147 research outputs found
Uncooled bolometer response of a low noise La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 thin film
We report measurements of the optical responses of a La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO)
sample at a wavelength of 533 nm in the 300-400 K range. The 200 nm thick film
was grown by pulsed laser deposition on (100) SrTiO3 substrate and showed
remarkably low noise. At 335 K the temperature coefficient of the resistance of
a 100 micrometers wide 300 micrometers long LSMO line was 0.017 K-1 and the
normalized Hooge parameter was 9 e-30 m3, which is among the lowest reported
values. We then measured an optical sensitivity at I = 5 mA of 10.4 V.W-1 and
corresponding noise equivalent power (NEP) values of 8.1 e-10 W.Hz-1/2 and 3.3
e-10 W. Hz-1/2 at 30 Hz and above 1kHz, respectively. Simple considerations on
bias current conditions and thermal conductance G are finally given for further
sensitivity improvements using LSMO films. The performances were indeed
demonstrated on bulk substrates with G of 10-3 W.K-1. One could expect a NEP
reduction by three orders of magnitude if a membrane-type geometry was used,
which makes this LSMO device competitive against commercially available
uncooled bolometers.Comment: 15 pages. Accepted for publication in Appl. Phys. Let
Return on Experience from Sustainability Audits in European Engineering Educational Institutions
International audienceSustainability efforts of higher educational institutions in engineering have today a strong influence on their accountability and on continuous improvements of their programs and organization. Following the recent ISO 26000 guidelines promoted for the all types of organizations, accreditation or quality assurance systems for engineering education start to consider sustainability dimensions. In Europe, various initiatives have recently proposed specific dimensions and criteria for evaluation of universities or schools, e.g. the QUESTE-SI LLP Erasmus European project (QUality system of European Scientific and Technical Education - Sustainable Industry), or the Plan Vert validated by the French Ministry of sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is to present and analyze the evaluation process for a campus sustainability audit. Based on experienced reporting and evaluations, both from an audited engineering school (i.e. quality referents) and auditor perspectives, the quantitative and quantitative results drawn in the paper should permit institution stakeholders to regularly collect internal sustainability initiatives, track records, in a way to better prepare self-evaluation reports and manage future audit visits. After an overview of some existing international accreditation procedures for higher educational institutions, both in engineering and business, the proposed analysis relies on four 2012 audits, two of them conducted in a French engineering school, and two other conducted in two different European technical universities. Several sustainability dimensions, linked to criteria, are considered and discussed. As an example for the QUESTE-SI label, the audit relied on (i) institution policy and strategy, (ii) social responsibility & sustainable engineering education (SRSE) and curriculum, (iii) student involvement & cultural development in SRSE, and (iv) research & innovation. As findings, apart from the score and ranking results thanks to the evaluations, the audit preparation, reporting and process permits to engage in an internal reflection that should contribute to coherently enhance the research & educational missions and strategies of the institution, so as to favour a national and international recognition of its politics and dynamicity in the area of sustainability issues. Thanks to a clear referential, framework, and guidelines for evaluation based on a systemic interdisciplinary approach, an integrated governance of sustainability dimensions at institutional level can be more flexibility formalized. Based on those results, the paper claims for possible cross-evaluations between institutions as a complement to external evaluations to better organize and institutionalize continuous improvement processes, so as implicate to students as key actors in the change process
Modulated optical reflectance measurements on La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 thin films
The modulated optical reflectance (MOR) measurement technique was applied to
colossal magnetoresistive materials, in particular, La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) thin
films. The contactless measurement scheme is prospective for many applications
spanning from materials characterization to new devices like reading heads for
magnetically recorded media. A contrasted room temperature surface scan of a
100 microns wide 400 microns long bridge patterned into LSMO film provided
preliminary information about the film homogeneity. Then the temperature was
varied between 240 and 400 K, i.e. through the ferromagnetic to paramagnetic
transition. A clear relation between the MOR signal measured as function of the
temperature and the relative derivative of the resistivity up to the Curie
temperature was observed. This relationship is fundamental for the MOR
technique and its mechanism was explored in the particular case of LSMO.
