert. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; ArgentinaFil: Frank, Eduardo Narciso. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; ArgentinaFil: Zogbi, Ana Paola. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; ArgentinaFil: Bollati, Graciela Patricia. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; Argentin

MAP1B Regulates Axonal Development by Modulating Rho-GTPase Rac1 Activity

This article shows a novel function for the MAP1B protein, related to the control of actin dynamics through interaction with Tiam1

Enkephalin as a Pivotal Player in Neuroadaptations Related to Psychostimulant Addiction

Enkephalin expression is high in mesocorticolimbic areas associated with psychostimulant-induced behavioral and neurobiological effects, and may also modulate local neurotransmission in this circuit network. Psychostimulant drugs, like amphetamine and cocaine, significantly increase the content of enkephalin in these brain structures, but we do not yet understand the specific significance of this drug-induced adaptation. In this review, we summarize the neurochemical and molecular mechanism of psychostimulant-induced enkephalin activation in mesocorticolimbic brain areas, and the contribution of this opioid peptide in the pivotal neuroadaptations and long-term behavioral changes underlying psychostimulant addiction. There is evidence suggesting that adaptive changes in enkephalin content in the mesocorticolimbic circuit, induced by acute and chronic psychostimulant administration, may represent a key initial step in the long-term behavioral and neuronal plasticity induced by these drugs

Cross-sensitization between cocaine and acute restraint stress is associated with sensitized dopamine but not glutamate release in the nucleus accumbens

Repeated administration of psychostimulant drugs or stress can elicit a sensitized response to the stimulating and reinforcing properties of the drug. Here we explore the mechanisms in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) whereby an acute restraint stress augments the acute locomotor response to cocaine. This was accomplished by a combination of behavioral pharmacology, microdialysis measures of extracellular dopamine and glutamate, and Western blotting for GluR1 subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) glutamate receptor (AMPAR). A single exposure to restraint stress 3weeks before testing revealed that enduring locomotor sensitization to cocaine was paralleled by an increase in extracellular dopamine in the core, but not the shell subcompartment, of the NAc. Wistar rats pre-exposed to acute stress showed increased basal levels of glutamate in the core, but the increase in glutamate by acute cocaine was blunted. The alterations in extracellular glutamate seem to be relevant, as blocking AMPAR by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione microinjection into the core prevented both the behavioral cross-sensitization and the augmented increase in cocaine-induced extracellular dopamine. Further implicating glutamate, the locomotor response to AMPAR stimulation in the core was potentiated, but not in the shell of pre-stressed animals, and this was accompanied by an increase in NAc GluR1 surface expression. This study provides evidence that the long-term expression of restraint stress-induced behavioral cross-sensitization to cocaine recapitulates some mechanisms thought to underpin the sensitization induced by daily cocaine administration, and shows that long-term neurobiological changes induced in the NAc by acute stress are consequential in the expression of cross-sensitization to cocaine..Fil: Garcia Keller, Constanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, S. A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Esparza, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Bollati, Flavia Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; ArgentinaFil: Kalivas, P. W.. Medical University of South Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Cancela, Liliana Marin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Física Enrique Gaviola; Argentin

Glutamatergic mechanisms of comorbidity between acute stress and cocaine self-administration

There is substantial comorbidity between stress disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs), and acute stress augments the locomotor stimulant effect of cocaine in animal models. Here we endeavor to understand the neural underpinnings of comorbid stress disorders and drug use by determining whether the glutamatergic neuroadaptations that characterize cocaine self-administration are induced by acute stress. Rats were exposed to acute (2 h) immobilization stress, and 3 weeks later the nucleus accumbens core was examined for changes in glutamate transport, glutamate-mediated synaptic currents and dendritic spine morphology. We also determined whether acute stress potentiated the acquisition of cocaine self-administration. Acute stress produced an enduring reduction in glutamate transport and potentiated excitatory synapses on medium spiny neurons. Acute stress also augmented the acquisition of cocaine self-administration. Importantly, by restoring glutamate transport in the accumbens core with ceftriaxone the capacity of acute stress to augment the acquisition of cocaine self-administration was abolished. Similarly, ceftriaxone treatment prevented stress-induced potentiation of cocaine-induced locomotor activity. However, ceftriaxone did not reverse stress-induced synaptic potentiation, indicating that this effect of stress exposure did not underpin the increased acquisition of cocaine self-administration. Reversing acute stress-induced vulnerability to self-administer cocaine by normalizing glutamate transport poses a novel treatment possibility for reducing comorbid SUDs in stress disorders.Fil: Garcia Keller, Constanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba; Argentina. Medical University of South Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Kupchik, Y.M.. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; IsraelFil: Gipson, C.D.. Medical University of South Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Brown, R. M.. University of Melbourne; AustraliaFil: Spencer, S.. Medical University of South Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Bollati, Flavia Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Esparza, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Roberts Wolfe, D.J.. Medical University of South Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Heinsbroek, J. A.. Medical University of South Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Bobadilla, A. C.. Medical University of South Carolina; Estados UnidosFil: Cancela, Liliana Marina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Kalivas, P. W.. Medical University of South Carolina; Estados Unido