Analysis in the framework of the Drude model showed that, within certain
conditions, the measured MOR signal changes are correlated to changes in the
charge carrier concentration.Comment: 29 pages, accepted for publication in J. Appl. Phy
Low-frequency noise considerations for sensors based on manganites
International audienceLow frequency noise considerations for sensors based on La0.33Sr0.67MnO3 (LSMO) thin films are discussed in this paper. Thanks to special attention on the film quality, onthe electrical readout electronics and on the patterned geometries, epitaxially grown LSMO thin films can show a very low level of low-frequency noise and can thus be used to fabricate high signal-to-noise ratio sensors such as uncooled bolometers and uncooled low-field magnetoresistances
Chemokine receptor patterns in lymphocytes mirror metastatic spreading in melanoma
30siopenMelanoma prognosis is dictated by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, the migratory and functional behavior of which is guided by chemokine or cytokine gradients. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the expression patterns of 9 homing receptors (CCR/CXCR) in naive and memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes in 57 patients with metastatic melanoma (MMel) with various sites of metastases to evaluate whether T cell CCR/CXCR expression correlates with intratumoral accumulation, metastatic progression, and/or overall survival (OS). Homing receptor expression on lymphocytes strongly correlated with MMel dissemination. Loss of CCR6 or CXCR3, but not cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA), on circulating T cell subsets was associated with skin or lymph node metastases, loss of CXCR4, CXCR5, and CCR9 corresponded with lung involvement, and a rise in CCR10 or CD103 was associated with widespread dissemination. High frequencies of CD8(+)CCR9(+) naive T cells correlated with prolonged OS, while neutralizing the CCR9/CCL25 axis in mice stimulated tumor progression. The expansion of CLA-expressing effector memory CD8(+) T cells in response to a single administration of CTLA4 blockade predicted disease control at 3 months in 47 patients with MMel. Thus, specific CCR/CXCR expression patterns on circulating T lymphocytes may guide potential diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.openJacquelot N.; Enot D.P.; Flament C.; Vimond N.; Blattner C.; Pitt J.M.; Yamazaki T.; Roberti M.P.; Daillere R.; Vetizou M.; Poirier-Colame V.; Semeraro M.; Caignard A.; Slingluff C.L.; Sallusto F.; Rusakiewicz S.; Weide B.; Marabelle A.; Kohrt H.; Dalle S.; Cavalcanti A.; Kroemer G.; DI Giacomo A.M.; Maio M.; Wong P.; Yuan J.; Wolchok J.; Umansky V.; Eggermont A.; Zitvogel L.Jacquelot, N.; Enot, D. P.; Flament, C.; Vimond, N.; Blattner, C.; Pitt, J. M.; Yamazaki, T.; Roberti, M. P.; Daillere, R.; Vetizou, M.; Poirier-Colame, V.; Semeraro, M.; Caignard, A.; Slingluff, C. L.; Sallusto, F.; Rusakiewicz, S.; Weide, B.; Marabelle, A.; Kohrt, H.; Dalle, S.; Cavalcanti, A.; Kroemer, G.; DI Giacomo, A. M.; Maio, M.; Wong, P.; Yuan, J.; Wolchok, J.; Umansky, V.; Eggermont, A.; Zitvogel, L
Lifelong testicular differentiation in Pleurodeles waltl (Amphibia, Caudata)
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Chemokine receptor patterns in lymphocytes mirror metastatic spreading in melanoma
Melanoma prognosis is dictated by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, the migratory and functional behavior of which is guided by chemokine or cytokine gradients. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the expression patterns of 9 homing receptors (CCR/CXCR) in naive and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in 57 patients with metastatic melanoma (MMel) with various sites of metastases to evaluate whether T cell CCR/CXCR expression correlates with intratumoral accumulation, metastatic progression, and/or overall survival (OS). Homing receptor expression on lymphocytes strongly correlated with MMel dissemination. Loss of CCR6 or CXCR3, but not cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA), on circulating T cell subsets was associated with skin or lymph node metastases, loss of CXCR4, CXCR5, and CCR9 corresponded with lung involvement, and a rise in CCR10 or CD103 was associated with widespread dissemination. High frequencies of CD8+CCR9+ naive T cells correlated with prolonged OS, while neutralizing the CCR9/CCL25 axis in mice stimulated tumor progression. The expansion of CLA-expressing effector memory CD8+ T cells in response to a single administration of CTLA4 blockade predicted disease control at 3 months in 47 patients with MMel. Thus, specific CCR/CXCR expression patterns on circulating T lymphocytes may guide potential diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
From ERα66 to ERα36: a generic method for validating a prognosis marker of breast tumor progression
L'utilisation des nouvelles plateformes de communication au sein des Ă©glises protestantes
Le présent mémoire étudie la place et l’utilisation des nouveaux supports de communication au sein des églises protestantes en Europe francophone. Quel degré d’ouverture affichent ces organismes religieux envers les nouvelles plateformes d’échange ? De quoi se compose le paysage médiatique de telles communautés ? Face aux pratiques des megachurches, comment se positionnent les églises locales ? Le nombre de mouvements protestants différents surprend. Les pratiques et les sensibilités qui en découlent tendent à fortement varier d’une église à une autre. Cette étude réduit alors son champ d’analyse aux discours des responsables des églises protestantes évangéliques de Suisse et de la Porte Ouverte Chrétienne de Mulhouse (France). Ce mémoire tente de dresser le paysage culturel et religieux des églises protestantes d’Europe francophone pour ensuite confronter les théories actuelles de la communication sociale et religieuse aux discours des différents intervenants et de leurs plateformes.Master [120] en communication (Mons), Université catholique de Louvain, 201
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